Forms, Folds and Sizes, Second Edition: All the Details Graphic Designers Need to Know but Can Never Find

337 Pages·2009·106.01 MB·English

by  Aaris Sherin

COND 01 10
POppy EVANS AND AARIS SHERIN
F O R M S
F O L D S
S I Z E S
SECOND EDITION
© 2008, 2011 by Rockport Publishers,lnc.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without
written permission of the copyright owners. All images in this book have been
reproduced with the knowledge and prior consent of the artists concerned, and
no responsibility is accepted by producer, publisher, or printer for any infringement
of copyright or otherwise, arising from the contents of this publication. Every effort
has been made to ensure that credits accurately comply with information supplied.
We apologize for any inaccuracies that may have occurred and will resolve inaccurate
or missing information in a subsequent reprinting of the book.
First published in the United States of America by
Rockport Publishers, a member of
Quayside Publishing Group
100 Cummings Center
Suite 406-L
Beverly, Massachusetts 01915-6101
Telephone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
www.rockpub.com
Digital edition: 978-1-61673-654-5
Softcover edition: 978-1-59253-461-6
The Library of Congress has cataloged the earlier edition as follows:
Evans, Poppy
Forms, folds, and sizes: all the details graphic designers need to know but can
neverfind / Poppy Evans.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN 1-59253-054-0 (vinyl)
1. Printing-Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Graphic design (Typography)
Handbooks,
manuals, etc. 3. Packaging-Handbooks, manuals, etc. 4. Shippers' guides. I.
Title.
Z244.3.E83 2004
686.2-dc22
2003026487
CIP
ISBN-13: 978-1-59253-461-6
ISBN-10: 1-59253-461-9
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Interior Design: Peter King & Company
Page Layout: Rockport Publishers
Cover Design: Rockport Publishers
Printed in China
ALL THE DETAILS
GRAPHIC DESIGNERS NEED TO KNOW
BUT CAN NEVER FIND
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POPPY EVANS AND AARIS SHERIN
o Contents
7 INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 6: NEW
58 GRID DESIGN BASICS
CHAPTER 1:
8 MEASUREMENT CONVERSION CHARTS 58 Types of Grids
59 Anatomy of a Grid
8 Millimeters, Points, and Picas to Inches
59 Working with Grids
8 Inch Decimals to Inch Fractions
64 Typographic Unit Grids
9 Conversion Formulas
65 Composite Grids
9 Metric to Imperial Equivalents
66 Modular Grids
CHAPTER 2: 67 Hierarchical Grids
10 COPYRIGHT AND TRADEMARK
STANDARDS CHAPTER 7:
68 PAPER
10 Copyright
10 Public Domain 68 North American Sheet Sizes
11 Transferring Rights 69 International, or ISO, Sheet Sizes
11 Trademarks and Service Marks 72 Basis Weight Equivalents
73 Grammage
CHAPTER 3:
74 Caliper, Bulk, and PPI
12 PROOFREADING AND COPYWRITING
75 Basis Weight/Caliper Equivalents
76 Finishes
12 Proofreaders' Symbols
13 Footnotes 76 Grain
78 Paper Estimator
13 Abbreviation Guide
79 Paper Usage Guide
18 Number and Numeral Usage
CHAPTER 4:
CHAPTER 8:
20 IMAGING AND COLOR
80 BINDINGS AND FOLDS
20 Image File Formats 80 Standard Binding Types
20 Photographic Options 82 Which Binding Method Works Best?
21 Standard Camera Formats and Sizes 83 Common Fold Styles
22 Halftone Screens 84 Paper Grain and Folding
24 Tint Values for Halftone Screens 85 Tolerances for Gatefolds, Barrel, or
25 Duotones Roll Folds
26 Finding the Best Scanning Resolution
27 Scaling an Image
CHAPTER 9:
86 ENVELOPES AND FOLDERS
CHAPTER 5:
86 Envelope Construction
28 TYPE
87 Standard Envelope Styles and Sizes
28 Type Basics and Terminology 88 Window Size and Position
28 Categorizing Typefaces 91 International Envelope Sizes
29 Serif and Sans Serif 92 Printing Considerations for Envelopes
31 Measuring Type 93 Pocket Folder Styles
33 Type Guide 97 Printing Considerations for Pocket
34 Ways to Identify Typefaces Folders
35 Text Typefaces
CHAPTER 10: 155 Glossy versus Matte Finishes
98 PACKAGING STYLES 157 Proofing Methods
98 Tray-Style Cartons
CHAPTER 14: NEW
101 Basic Tube-Style Cartons
158 GREENING GRAPHIC DESIGN
102 Basic Closure Types
106 Folders, Sleeves, and Other Types 158 The Shift Toward Sustainable Practice
of Folding Cartons 160 Sustainable Materials and Production
111 Set-up Boxes for Print Design
116 Common Styles of Stock Plastic 162 Sustainable Vocabulary
Containers 164 Fiber Sourcing and Paper Production
120 Paper Bags 165 Chain of Custody
166 Certifications
122 Plastic Bags
169 Paper Production
170 Recycled Paper
CHAPTER 11:
172 Paper from Mixed Sources
124 POSTAL STANDARDS
174 Printing
124 General Mail Classifications and 178 Guide to Environmentally Friendly
Requirements Papers
126 Size Requirements for Flat Mail
128 Postcard Paper Stock Requirements CHAPTER 15: NEW
128 Thickness Requirements for Flat Mail 180 ONLINE DESIGN
128 Size Requirements for Packages
180 Website Basics
128 Rate Classifications and Delivery Time
183 Web Design Software
for Domestic Mail
184 The World Wide Web Consortium
129 Package Standards for Mailing
185 Creating a Website
131 Extra USPS Services
1
187 Websafe Color Palette
133 Mail Piece Design Expertise
188 Using Images Online
137 Postal Websites
190 Typography on the Web
193 Working with Levels of Hierarchy
CHAPTER 12:
194 Building Websites
140 BAR CODE STANDARDS
140 General Standards for UPC Bar Codes CHAPTER 16: NEW
141 Guide to Color-Correct Bar Coding 206 CORE DESIGN JOBS
142 Reflectance Values of Four-Color
206 Websites
Combinations on Uncoated Stock
208 Identity Design and Logos
212 Brochures
CHAPTER 13:
215 Package Design
146 PRINTING AND FINISHING
146 General Guide to Printing Processes
218 GLOSSARY
149 Trapping Tolerances
234 RECOMMENDED READING
150 Types of Offset Lithography
238 PROCESS COLOR FINDER
154 Offset Inks
154 Varnishes and Protective Liquid 328 INDEX
Coatings
340 ABOUT THE AUTHORS

o Introduction
Graphic designers and others responsible for preparing printed materials
frequently refer to a variety of diagrams, swatches, templates, conversion
tables, and other resources that help them do their job. However, few
designers have all the resources they need at their fingertips. Those who
work independently, or in small studio environments, often find themselves
wasting time searching the Web or seeking out other sources for the infor
mation they need. Others in large studio or agency environments may have
access to a vast library of resources but find themselves spending just
as much time looking through volumes of materials before they find the
information they need.
Forms, Folds, and Sizes is a compilation of essential information-a reference
manual that provides designers with information they need on a daily basis,
from consulting a library of type samples, to identifying a specific font, to
checking the style and dimensions of a specific type of envelope, to under
standing when it is appropriate to abbreviate a state or country name in the
acceptable format. There's even a bibliography at the end of the book
to help, if additional information is needed.
Forms, Folds, and Sizes was created to answer the questions that designers
ask most often and to deliver this information in a concise, understandable,
and easy-to-access way. No frills, no excess-just bottom-line information to
help you produce your projects.
7
o Chapter 1: Measurement Conversion Charts
MILLIMETERS, POINTS, AND PICAS TO INCHES
mm points picas inches
1.586 4.513 0.375 V16
3.175 9.034 0.75 %
4.763 13.552 1.125 0/16
6.35 18.068 1.5 %
7.938 22.586 1.875 0/16
9.525 27.101 2.25 %
11.113 31.620 2.635
7116
12.7 36.135 3.011 Y2
14.288 40.653 3.388
%6
15.875 45.169 3.764 %
17.463 49.687 4.140
1%6
19.050 54.203 4.517 %
21.638 61.566 5.130 13
116
22.225 63.236 5.270 %
23.813 67.755 5.646
1%6
25.4 72.27 6.022 1 inch
INCH DECIMALS TO INCH FRACTIONS
decimals fractions decimals fractions
0.063 1/16 0.531
17/32
0.094 3/32 0.563 9116
0.125 1/8 0.594 19/
32
0.156 5/32 0.625 %
0.188 3/16 0.656 2%2
0.219 7/32 0.688
1V16
0.250 1/4 0.719
2%2
0.281 9/32 0.75 %
0.313 5/16 0.781 25/
32
0.344 11/32 0.813 13
116
0.375 3/8 0.844 27/32
0.406 13/32 0.875 %
0.438 7/16 0.906 29/
32
0.469 15/32 0.938 1%6
0.5 1/2 0.969 3%2
1.000 1 inch
8 FORMS, FOLDS, AND SIZES
CONVERSION FORMULAS
1 inch 2.54 centimeters 1 square (sq.) inch 6.45 sq. centimeters
25.4 millimeters
1 sq. centimeter 0.16 sq. inch
72.27 points
6.0225 picas
1 sq. foot 0.09 sq. meter
1 1 foot 30.5 centimeters
1 sq. meter 10.8 sq. feet
1 yard 0.9 meter
1 sq. yard 0.8 sq. meter
1 meter 1.1 yards
1 sq. meter 1.2 sq. yards
I-
1 centimeter 0.03 foot
1 pound 0.45 kilogram
0.4 inch
I 1 kilogram 2.2 pounds
1 millimeter 0.0394 inch
2.8453 points
1 ounce 28.4 grams
0.2371 pica
1 gram 0.04 ounce
1 point 0.0138 inch
0.08335 pica
0.3515 millimeter
1 pica 0.166 inch
4.2175 millimeters
12 points
METRIC TO IMPERIAL EQU IVALENTS
25.4 millimeters 1 inch
304.8 millimeters 1 foot
914.4 millimeters 1 yard
9