Freiheit und Pluralismus

310 Pages·2016·5.03 MB·German

by  Robert Reick

FreIheIt uNd PluralISmuS
ISaIah BerlINS ZeNtrale IdeeN alS
materIal FÜr dIe heutIGe PhIlOSOPhIe
Robert Reick
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Robert Reick
Freiheit und Pluralismus
Isaiah Berlins zentrale Ideen als Material
für die heutige Philosophie
Europäische Kultur und Ideengeschichte
Studien. Band 10
Herausgeber: Bernd Thum, Hans-Peter Schütt
Institut für Philosophie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Eine Übersicht aller bisher in dieser Schriftenreihe
erschienene Bände finden Sie am Ende des Buchs.
Freiheit und Pluralismus
Isaiah Berlins zentrale Ideen als
Material für die heutige Philosophie
von
Robert Reick
Dissertation, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Fakultät für Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften
Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 14. Oktober 2015
Titel-Illustration:
„Der Lange Schatten des Fuchses“ von Natascha Brändli, Burrweiler, 2015
www.nataschabrändli.de
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Print on Demand 2016
ISSN 1867-5018
ISBN 978-3-7315-0483-2
DOI 10.5445/KSP/1000051978

Keywords
Sir ISAIAH BERLIN – liberty – negative / positive freedom –
incomparability / incommensurability – pluralism / monisim about
value – perfectionism / neutrality – deliberative democracy – quietism
Abstract
Discussing the intellectual legacy of ISAIAH BERLIN, this dissertation
offers an interpretation that stresses the concepts of objective pluralism
and negative versus positive freedom as central elements in BERLIN’s
thought. In so doing it provides crucial revisions of two core concepts
in contemporary philosophy.
This study firstly suggests to re-interpret BERLIN’s concept of
freedom by rejecting the notion of positive freedom as “mis-naming”.
Such a reading of freedom, which must be understood as a negator of
obstacles and a private sphere characterized by insufficient deter-
mination, transcends THOMAS HOBBES’ notion of non-frustrating free-
dom – without the overstretching common in Republicanism and Pure
Negativism. Unlike material concepts of freedom that draw on notions
of Good Life, the first part reconstructs an interpretation of individual
freedom that builds upon and goes beyond the historical BERLIN.
Secondly BERLIN’s concept of objective pluralism is analyzed in a
way that understands any value as one among other values which can
come into unresolvable conflict since actors have to choose (or justify
their choosing) between incommensurable and incomparable values.
This dissertation constitutes a much-needed modification of BERLIN’s
concept of pluralism by adapting impulses from contemporary
discourse on vagueness. At the same time the break with anthro-
pological essentialism renders redundant fears about the amalgamation
of pluralism and relativism that also haunted BERLIN.
Based on these two reconstructions, the dissertation scrutinizes
whether – as Berlin insisted – an ethical stance of pluralism might
strengthen the position of liberalism within political philosophy. In a
conclusive view into the future the dissertation finally explores
contemporary fields of debate around liberalism, perfectionism, and
participation – not least of all in order to highlight new varieties of
paternalisms in analytic philosophy which have replaced earlier debates
with communitarianism.