Foundation IELTS Masterclass - Student's Book

175 Pages·98.017 MB·English

by  Thorner Nick, Rogers Louis.

Foundation
IELTS
Nick Thorner
MASTE~LASS
Louis Rogers
..,
tt
Nick Thorner
Louis Rogers
Foundation
IELTS
MASTE~LASS
Student's Book
OXFORD
UNIVERSITY PRESS
SPEAKING LISTENING WRITING
UNIT 1 Giving personal information Completing basic information p10 Describing trend data (Task 1) p12
EDUCATION & (Part 1) p8 Exam skills: Transcribing numbers Exam skills: Defining information in a
Exam skills: Extending responses and names diagram
LEARNING
Predicting missing information Describing key trends
Varying language 1
UNIT 2 Extended speaking (Part 2) p18 Completing tables p20 Comparing sets of data (Task 1) p22
HEALTH & Exam skills: Preparing for Speaking Part 2 Exam skills: Completing tables Exam skills: Comparing data
MEDICINE Analysing data
Key phrases: Linking words and phrases
UNIT3 Expressing opinions (Part 3) p28 Understanding agreement p30 Analysing essay questions (Task 2) p32
SOCIETY & FAMILY Exam skills: /t for giving opinions Exam skills: Answering multiple-choice Exam skills: Understanding essay
Key phrases: Responding to opinion questions questions
questions Answering matching questions Building an introduction
Key phrases: Agreeing and disagreeing Understanding thesis statements
UNIT 4 Describing cause and effect Completing sentences p40 Brainstorming ideas (Task 2) p42
POPULATION & (Part 2) p38 Exam skills: Finding key words Exam skills: Analysing solution questions
THE ENVIRONMENT Exam skills: Connecting causes and Brainstorming essay ideas
effects
UNIT 5 Structuring responses (Part 1 & 3) p48 Labelling plans and maps pSO From brainstorm to plan (Task 2) p52
CULTURE & Exam skills: Extending responses 2 Exam skills: Completing plans and Exam skills: Planning an essay
ENTERTAINMENT Predicting Part 1 and Part 3 questions maps
UNIT 6 Varying language (Part 2) p58 Completing notes p60 From plan to topic sentences
CAREERS & Exam skills: Varying language 2 Exam skills: Completing notes from a (Task 2) p62
recording Exam skills: Writing topic sentences from
SUCCESS
plans
UNIT7 Adding detail to descriptions Labelling diagrams p70 From topic sentence to paragraph
NATURE & BIOLOGY (Parts 1 & 2) p68 Exam skills: Predicting content (Task 2) p72
Exam skills: Remembering details Transcribing compound nouns Exam skills: Writing structured
Key phrases: Location and direction paragraphs
UNIT 8 Recognizing question types Choosing options from lists p80 Connecting ideas (Task 2) p82
PRODUCERS & (Part 3) p78 Exam skills: Choosing multiple items Exam skills: Structuring discussion essays
CONSUMERS Exam skills: Recognizing question types in a list Writing topic sentences for
Key phrases: Responses to different discussion essays
question types Key phrases: Linking words and phrases
UNIT 9 Narrating (Part 2) p88 Understanding connected Conclusions (Task 2) p92
MEDIA & TRAVEL Exam skills: Using sequencing markers speech p90 Exam skills: Writing conclusions
Exam skills: Separating connected
speech
UNIT 10 Comparing past and present Following exam instructions p 70 0 Describing processes (Task 1) p702
SCIENCE & (Part 3) p98 Exam skills: Avoiding common errors Exam skills: Summarizing a process
PROGRESS Exam skills: Avoiding common errors Key phrases: Discussing effects Checking for common errors
Key phrases: Sequencing words
INFORMATION FILE p707 GRAMMAR FILE pl 13 VOCABULARY FILE p727 STUDY SKILLS FILE p737
2
CONTENTS
READING GRAMMAR VOCABULARY STUDY SKILLS &
with references to the with references to the EXAM CHALLENGE
Grammar file (GF) Vocabulary file (VF)
Multiple choice p14 Gerunds and infinitives p9 GF p116 School and university subjects p8 Setting exam objectives pl 1
Exam skills: Understanding differences First conditional p16 GF p117 VF p121 Exam challenge p16
in multiple-choice options Synonyms p10 VF p721
Using stems in multiple-choice Trends p13 VF p121
questions
Sentence completion p24 Time clauses p19 GFp117 Adjectives p18 VF p122 Recording word knowledge p21
Exam skills: Understanding difficult Comparisons with more I fewer I less Word formation p21 VF p122 Exam challenge p26
words and than p22 GF pl 14 Suffixes p24 VF p 122
Short answer questions p34 It for giving reasons p29 GF pl 13 Social issues p28 VF p 123 Time management p31
Exam skills: Scanning Expressions with prepositions p34 Exam challenge p36
VF p123
Matching information p44 Too much I many, there is I are p39 Population problems and Studying in groups p41
Exam skills: Predicting text GF pl 14 solutions p38 VF p124 Exam challenge p46
organization Could and would p42 GF p118 Environmental problems p40
Matching phrases VF p124
Key phrases: Evaluating solutions Verbs describing change p43
VF p124
Matching information and Adverbs p48 GF pl 15 Types of book p49 VFp125 Prioritizing vocabulary learning p51
features p54 Entertainment facilities pSO VF p125 Exam challenge p56
Exam skills: Locating information Verbs for positive effects p53
Locating and matching opinions VF p125
Examples, reasons, effects pSS
VF p125
Matching headings p64 Second conditional p59 Character adjectives and nouns p58 Learning vocabulary p61
Exam skills: Matching headings with GF p118 VF p126 Exam challenge p66
paragraphs Linkers: is I is that p63 GF p116 Working conditions p60 VF p126
Academic ideas p63 VF p126
Factors for success p65 VF p 126
True I False I Not Given p74 'Empty' subjects p68 GF p113 Weather p68 VF p127 Practising independently p 71
Exam skills: Answering True I False I Adverbs of degree p69 GF p116 Compound nouns p70 VF p127 Exam challenge p76
Not Given questions Zero conditional for causes and Natural threats p72 VF p127
effects p73 GF pll 7
Pronoun referents p75 GF pl 13
Summary completion p84 Modal verbs of ability p85 GFp118 Consumer products p78 VF p128 Dealing with test-related stress p81
Exam skills: Reading for the main idea Money and value p80 VF p128 Exam challenge p86
Completing summaries
Yes I No I Not Given p94 Past simple and past continuous p89 Events in the news p88 VF p 129 Using resources p91
Exam skills: Understanding Yes I No I GF p119 City sights p90 VF p 129 Exam challenge p96
Not Given questions Compounds: media p92 VF p129
Advertising p94 VF p729
Labelling p104 Used to p99 GF p119 Areas of progress p98 VF p 130 Using online study resources p101
Exam skills: Labelling graphics Can and may for possibility p100 Scientific words p 104 VF p 130 Exam challenge p106
GF p118
Passives for a process p102 GF p120
WRITING FILE p136 EXAM TIPS p145 IELTS PRACTICE TEST p149 AUDIOSCRIPT p164
CONTENTS 3
GUIDE TO THE IELTS EXAM
IELTS is divided into four modules, taken in the order below
.~l.$.J~.0.!.0.9.
(30 minutes)
The recording for each of the four sections is played once only. The sections become progressively more difficult. In each
section you need to answer a series of questions of one type.
Section Number of items Text type Task types
1 10 Conversation in a social context completing notes, table, sentences, diagram,
(2 speakers) flow chart or summary
2 10 Talk or speech in a social context short-answer questions
(1 speaker) multiple-choice questions
............................. ........................................................ ......................................
labelling parts of a diagram
3 10 Conversation in an educational context
(2-4 speakers) matching lists
sentence completion
4 10 Talk or lecture on an academic topic
(1 speaker)
....
.A.~.9..9.~.r.D.I~ R~.9..9.i.0.9.
(60 minutes)
The three passages contain 2,000-2,750 words in total and become progressively more difficult. The texts are suitable for
non-specialist readers. If technical terms are used, they are explained in a glossary.
Passage Number of items Text type Task types
............................. ........................................................ .................................
1 11-15 topics of general interest multiple-choice questions
2 11-15 authentic articles or extracts from books, short-answer questions
journals, magazines and newspapers sentence completion
3 11-15
at least one has detailed logical argument classification
matching headings
completing notes, table, sentences,
diagram, flow chart
summary completion
matching lists I phrases
locating information in paragraphs
true I false I not given
yes I no I not given
4
GUIDE TO THE IELTS EXAM
.. .. VYr.!.t.!.0.9.
A.~.9 Q.~.rrJ.!.~
(60 minutes)
There is no choice of task, either in Part 1 or Part 2. You must be prepared to write about any topic. The topics will be of
general interest and they do not require expert knowledge.
Task Time Format Task types
20 minutes 150-word report describing or explaining a Presenting information based on:
table or diagram data, e.g. bar chart, line graph, table
a process I procedure in various stages
an object, event or series of events
.......................................................................................................................
2 40 minutes 250-word essay responding to a written Presenting and/or discussing:
opinion I problem your opinions
solutions to problems
evidence, opinions and implications
ideas or arguments
.$.P.~.9. .k .!.0.9.
(11-14 minutes)
You will be interviewed on your own by one examiner. The conversation will be recorded. The three-part structure of the
exam is always the same but the topics will vary from candidate to candidate.
Part Time Format Task types
4-5 minutes introduction and ID check familiar discussion
answer questions on familiar topics, e.g. your
home, studies, etc.
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
2 3-4 minutes you are given a task verbally and a card with extended speaking
prompts
you have a minute to prepare your talk
speak for 1-2 minutes
answer 1 or 2 follow-up questions
3 4-5 minutes answer verbal questions about more abstract topic discussion
ideas relating to the topic in Part 2
5
GUIDE TO THE IELTS EXAM
GUIDE TO THE STUDENT'S BOOK
0
UNITS SU PP LEM ENTARY
SECTION
Education & learning .,.. Ten topic-based units
.,.. Introduction page at the start
of each unit gets you thinking
and talking about the unit
topic.
.,.. Four skills sections in each unit.
INFORMATION FILE
_
·--·- __
... _ .... .,._............. .. ,....,-_,,..,,, .... .. ... . _.._,,._,.,.,, ,,,..,.. .,., .. ~, _,,
.,.
Jl pleasvre to learn
! ______. .. ._,._,.
L=.......l... _.-.-,,~., f'. ,o.,._.,P ,~ ._<;.~.__~ . ... ._. __. ._ _. .~.. ...... -. _-._.. . -~- ,;;~:.~~§... ~
, ....... --~--~-' !!=.:.·..:;.:::;,~~~ Sections at the back of the book provide
--------- essential support and practice activities.
Describing trend data ,,_ , ...
1---1- 1=- I· I- INFORMATION FILE for activities in the units.
__! _'I'_ . ...... _ ........ - .. -~-_-~ ---- GRAMMAR FILE with notes and exercises to review
LISTENING IC ompleting basic mformat1on ___.... _ ,..._,, ,.._ ....... ..... __.... _ _ _ _ VanOdC dAeBvUeLloApR gYra FmILmE awr iitnh eeaxcehrc uisneist. to review and
,, -.....-..... -..,- _-·-,.. ....-. , --,_,_~ _,--,,..,_.. ,. , . .. ...... __ SbuTiUldD oYn S vKoILcLaSb uFlIaLrEy wini teha achc tiuvnitiite. s to help you
..,..,__, prepare for the exam more effectively.
SPEAKING I G1v1ng personal 1nformat1on 1. ..... ,.... J
""""""'-----H WRITING FILE with notes, model answers and sample
,G..," um.... m _oc-_ _·_-_ ,_... ... answer improvement activities.
'' """'" ~- EXAM TIPS a complete list of tips covered in
--
the units.
----------..
____ .. ,',' _--..,__,,·., _ ,.__~._,.9 - ,.·_.-.__>_.__.. ,..-.-_ ..._ ...._ . . . ._._ . --.._- ._ ,_,__- ".,._.-_. -._.._.,_ -_,_- .._.. _.__" .. _. . , -. ._,"._ _ __..... "._._. , ._..._.~, - ______..._- ~,_ ' _._ -._..-_,.,.,_.._ . .. . _ _ -==:..i.:..'-·":·:-::-':E·-~:::-:'""" '" ',' ,:-:·-,__: :-_= .:··._-.=. .- _·.·.·,:=-..·:-..:_.; _..:-...." ,.:-.:..-...:._. -_..' :._·:.:: .--_'_:· .f-:., !...-:._ ...;_ -._.'...· ·,. .-, ; ;-_:..._-~::_::-._::-- _·.-. 8 PRACTIELITSC PRACETICE TETST EST
f• f;:;;, f;;., f:;;... ____ __
_.., _,,,,,,,,_,.
ff~--~
- ___
,,
List of aims for Listen to advice about IELTS _____ _
each section exam tasks in the Exam tip _,,, .....
L
.,.. Exam skills and Exam practice in each skills section train you for tasks
in the IELTS exam .
.,.. Exam challenge activities at the end of each unit get you to put your
exam training into practice with corresponding task types in the IELTS
Practice test. Full IELTS Practice test on pages 149-163.
6
GUIDE TO THE STUDENT'S BOOK
UNIT 1 Education & learning
Wh.?t ...9 .. .t.b..i.n.k?..
.9 ... Y.9q ___
Why can more young people read and write than adults?
2 Why is it becoming increasingly important for people to enrol in higher education?
3 What is the best teacher to student ratio? Why?
4 Why do some students go to other countries to study?
5 What age should children be allowed to leave school? Why?
7
SPEAKING Giving personal information
EXAM FOCUS: PART 1
extend responses
use gerunds and infinitives
speak about school and
.. university subjects Read the passage about Finland's school system. Underline parts that are similar to
schools in your country. Circle parts that are different .
Pupils from Finnish schools gain some of the highest grades in the world in reading,
mathematics, and sciences. Children do not start school until the age of seven and
primary school and secondary school are combined, so pupils do not change school
until they are sixteen. The school system uses the same curriculum for everyone
for the first nine years. Most schools are state schools, run by the government, and
very few private fee-paying schools exist. Every pupil studies the same compulsory
subjects: Finnish, the country's other official language (Swedish), one foreign language,
mathematics, natural sciences, history, social studies, religion or ethics, health education,
music; they also do arts and crafts, home economics, and physical education. When
they are sixteen, pupils are separated into an academic stream (traditional school
subjects) and a vocational stream (practical work-based subjects) for their last three
years of schooling. About 50% go into each stream. Apart from that, there are no special
classes for talented pupils. In fact, formal grades (e.g. A, B, C, or percentages) are not
given until high school. The environment is relaxed: pupils don't have to do much
homework and they don't do compulsory exams until they are at least seventeen.
2 Which parts of Finland's school system do you think are the best?
V9..~.9..9..~J9.r.y VOCABULARY FILE » page 121
School and university subjects 3 Complete questions 1-8 with the words in bold from the text in exercise 1.
1 Does everyone follow the same in all schools in your country?
2 What subjects are for all students at school in your country?
3 At what age do you move from .......................................................... to ......................................................... ?
4 Did you go to a ........................................................ or ......................................................... school?
5 Do you have an ......................................................... stream and a ........................................................ stream?
6 Are students put in a higher class?
7 Do teachers give a lot of .......................................................... each day?
8 When do you take compulsory ?
4 Choose four questions from exercise 3 to ask a partner.
5 Which of the subjects below are studied at university and which are studied at both
university and school? Write U (university) or UIS (university/school).
psychology geology chemistry geography literature biology
medicine engineering economics physics management history
'4»
6 1.1 Listen to three students talking about their favourite subjects. Which subjects in
exercise 5 does each student mention?
'4»
7 1.2 Look at the examples of word stress in the table below. Listen again and add the
other subjects in exercise 5 to the table.
• • •• •••
• • • • • •
literature geology physics engineering
8
UNIT 1 EDUCATION & LEARNING
8 Tell a partner about your favourite subjects and why you like I liked them.
At school I loved chemistry because I enjoyed the experiments.
Grammar
GRAMMAR FILE » page 116
'4»1 .3
Gerunds and infinitives 9 Listen to six sentences. Tick which time each one refers to.
Past Present Future 4 Past Present ... Future
2 Past Present....... Future ... 5 Past ... Present Future ...
3 Past Present.... Future 6 Past Present .... Future
'4»1 .4
1 O Listen again and complete sentences 1-6.
1 I ......................................................... sciences .
2 1. ....................................................... . ................................................................................................................... medicine.
3 .......................................................... ......................................................... vocational subjects.
4 ............................................................................................................................................................................ into business.
5 I .......................................................... psychology.
6 1. ...................................................... . ....................................................... in general.
11 Write sentences about your education using the table below. Use the colour coding to
help you.
Example: I hope to study engineering at university.
I enjoy{ed) studying I to study lit~r~t.u._r.~'..e.~.~i~e.e.r.i.~~. .. ~t~: ............................................................. .
I prefer(red) going I to go to university I school
I didn't like ................................................................ '' ....................................................
I hate(d) ge,~~i~.~.!..~?.. . ~~t···· ........ .~ .?.?..?.w~?~s. i~.~~~1i.5.~./.r:ri.~~.~5. ...................................... .
I'd like physical education, arts and crafts, homework, exams
doing I to do
I hope
12 Repeat your sentences from exercise 11 in groups. Comment on each other's ideas.
0i·
I hope to study engineering at university. me too. ) Really? I'd like to study literature.
Exam skills
Extending responses 1 13 Look at the question and the responses of two candidates. Which response shows the
candidate's language ability better? Why?
Examiner What do you enjoy learning about?
Candidate 1 I like learning about history.
Candidate 2 Well, I like learning about history. Actually, I hated it at school because it was
EXAM TIP '4»1.s difficult, but now I really enjoy reading about the past.
14 Think how to extend responses 1-4. Then tell a partner.
Jn Speaking Part 1, the examiner asks
questions about your life. Give full 1 I enjoyed going to school ...
responses and show you can use a 2 I hated preparing for exams ...
variety of language. How long should
3 We studied many compulsory subjects at school ...
each response be?» page 145
4 I hope to go to university ...
15 Work with a partner and take turns. Student A, go to page 107. Student B, go to
page 111.
UNIT 1 EDUCATION & LEARNING 9