Foreign Intervention in Africa: From the Cold War to the War on Terror PDF
Preview Foreign Intervention in Africa: From the Cold War to the War on Terror
more information - www.cambridge.org/9780521882385 Foreign Intervention in Africa ForeignInterventioninAfricachroniclestheforeignpoliticalandmilitaryinter- ventions in Africa during the periods of decolonization (1956–75) and the Cold War (1945–91), as well as during the periods of state collapse (1991– 2001)andthe“globalwaronterror”(2001–10).Inthefirsttwoperiods,the most significant intervention was extracontinental. The United States, the SovietUnion,China,Cuba,andtheformercolonialpowersentangledthem- selvesincountlessAfricanconflicts.Duringtheperiodofstatecollapse,the mostconsequentialinterventionswereintracontinental.Africangovernments, sometimesassistedbypowersoutsidethecontinent,supportedwarlords,dic- tators,anddissidentmovementsinneighboringcountriesandfoughtforcon- troloftheirneighbors’resources.Theglobalwaronterror,liketheColdWar, increasedtheforeignmilitarypresenceontheAfricancontinentandgenerated externalsupportforrepressivegovernments.Ineachofthesecases,external interests altered the dynamics of internal struggles, escalating local conflicts intolargerconflagrations,withdevastatingeffectsonAfricanpeoples. ElizabethSchmidtisProfessorofHistoryatLoyolaUniversityMaryland.She is the author of Cold War and Decolonization in Guinea, 1946–1958 (2007), which received the African Politics Conference Group’s 2008 Best Book Award,andMobilizingtheMasses:Gender,Ethnicity,andClassintheNational- istMovementinGuinea,1939–1958(2005),whichreceivedAlphaSigmaNu’s bookawardforhistoryin2008.Her1992book,Peasants,Traders,andWives: Shona Women in the History of Zimbabwe, 1870–1939, was awarded a special mentionintheAlphaSigmaNubookcompetitionforhistory,wasafinalist for the African Studies Association’s Herskovits Award, and was named by Choicean“OutstandingAcademicBookfor1994.” New Approaches to African History SeriesEditor MartinKlein,UniversityofToronto EditorialAdvisors: WilliamBeinart,UniversityofOxford MamadouDiouf,ColumbiaUniversity WilliamFreund,UniversityofKwaZulu-Natal SandraE.Greene,CornellUniversity RayKea,UniversityofCalifornia,Riverside DavidNewbury,SmithCollege New Approaches to African History is designed to introduce students to cur- rent findings and new ideas in African history. Although each book treats a particular case, and is able to stand alone, the format allows the studies to beusedasmodulesingeneralcoursesonAfricanhistoryandworldhistory. Thecasesrepresentawiderangeoftopics.Eachvolumesummarizesthestate of knowledge on a particular subject for a student who is new to the field. However,theaimisnotsimplytopresentviewsoftheliterature,itisalsoto introduce debates on historiographical or substantive issues and may argue foraparticularpointofview.Theaimoftheseriesistostimulatedebate,to challenge students and general readers. The series is not committed to any particularschoolofthought. OtherBooksintheSeries: 1. Africasince1940,byFrederickCooper 2. MuslimSocietiesinAfricanHistory,byDavidRobinson 3. ReversingSail:AHistoryoftheAfricanDiaspora,byMichaelGomez 4. TheAfricanCity:AHistory,byWilliamFreund 5. WarfareinIndependentAfrica,byWilliamReno 6. WarfareinAfricanHistory,byRichardJ.Reid Foreign Intervention in Africa From the Cold War to the War on Terror Elizabeth Schmidt LoyolaUniversityMaryland Foreword by William Minter cambridgeuniversitypress Cambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown, Singapore,Sa˜oPaulo,Delhi,MexicoCity CambridgeUniversityPress 32AvenueoftheAmericas,NewYork,ny10013-2473,usa www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9780521709033 (cid:2)C ElizabethSchmidt2013 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2013 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica AcatalogrecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData Schmidt,Elizabeth,1955–author. ForeigninterventioninAfrica:fromtheColdWartotheWaronTerror/Elizabeth Schmidt,LoyolaUniversityMaryland. pagescm.–(NewapproachestoAfricanhistory;7) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. isbn978-0-521-88238-5(hardback)–isbn978-0-521-70903-3(paperback) 1.Africa–Foreignrelations. 2.Africa–Politicsandgovernment. 3.Africa– Foreigneconomicrelations. 4.Insurgency–Africa–History. I.Title. dt31.s32 2013 327.6009(cid:3)045–dc23 2012035195 isbn978-0-521-88238-5Hardback isbn978-0-521-70903-3Paperback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyof urlsforexternalorthird-partyInternetWebsitesreferredtointhispublicationand doesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchWebsitesis,orwillremain,accurateor appropriate. Coverphotograph:AngolansoldierwithSoviet-madeAK-47Kalashnikovsubmachine gun,guardingSoviet-madeground-to-airmissilesnearCuitoCuanavale,Angola, February29,1988(PascalGuyot/AFP/GettyImages) Contents illustrations pageix acknowledgments xi forewordbywilliamminter xiii abbreviations xvii 1 Introduction 18 1 Nationalism,Decolonization,andtheColdWar,1945–1991 2 EgyptandAlgeria:RadicalNationalism,Nonalignment,and 35 ExternalInterventioninNorthAfrica,1952–1973 57 3 TheCongoCrisis,1960–1965 4 WarandDecolonizationinPortugal’sAfricanEmpire, 79 1961–1975 103 5 White-MinorityRuleinSouthernAfrica,1960–1990 143 6 ConflictintheHorn,1952–1993 165 7 France’sPrivateAfricanDomain,1947–1991 193 8 FromtheColdWartotheWaronTerror,1991–2010 227 Conclusion index 231 vii
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