Free Radicals, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Pathological and Physiological Significance PDF
Preview Free Radicals, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Pathological and Physiological Significance
Free Radicals, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants Pathological and Physiological Significance NATO ASI Series Advanced Science Institutes Series A series presenting the results of activities sponsored by the NATO Science Committee, which aims at the dissemination of advanced scientific and technological knowledge, with a view to strengthening links between scientific communities. The series is published by an international board of publishers in conjunction with the NATO Scientific Affairs Division A Life Sciences Plenum Publishing Corporation B Physics New York and London C Mathematical Kluwer Academic Publishers and Physical Sciences Dordrecht, Boston, and London D Behavioral and Social Sciences E Applied Sciences F Computer and Systems Sciences Springer-Verlag G Ecological Sciences Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, London, H Cell Biology Paris, Tokyo, Hong Kong, and Barcelona I Global Environmental Change PARTNERSHIP SUB-SERIES 1. Disarmament Technologies Kluwer Academic Publishers 2. Environment Springer-Verlag 3. High Technology Kluwer Academic Publishers 4. Science and Technology Polley Kluwer Academic Publishers 5. Computer Networking Kluwer Academic Publishers The Partnership Sub-Series incorporates activities undertaken in collaboration with NATO's Cooperation Partners, the countries of the CIS and Central and Eastern Europe, in Priority Areas of concern to those countries. Recent Volumes in this Series: Volume 293-Vaccine Design: The Role of Cytokine Networks edited by Gregory Gregoriadis, Brenda McCormack, and Anthony C. Allison Volume 294-Vascular Endothelium: Pharmacologic and Genetic Manipulations edited by John D. Catravas, Allan D. Callow, and Una S. Ryan Volume 295-Prions and Brain Diseases in Animals and Humans edited by Douglas R. 0. Morrison Volume 296-Free Radicals, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Pathological and Physiological Significance edited by Tomris Ozben Series A: Life Sciences Free Radicals, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants Pathological and Physiological Significance Edited by Tomris Ozben Akdeniz University Antalya, Turkey Springer Science+ Business Media, LLC Proceedings of a NATO Advanced Study Institute on Free Radicals, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Pathological and Physiological Significance, held May 24-June 4, 1997, in Antalya, Turkey NATO-PCO-DATA BASE The electronic index to the NATO ASI Series provides full bibliographical references (with keywords and/or abstracts) to about 50,000 contributions from international scientists published in all sections of the NATO ASI Series. Access to the NATO-PCO-DATA BASE is possible via a CD-ROM "NATO Science and Technology Disk" with user-friendly retrieval software in English, French, and German (©WTV GmbH and DATAWARE Technologies, Inc. 1989). The CD-ROM contains the AGARD Aerospace Database. The CD-ROM can be ordered through any member of the Board of Publishers or through NATO-PCO, Overijse, Belgium. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data On tile ISBN 978-1-4419-3292-1 ISBN 978-1-4757-2907-8 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4757-2907-8 © 1998 Springer Science+Business Media New York Originally published by Plenum Press, New York in 1998 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1998 http://www.plenum.com 10987654321 All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher PREFACE There has been an explosion of research related to free radicals and antioxidants in recent years, and hundreds of laboratories worldwide are actively involved in many as pects of free radicals, oxidative stress, and antioxidants. The literature on these topics in creases exponentially every year. Over the last few years, we have been fortunate to witness a widespread recognition of the important role of free radicals in a wide variety of pathological conditions including diseases such as atherosclerosis, cardiovascular and neurological diseases, ischemia, emphysema, diabetes, radiation injury, cancer, etc. In ad dition, many laboratories are studying the role of free radicals in the inexorable process of aging. Increased evidence involves free radicals with the etiology of various diseases, thereby suggesting the use of antioxidants as a viable therapeutic approach for the treat ment of free radical mediated pathologies. Despite these impressive developments, many important aspects of free radical and antioxidant research are open for investigation. It is important to understand the overall mechanisms involved in free radical mediated physiological and pathological conditions. This knowledge will undoubtedly lead to the development of new therapeutic approaches to prevent or control free radical related diseases. This book contains the proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute (ASI) on "Free Radicals, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Pathological and Physiological Sig nificance," which was held in Antalya, Turkey from May 24-June 4, 1997. The scientific program of the ASI was multidisciplinary and included a wide range of issues such as ba sic concepts, methods, and techniques used in this area and the role of free radicals and antioxidants in various disease states. The present state of knowledge and future trends in free radicals and antioxidant research were presented in depth by lecturers of international standing. The presentation and discussions of the meeting provided the opportunity for in vestigators from many different areas of basic science and medicine to meet, exchange ideas, information, and techniques, and evaluate the present state and future directions in the field of free radicals, oxidative stress, and antioxidants. I would like to thank all those who made it possible to organize this meeting. I would like to thank the organizing committee members who had provided invaluable help in the organization of this meeting for which I am grateful. I would like to thank all the speakers who responded to our invitations without hesitation. I thank also all the partici pants for their enthusiastic participation and their complimentary comments on the success of the Institute. Special thanks are due to the Scientific Affairs Division of NATO for pro viding a major portion of the grants for the organization of the meeting and also for publi- v vi Preface cation of this book. The contributions of FEBS and UNESCO that were used to support the participation of many young scientists are gratefully acknowledged. This book presents the contents of the lectures and a selection of the most relevant oral presentations. These proceedings offer a comprehensive account of the most impor tant topics discussed at the Institute. This book is intended to make the proceedings acces sible to a large audience. CONTENTS MECHANISMS INVOLVED IN FREE RADICAL REACTIONS 1. Iron in Free Radical Reactions and Antioxidant Protection ................. . John M. C. Gutteridge 2. Non-Chelation Dependent Redox Actions ofDesferrioxamine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Ben-Zhan Zhu, Ronit Har-E!, Nahum Kitrossky, and Mordechai Chevion 3. The Effects of Oxidative Stress on the Redox System of the Human Erythrocyte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 i. Hamdi Ogii;;, Mevhibe Balk, Yasemin Aksoy, Meltem Miiftiioglu, and NazmiOzer 4. Free Radicals as Reagents for Electron Transfer Processes in Proteins 39 I. Pecht and 0. Farver 5. Free Radical Mediated Oxidation of Proteins 51 Earl R. Stadtman 6. Nitric Oxide Regulation of Membrane and Lipoprotein Oxidation in the Vasculature: A Radical Hypothesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Bruce A. Freeman, Jason Eiserich, and Valerie O'Donnell 7. Apolipoprotein E Oxidation through Enzymes Localized into the Brain 79 B. Leininger-Muller, C. Jolivalt, R. Herber, P. Bertrand, and G. Siest 8. Flavonoid Radicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Wolf Bors, Christa Michel, Werner Heller, and Heinrich Sandermann, Jr. 9. The Molecular Mechanism oflnteraction ofHp with Metmyoglobin . . . . . . . . 93 2 Dimitrios Galaris, Stelianos Kokkoris, Joannis Toumpoulis, and Panagiotis Korantzopoulos 10. Are Free Radicals Involved in the Expression of Adhesion Molecules? . . . . . . . . 103 W. Sluiter, A. Pietersma, and J. F. Koster vii viii Contents FREE RADICALS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE 11. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Alteration ofF F -ATP Synthase in Aging 0 1 and Liver Regeneration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Ferruccio Guerrieri, Giovanna Pellecchia, and Sergio Papa 12. Free Radicals and Antioxidants in Physical Exercise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Jose Vifia, Miguel Asensi, Juan Sastre, Jose A. Ferrero, Emilio Servera, Amparo Gimeno, and Federico Pallard6 13. The Role of Free Radical Mediation of Protein Oxidation in Aging and Disease 131 Earl R. Stadtman 14. Oxidative Damage and Fibrosclerosis in Various Tissues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 Antonella Scavazza, Gabriella Leonarduzzi, Simonetta Camandola, Maurizio Parola, and Giuseppe Poli 15. The Role of Free Radicals in Ischemic Injury and the Precondition Status 151 J. F. Koster and W. Sluiter 16. Oxidative Damage and Reperfusion Syndrome in Human Liver Transplantation 157 Fiorella Biasi, Juan Cutrin, Elena Chiarpotto, Mauro Salizzoni, Alessandro Franchello, Fausto Zamboni, Elisabetta Cerutti, Roberto Pagni, Giacomo Lanfranco, Isabella Chiappino, and Giuseppe Poli 17. Pathophysiology of Cerebral Ischemia: Mechanisms Involved in Neuronal Damage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 Tomris Ozben 18. The Role of Free Radicals in NMDA and Glutamate Excitotoxicity . . . . . . . . . . 189 A. S. Yalym, Goncagiil Haklar, Belgin Kiiyiikkaya, Mera1 Yiiksel, and Hale Sayba~th 19. The Role of Oxidative Stress in the Pathological Sequelae of Alzheimer Disease 195 Mark A. Smith and George Perry 20. Brain Cytochrome Oxidase Activity and How It Relates to the Pathophysiology of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 F. Gonzalez-Lima, J. Valla, and A. Cada 21. The Role of Free Radicals Damage to the Optic Nerve and Vitreous after Ischemia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 E. Berenshtein, E. Banin, N. Kitrossky, M. Chevion, and J. Pe'er ANTIOXIDANTS 22. Mechanisms of Antioxidant Action 237 Enrique Cadenas 23. Repair Systems and Inducible Defenses against Oxidant Stress 253 Kelvin J. A. Davies 24. The "Push-Pull Mechanism": Protection against Site-Specific and Transition Metal-Mediated Damage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267 Mordechai Chevion, Ben-Zhan Zhu, and Eduard Berenshtein 25. Protective Effects of Superoxide Dismutase Related to Its Preferential Binding to Monocytes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 Ingrid Emerit, Jany Vassy, Frederic Garban, Paulo Filipe, and Joao Freitas 26. Ubiquinol: An Endogenous Lipid-Soluble Antioxidant in Animal Tissues . . . . . . 293 Patrik Andree, Gustav Dallner, and Lars Ernster 27. Lycopene and ~-Carotene: Bioavailability and Biological Effects 315 Helmut Sies and Wilhelm Stahl 28. Carotenoid Properties Define Primary Biological Actions and Metabolism Defines Secondary Biological Actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323 Norman I. Krinsky 29. Prevention of Atherosclerosis by a-Tocopherol in Smooth Muscle Cells by a Mechanism Involving Signal Transduction Modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333 Nesrin K. 6zer, Onder Sirikci, Suzan Taha, N. Kaya Engin, Daniel Boscoboinik, Sophie Clement, Achim Stocker, and Angelo Azzi 30. Potential Effects of Dietary Vitamin E in Laboratory Animal Diets on Results Obtained in Models of Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343 Hans-Anton Lehr, Peter Vajkoczy, and Michael D. Menger METHODOLOGY 31. EPR Spectroscopy of Phenolic Plant Antioxidants 363 Wolf Bors, Christa Michel, and Kurt Stettmaier 32. Clastogenic Factors as Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress: Their Usefulness for Evaluation of the Efficacy of Antioxidant Treatments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375 Ingrid Emerit 33. Chemiluminescence Measurements for the Detection of Free Radical Species 385 A. Siiha Yal.;m, Goncagiil Haklar, Belgin Kii.;iikkaya, Meral Yiiksel, and Goniil Dalaman Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391
The list of books you might like
