French Mediterraneans: Transnational and Imperial Histories

435 Pages·2016·3.09 MB·English

by  Patricia M. E. Lorcin

FRENCH MEDITERRANEANS
FRANCE OVERSEAS:
STUDIES IN EMPIRE AND
DECOLONIZATION
Series editors: A. J. B. Johnston,
James D. Le Sueur, and Tyler Stovall
French Mediterraneans
Transnational and Imperial Histories
Edited and with an introduction by
Patricia M. E. Lorcin and Todd Shepard
UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA PRESS
Lincoln and London
© 2016 by the Board of Regents
of the University of Nebraska
All rights reserved
Manufactured in the United
States of America
Library of Congress Cataloging-
in-P ublication Data
Names: Lorcin, Patricia M. E. |
Shepard, Todd, 1969–
Title: French Mediterraneans: transnational
and imperial histories / Edited and with
an introduction by Patricia M. E. Lorcin
and Todd Shepard.
Description: Lincoln:
University of Nebraska Press, 2016.
Series: France overseas: studies in
empire and decolonization | Includes
bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2015023758
ISBN 9780803249936 (cloth: alkaline paper)
ISBN 9780803288751 (epub)
ISBN 9780803288768 (mobi)
ISBN 9780803288775 (pdf)
Subjects: LCSH: Mediterranean
Region—R elations— France. | France—
Relations—M editerranean Region. |
Transnationalism—H istory. | Imperialism—
History. | French—M editerranean
Region—H istory. | Mediterranean
Region—E thnic relations—H istory.
Classification: LCC DE85.5.F8 F74 2016 |
DDC 303.48/224401822— dc23 LC record
available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2015023758
Set in Charis by L. Auten.
Designed by N. Putens.
CONTENTS
List of Illustrations vii
List of Tables ix
Introduction 1
PATRICIA M. E. LORCIN AND TODD SHEPARD
PART I. RETHINKING MEDITERRANEAN MAPS
(MAPS TO RETHINK THE MEDITERRANEAN)
1. Révolutions de Constantinople:
France and the Ottoman World in the Age of Revolutions 21
ALI YAYCIOĞLU
2. Barbary and Revolution: France and North Africa, 1789– 1798 52
IAN COLLER
3. “There Is, in the Heart of Asia, . . . an Entirely French Population”:
France, Mount Lebanon, and the Workings of Affective
Empire in the Mediterranean, 1830– 1920 76
ANDREW ARSAN
4. Natural Disaster, Globalization, and Decolonization:
The Case of the 1960 Agadir Earthquake 101
SPENCER SEGALLA
PART II. SHIFTING FRAMEWORKS OF MIGRATION
(MIGRATIONS ACROSS THE MEDITERRANEAN)
5. The French Nation of Constantinople in the Eighteenth Century as
Reflected in the Saints Peter and Paul Parish Records, 1740– 1800 131
EDHEM ELDEM
6. An Ottoman in Paris: A Tale of Mediterranean Coinage 168
MARC AYMES
7. From Household to Schoolroom: Women, Transnational
Networks, and Education in North Africa and Beyond 200
JULIA CLANCY- SMITH
8. Europeans before Europe? The Mediterranean
Prehistory of European Integration and Exclusion 232
MARY DEWHURST LEWIS
PART III. MARGINS REMADE (BY THE MEDITERRANEAN)
9. Dreyfus in the Sahara: Jews, Trans-S aharan Commerce,
and Southern Algeria under French Colonial Rule 265
SARAH ABREVAYA STEIN
10. Moïse Nahon and the Invention of the Modern Maghrebi Jew 293
SUSAN GILSON MILLER
11. The Syphilitic Arab? A Search for Civilization in Disease
Etiology, Native Prostitution, and French Colonial Medicine 320
ELLEN AMSTER
12. From Auschwitz to Algeria: The Mediterranean Limits of the
French Anti–C oncentration Camp Movement, 1952– 1959 347
EMMA KUBY
Bibliography 373
List of Contributors 409
Index 413
ILLUSTRATIONS
5.1. Staying French: Patterns of endogamy
among the Rambaud and Alléon families 160
5.2. Mixing blood I: French families
grafting upon a local dynasty 162
5.3. Mixing blood II: The Chénier and Amic
families’ Levantine heritage 164
5.4. Mixing blood III: The Dellarocca
family’s multiple French alliances 166
6.1. Three drafts of stamps to be used for
“authenticated documents” 176
6.2. Detailed view of stamp used for
“authenticated documents” 176
6.3. Letter from J. Anastassiades to the
consul general of Russia, 1884 177
6.4. Detailed view of letter from J. Anastassiades
to the consul general of Russia, 1884 177
6.5. Mold for an Ottoman debenture bond 185
6.6. Ottoman debenture bond, 1865 186
8.1. The Ceuta-M orocco border, February 2006 233
8.2. Tattered passport showing origin
in department of Algiers 243
11.1. Lacapère’s schematic of the
evolution of “Arab syphilis” 329
11.2. Children with dental abnormalities
from hereditary “Arab syphilis” 330
11.3. Infant born with birth defect from
hereditary “Arab syphilis” 330
11.4. Large X-r ay machine used for
“radiothérapie” in the Lemtiyyine clinic 332
11.5. The malnourished, inadequately
clothed Bousbir prostitute 336
TABLES
5.1. Origin and gender of individuals in all parish records 135
5.2. Occupations in death, marriage, and baptism records 138
5.3. Occupations in death and baptism
records among major groups 139
5.4. Origin and gender in death records with
and without “itinerant” individuals 141
5.5. Endogamy and exogamy among the main communities
according to marriage and baptism records 142
5.6. Origin of the spouses of French individuals
according to baptism and marriage records 143
5.7. Occupation of French subjects residing
in Constantinople in 1723 144
5.8. Occupation of French subjects residing
in Constantinople in 1769 145