FRENCH VISUAL CULTURE AND THE MAKING OF MEDIEVAL THEATER Thisbookreviveswhatwasunique,strange,andexcitingaboutthevariety of performances that took place in the realms of the French kings and Burgundiandukes.LauraWeigertbringstogetherawealthofvisualartifacts andpracticestoexplorethistraditionoflatemedievalperformancelocated not in “theaters” but in churches, courts, and city streets and squares. By stressing the theatricality ratherthan the realism of fifteenth-century visual culture and the spectacular rather than the devotional nature of its effects, she offers a new way of thinking about late medieval representation and spectatorship. She shows how images that ostensibly document medieval performance instead revise its characteristic features to conform to a play- going experience that was associated with classical antiquity. This retro- spectivevisionofthelatemedievalperformancetraditioncontributedtoits demiseinsixteenth-centuryFranceandpromotedassumptionsaboutmedi- evaltheaterthatcontinuetoinformthecontemporarydisciplinesofartand theater history. Laura Weigert is Associate Professor of Art History at Rutgers University. SheistherecipientofgrantsfromtheAmericanPhilosophicalSociety,the NationalEndowmentfortheHumanities,andtheHumboldtFoundation, and she was a Samuel H. Kress Senior Fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Visual Arts and a Felix Gilbert Member at the Institute for Advanced Study. Her publications include Weaving Sacred Stories: French Choir Tapestries and the Performance of Clerical Identity (2004) and articles in Art History, the Oxford Art Journal, Gesta, Studies in Iconography, The Art Bulletin, Art Journal, and EMF: Studies in Early Modern France, as well as in numerous collections of essays. Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. University of South Australia, on 20 Apr 2019 at 14:36:07, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139629027 Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. University of South Australia, on 20 Apr 2019 at 14:36:07, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139629027 FRENCH VISUAL CULTURE AND THE MAKING OF MEDIEVAL THEATER LAURA WEIGERT Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. University of South Australia, on 20 Apr 2019 at 14:36:07, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139629027 32AvenueoftheAmericas,NewYork,ny10013-2473,usa CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge. ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepursuitof education,learning,andresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence. www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107040472 ©LauraWeigert2015 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2015 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica AcatalogrecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Weigert,Laura. Frenchvisualcultureandthemakingofmedievaltheater/LauraWeigert. pages cm Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. isbn978-1-107-04047-2(Hardback) 1. Theaterinart. 2. Artandsociety–France–History–To1500. 3. Artandsociety– France–History–16thcentury. 4. Theaterandsociety–France–History–To1500. 5. Theaterandsociety–France–History–16thcentury. 6. Performingarts–Socialaspects– France–History–To1500. 7. Performingarts–Socialaspects–France–History–16thcentury. I. Title. N8252.W452015 700.944009031–dc23 2015018958 isbn978-1-107-04047-2Hardback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracy ofURLsforexternalorthird-partyInternetWebsitesreferredtointhispublication anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchWebsitesis,orwillremain, accurateorappropriate. TheResearchCouncilofRutgersUniversityandaMillardMeissgrantfromtheCollegeArt Associationcontributedtotheillustrationofthisbook. MM PublicationofthisbookhasbeenaidedbyagrantfromtheMillardMeissPublicationFundof theCollegeArtAssociation. Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. University of South Australia, on 20 Apr 2019 at 14:36:07, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139629027 FRENCH VISUAL CULTURE AND THE MAKING OF MEDIEVAL THEATER Thisbookreviveswhatwasunique,strange,andexcitingaboutthevariety of performances that took place in the realms of the French kings and Burgundiandukes.LauraWeigertbringstogetherawealthofvisualartifacts andpracticestoexplorethistraditionoflatemedievalperformancelocated not in “theaters” but in churches, courts, and city streets and squares. By stressing the theatricality ratherthan the realism of fifteenth-century visual culture and the spectacular rather than the devotional nature of its effects, she offers a new way of thinking about late medieval representation and spectatorship. She shows how images that ostensibly document medieval performance instead revise its characteristic features to conform to a play- going experience that was associated with classical antiquity. This retro- spectivevisionofthelatemedievalperformancetraditioncontributedtoits demiseinsixteenth-centuryFranceandpromotedassumptionsaboutmedi- evaltheaterthatcontinuetoinformthecontemporarydisciplinesofartand theater history. Laura Weigert is Associate Professor of Art History at Rutgers University. SheistherecipientofgrantsfromtheAmericanPhilosophicalSociety,the NationalEndowmentfortheHumanities,andtheHumboldtFoundation, and she was a Samuel H. Kress Senior Fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Visual Arts and a Felix Gilbert Member at the Institute for Advanced Study. Her publications include Weaving Sacred Stories: French Choir Tapestries and the Performance of Clerical Identity (2004) and articles in Art History, the Oxford Art Journal, Gesta, Studies in Iconography, The Art Bulletin, Art Journal, and EMF: Studies in Early Modern France, as well as in numerous collections of essays. Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. University of South Australia, on 20 Apr 2019 at 14:37:09, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139629027 Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. University of South Australia, on 20 Apr 2019 at 14:37:09, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139629027 FRENCH VISUAL CULTURE AND THE MAKING OF MEDIEVAL THEATER LAURA WEIGERT Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. University of South Australia, on 20 Apr 2019 at 14:37:09, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139629027 32AvenueoftheAmericas,NewYork,ny10013-2473,usa CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge. ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepursuitof education,learning,andresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence. www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107040472 ©LauraWeigert2015 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2015 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica AcatalogrecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Weigert,Laura. Frenchvisualcultureandthemakingofmedievaltheater/LauraWeigert. pages cm Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. isbn978-1-107-04047-2(Hardback) 1. Theaterinart. 2. Artandsociety–France–History–To1500. 3. Artandsociety– France–History–16thcentury. 4. Theaterandsociety–France–History–To1500. 5. Theaterandsociety–France–History–16thcentury. 6. Performingarts–Socialaspects– France–History–To1500. 7. Performingarts–Socialaspects–France–History–16thcentury. I. Title. N8252.W452015 700.944009031–dc23 2015018958 isbn978-1-107-04047-2Hardback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracy ofURLsforexternalorthird-partyInternetWebsitesreferredtointhispublication anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchWebsitesis,orwillremain, accurateorappropriate. TheResearchCouncilofRutgersUniversityandaMillardMeissgrantfromtheCollegeArt Associationcontributedtotheillustrationofthisbook. MM PublicationofthisbookhasbeenaidedbyagrantfromtheMillardMeissPublicationFundof theCollegeArtAssociation. Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. University of South Australia, on 20 Apr 2019 at 14:37:09, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139629027 FRENCH VISUAL CULTURE AND THE MAKING OF MEDIEVAL THEATER Thisbookreviveswhatwasunique,strange,andexcitingaboutthevariety of performances that took place in the realms of the French kings and Burgundiandukes.LauraWeigertbringstogetherawealthofvisualartifacts andpracticestoexplorethistraditionoflatemedievalperformancelocated not in “theaters” but in churches, courts, and city streets and squares. By stressing the theatricality ratherthan the realism of fifteenth-century visual culture and the spectacular rather than the devotional nature of its effects, she offers a new way of thinking about late medieval representation and spectatorship. She shows how images that ostensibly document medieval performance instead revise its characteristic features to conform to a play- going experience that was associated with classical antiquity. This retro- spectivevisionofthelatemedievalperformancetraditioncontributedtoits demiseinsixteenth-centuryFranceandpromotedassumptionsaboutmedi- evaltheaterthatcontinuetoinformthecontemporarydisciplinesofartand theater history. Laura Weigert is Associate Professor of Art History at Rutgers University. SheistherecipientofgrantsfromtheAmericanPhilosophicalSociety,the NationalEndowmentfortheHumanities,andtheHumboldtFoundation, and she was a Samuel H. Kress Senior Fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Visual Arts and a Felix Gilbert Member at the Institute for Advanced Study. Her publications include Weaving Sacred Stories: French Choir Tapestries and the Performance of Clerical Identity (2004) and articles in Art History, the Oxford Art Journal, Gesta, Studies in Iconography, The Art Bulletin, Art Journal, and EMF: Studies in Early Modern France, as well as in numerous collections of essays. Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. University of South Australia, on 20 Apr 2019 at 14:37:36, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139629027 Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. University of South Australia, on 20 Apr 2019 at 14:37:36, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139629027