Foreign Aid and Landmine Clearance: Governance, Politics and Security in Afghanistan, Bosnia and Sudan (International Library of Postwar Reconstruction & Development, 7) PDF
Preview Foreign Aid and Landmine Clearance: Governance, Politics and Security in Afghanistan, Bosnia and Sudan (International Library of Postwar Reconstruction & Development, 7)
Matthew Bolton has worked for seven years on issues of humanitarianism in conflict, as an aid worker, freelance writer and academic. His career has taken him to many countries including Iraq, Afghanistan, Bosnia and Sudan. He has a PhD in Government from the London School of Economics and is the author of Apostle of the Poor: The Life and Work of Missionary and Humanitarian Charles D. Neff. I L P - NTERNATIONAL IBRARY OF OST WAR R D ECONSTRUCTION AND EVELOPMENT Series ISBN: 978 1 84885 216 7 See www.ibtauris.com/ILPRD for a full list of titles Series Editor: Sultan Barakat, Director, Post-war Reconstruction and Development Unit, The University of York, UK Though conflict has been the focus of much academic attention, the processes of recovering from war and conflict have been little studied. Confusion still exists as to whether post-war reconstruction is concerned with relief or development, with physical rebuilding, economic recovery, social reintegration or political reconstruction. The result is an all too frequent fragmentation and waste of effort on the ground. An understanding of the need to plan and integrate the many different activities for reconstruction and recovery within a shared vision is therefore crucial. The International Library of Post-war Reconstruction and Development will set out a conceptual and strategic framework for post-war reconstruction practice, at the same time examining and illustrating specific aspects of practice for those working in the field or training to do so. The series will also act as a focus for a continuing dialogue between academics and practitioners at the forefront of developing the discipline. Published and forthcoming titles in the series: 1. Disaster Management and Civil 4. Palestinians in the Lebanon: Long-term Society: Earthquake Relief in Japan, Displacement and Refugee Coping Mechanisms Turkey and India Rebecca Roberts Alpaslan Özerdem and 978 1 84511 971 3 Tim Jacoby 5. Ethnicity and Conflict: 978 1 84511 053 6 Cultural Identity and Post-war Reconstruction Rob Aitken 2. Violence and Post-war Reconstruction: 978 1 84511 463 3 Managing Insecurity in the Aftermath of Peace Accords 6. Policy Transfer in Post-war Reconstruction Christina Steenkamp Sultan Barakat and Mark Evans 978 1 84511 769 6 978 1 84885 073 6 3. Post-war Recovery: 7. Foreign Aid and Landmine Clearance: Disarmament, Demobilization Governance, Politics and Security in and Reintegration Afghanistan, Bosnia and Sudan Alpaslan Özerdem Matthew Bolton 978 1 84511 461 9 978 1 84885 160 3 FOREIGN AID AND LANDMINE CLEARANCE Governance, Politics and Security in Afghanistan, Bosnia and Sudan MATTHEW BOLTON Published in 2010 by I.B.Tauris & Co Ltd 6 Salem Road, London W2 4BU 175 Fifth Avenue, New York NY 10010 www.ibtauris.com Distributed in the United States and Canada Exclusively by Palgrave Macmillan 175 Fifth Avenue, New York NY 10010 Copyright © 2010 Matthew Bolton The right of Matthew Bolton to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by the author in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patent Act 1988. All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or any part thereof, may not be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. International Library of Postwar Reconstruction and Development 7 ISBN 978 1 84885 160 3 A full CIP record for this book is available from the British Library A full CIP record for this book is available from the Library of Congress Library of Congress catalog card: available Printed and bound in India by Replika Press Pvt Ltd. Camera-ready copy edited and supplied by the author To the deminers, who risk life and limb, so that others might live. ‘…if any one saved a life, it would be as if he saved the life of the whole people…’ – Al-Qu’ran 5:32 CONTENTS Abbreviations ix Acknowledgements xiii Introduction 1 1. A Political History of Mine Action 12 2. The New Complexes Governing Insecurity 34 3. Donor Policymaking in the US and Norway 61 4. Implementation in Afghanistan, Bosnia and Sudan 90 5. Comparing the Performance of Tenders and Grants 117 6. Impact on Peacebuilding 146 Conclusion and Reflections 173 Photographs 188 Notes 194 Select Bibliography 236 Interviews 249 Index 257 ABBREVIATIONS 9/11 September 11, 2001 ACBL Afghan Campaign to Ban Landmines ADG Afghan Demining Group AFRICOM US Africa Command AFSC American Friends Service Committee AMAC Area Mine Action Center (Afghanistan) ANC African National Congress (South Africa) ATC Afghan Technical Consultants BAC Battle Area Clearance BHMAC Bosnia and Herzegovina Mine Action Center CBHA USAID Cross-Border Humanitarian Assistance Program for Afghanistan CCW Convention on Conventional Weapons CIA Central Intelligence Agency (USA) CMAC Cambodian Mine Action Center CPA Comprehensive Peace Agreement (Sudan) DAFA Demining Agency for Afghanistan DCA DanChurchAid (Denmark) DDG Danish Demining Group DMZ Demilitarized Zone DoD US Department of Defense DPKO UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations DSCA Defense Security Cooperation Agency (USA) DSL Defense Systems Limited EMAC Entity Mine Action Center (Bosnia) EOD Explosive Ordnance Disposal EODT EOD Technology, Inc.
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