French Society in Revolution, 1789-1799 PDF
Preview French Society in Revolution, 1789-1799
French society in revolution 1789-1799 DAVID ANDRESS Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 http://www.archive.org/details/frenchsocietyinrOOdavi NEWFRONTIERSINHISTORY serieseditors MarkGreengrass DepartmentofHistory,SheffieldUniversity JohnStevenson WorcesterCollege,Oxford This important series reflects the substantial expansion that has occurred in the scope of history syllabuses. As new subject areas have emerged and syllabuses have come to focus more upon methods ofhistorical enquiry and knowledge of source materials, a growing need has arisen for correspondingly broad-ranging textbooks. New Frontiers in History provides up-to-date overviews of key topics in British, European and world history, together with accompanying source material and appendices. Authors focus on subjects where revisionist work is being under- taken, providing a fresh viewpoint, welcomed by students and sixth-formers. The series also explores established topics which have attracted much conflicting analysisandrequireasynthesisofthestateofdebate. iMl P MANCHESTER UNIVERSITY PRESS Publishedtitles JeremyBlack ThepoliticsofBritain PaulBookbinder WeimarGermany MichaelBraddick Thenervesofstate:taxationandthefinancingofthe Englishstate,1558-1714 MichaelBroers EuropeafterNapoleon DavidBrooks Theageofupheaval: Edwardianpolitics,1899-1914 CarlChinn Povertyamidstprosperity ConanFischer TheriseoftheNazis T.A.Jenkins Parliament,partyandpoliticsinVictorianBritain NevilleKirk Change,continuityandclass: LabourinBritishsociety1850-1920 KeithLaybourn TheGeneralStrikeof1926 FrankMcDonough NevilleChamberlain,appeasementandtheBritish roadtowar EvanMawdsley TheStalinyears,1929-1953 Alan O'Day IrishHomeRule1867-1921 FanikosPanayi Immigration,racismandethnicity1815-1945 DanielSzechi TheJacobites DavidTaylor TheNewPolice John Whittam FascistItaly Forthcomingtitles CiaranBrady Theunplannedconquest:socialchangesandpoliticalconflictin sixteenth-centuryIreland JohnChilds Thearmy,stateandsociety1500-1800 BarryCoward TheCromwellianprotectorate SimonDitchfield TheJesuitsinearlymodernEurope BruceGordon TheSwissReformation Susan-MaryGrant TheAmericanCivilWarandReconstruction TonyKushner TheHolocaustanditsaftermath AlanMarshall Theageoffaction KeithMason Slaveryandemancipation MichaelTurner Britishpoliticsintheageofreform AlexandraWalsham Persecutionandtolerationin England1530-1660 French society in revolution, 1789-1799 David Andress ManchesterUniversityPress ManchesterandNewYork DistributedexclusivelyintheUSAbySt.MartinsPress Copyright©DavidAndress1999 TherightofDavidAndresstobeidentifiedastheauthorofthisworkhasbeen assertedbyhiminaccordancewiththeCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988. PublishedbyManchesterUniversityPress OxfordRoad,ManchesterM139NR,UK andRoom400,175FifthAvenue,NewYork,NY10010,USA http://www.man.ac.uk/mup DistributedexclusivelyintheUSAby St.Martin'sPress,Inc.,175FifthAvenue,NewYork, NY10010,USA DistributedexclusivelyinCanadaby UBCPress,UniversityofBritishColumbia,6344MemorialRoad, Vancouver,BC,CanadaV6T1Z2 BritishLibraryCataloguing-in-PublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataappliedfor ISBN 719051908hardback 719051916paperback Firstpublished1999 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 99 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 PrintedinGreatBritain byBell&BainLtd,Glasgow Contents Acknowledgements pagevii Chronology ix Biographies xix Introduction 1 1 France before Revolution 9 2 Reform and politicisation before 1789 29 3 The great year of Revolution - 1789 49 4 The reconstructive project and the political landscape in 1790 69 5 Dissent, radicalisation and the descent to war, 1791-1792 89 6 War and the Girondin Republic, 1792-1793 108 7 Terror and the Jacobin Republic, 1793-1794 126 8 The quest for social order -Thermidor to Brumaire, 1794-1799 146 Conclusion 161 Selected documents 167 Bibliographical essay 200 Index 211 Acknowledgements I should first like to thankthe editors of the New Frontiers series, and especially Mark Greengrass, for taking on this project, and for help and advice along the way. My thanks also to the various staffatMURwithoutwhom thisbookwould stillbenomore than a floppy disk. As usual, one's colleagues are a necessary support in the long-drawn-out business of writing, and I would particu- larly thank Brad Beaven and Mark Ledbury for their comrade- ship and a long series of sanity-sustaining conversations. On a more concrete note, Alan Forrest provided helpful commentary on some chapters, and Paul Hanson read and annotated a com- plete draft, for which I am extremely grateful. Jerry Emery and Emma-Louise Marston also read drafts to give me the viewpoint oftheintended readership, andwhile I hope theireducationben- efited from the experience, I thankthem all the same. Finally, like everything else, this bookis to Jessica, with love. vn
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