Table Of Content

Foundations of Ecological Resilience Foundations of Ecological Resilience edited by lance h. gunderson, craig r. allen, and c. s. holling Washington | Covelo | London Copyright © 2010 Island Press All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the publisher: Island Press, 1718 Connecticut Avenue NW, Suite 300, Washington, DC 20009, USA. Island Press is a trademark of The Center for Resource Economics. A list of permissions and original sources appears on pages 451–52. library of congress cataloging-in-publication data Foundations of ecological resilience / edited by Lance H. Gunderson, Craig R. Allen, and C.S. Holling. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN–13: 978–1–59726–510–2 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN–10: 1–59726–510–1 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN–13: 978–1–59726–511–9 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN–10: 1–59726–511–X (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Ecosystem management. 2. Ecosystem health. I. Gunderson, Lance H. II. Allen, Craig R. III. Holling, C. S. QH75.F68 2009 577¬dc22 2008048428 Printed on recycled, acid-free paper Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Keywords: ecological resilience, panarchy, perturbation, regime shift, resilience, resilience theory, threshold Contents xi Note from the Publisher xiii Introduction Why Resilience? Why Now? lance h. gunderson and craig r. allen 1 Part One Concepts and Theory 3 Commentary on Part One Articles craig r. allen, lance h. gunderson, and c. s. holling 19 Article 1 Resilience and Stability of Ecological Systems c. s. holling 51 Article 2 Engineering Resilience versus Ecological Resilience c. s. holling 67 Article 3 The Resilience of Terrestrial Ecosystems Local Surprise and Global Change c. s. holling 119 Article 4 Regime Shifts, Resilience, and Biodiversity in Ecosystem Management carl folke, steve carpenter, brian walker, marten scheffer, thomas elmqvist, lance gunderson, and c. s. holling 151 Article 5 Biological Diversity, Ecosystems, and the Human Scale carl folke, c. s. holling, and charles perrings 167 Article 6 Ecological Resilience, Biodiversity, and Scale garry peterson, craig r. allen, and c. s. holling 195 Part Two Ecological Examples 197 Commentary on Part Two Articles craig r. allen, lance h. gunderson, and c. s. holling 205 Article 7 Catastrophes, Phase Shifts, and Large-scale Degradation of a Caribbean Coral Reef terence p. hughes 221 Article 8 Sea Otters and Kelp Forests in Alaska Generality and Variation in a Community Ecological Paradigm james a. estes and david o. duggins 281 Article 9 Body Mass Patterns Predict Invasions and Extinctions in Transforming Landscapes craig r. allen, elizabeth a. forys, and c. s. holling 299 Part Three Empirics and Models 301 Commentary on Part Three Articles craig r. allen, lance h. gunderson, and c. s. holling 309 Article 10 Resource Science The Nurture of an Infant c. s. holling and a. d. chambers 331 Article 11 Lessons for Ecological Policy Design A Case Study of Ecosystem Management william c. clark, dixon d. jones, and c. s. holling 395 Article 12 Qualitative Analysis of Insect Outbreak Systems The Spruce Budworm and Forest d. ludwig, d. d. jones, and c. s. holling 423 Conclusion The Evolution of an Idea—the Past, Present, and Future of Ecological Resilience lance h. gunderson, c. s. holling, and craig r. allen 445 Selected Bibliography 451 Permissions and Original Sources 453 Index