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For the Director: Research Essays in Honor of James B. Griffin PDF

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ANTHROPOLOGICAL PAPERS MUSEUM OF ANTHROPOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN NO. 61 FOR THE DIRECTOR: RESEARCH ESSAYS IN HONOR OF JAMES B. GRIFFIN Edited by CHARLES E. CLELAND ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN 1977 ©l.977R egeonfTt hsUe n iveorfMs iicthyi gan ThMeu seoufAm n thropology Alrli grhetsse rved Prinitnte hde UnitSetdao tfAe mse rica IBSN 978-1-949098-01-3 (paper) ISB N978-1-95151 9-10-0 (ebook) CONTENTS Illustrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Foreword Moreau S. Maxwell ix Introduction Charles E. Cleland XV PART I. ADJUNCT DISCIPLINES Ethnobotany as an Adjunct to Archaeology: Studies in the Aleutian Islands Ted P. Bank II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Osteological Evidence for the Identification of Pre-Contact Karankawa Richard G. Wilkinson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Microanalysis of Chien Temmoku Glazes Frederick Bleicher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Revision of the Two Rivers "Valders" Drift Border and the Age of Fluted Points in Michigan William R. Farrand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4 PART II. AMERICAN STUDIES Fluted Points from the Parkhill, Ontario Site William B. Roosa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 An Examination of Late Archaic Development in the Falls of the Ohio River Area Donald E. Janzen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Some Observations on the Goodall Focus Richard E. Flanders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 Prehistoric Culture Areas and Culture Change on the Gulf Coastal Plain William H. Sears . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 The Penetration of Northeast Arkansas by Mississippian Culture Dan Franklin Morse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186 iii iv Contents The Eighteenth-Century Overhill Cherokee Alfred K. Guthe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 Women on the Lower Columbia River in the Early Nineteenth Century George I. Quimby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230 PART III. FOREIGN STUDIES The Ceramic Sequence at Kaminaljuyu Ronald K. Wetherington . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 The Edge-Trimmed Tool Tradition of Northwest South America Wesley R. Hurt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268 Adaptations of the Early Neolithic Farmers in Central Europe Sarunas Milisauskas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295 Stylistic Behavior and Information Exchange H Martin Wobst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317 PART IV. Published Works of James Bennett Griffin Compiled by Richard I. Ford and Volney H. Jones . . . . . . . . . . . . 345 ILLUSTRATIONS Part I The Aleutian Islands and Bering Sea region of western Alaska . . . . . . • . . . . . 4 Diagrammatic prof'.tle of an excavation at Eider Point, Unalaska Island ...... . 6 Prehistoric village (Waterfall Site) and adjacent plant habitats at Nazan Bay, Atka Island ..........•............•.................. 9 Diagrammatic section of a typical small village site based on an actual site on Adak . 10 Diagrammatic profile of prehistoric mound at Amaknak Island (Dutch Harbor) .. . 11 Old village mound, Amaknak-D site ........................... . 12 Diagrammatic profile of a small village site located in Amugul Bay, Unalaska Island . 13 Diagram showing distribution of plants on a study strip across the former village, Nazan Bay, Atka Island ................................ . 14 Prehistoric Aleut village at the western end of Attu Island as seen from the air in September 1949 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . 17 Soil-ash and midden prof'.tles at Lash Bay, Tanaga Island . 19 North Pacific Bering Sea Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Texas Gulf Coast sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Occipital views of three skulls from the Shell Point site . . • . . . . 45 Representative Chien Temoku potsherds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Micrograph of calcium iron oxide crystals of the surface of Chien potsherd fragment 59 Optical micrograph of the glaze/body interface of a typical Chien sherd . . . . • . • 60 Micrograph of Chien sherd, immersion etched . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Micrograph of Chien sherd showing points at which x-ray fluorescence spectra were obtained ......................................... . 62 An SEM absorbed electron image of a polished Chien glazed sample • . . . . . . . . 64 Set of microprobe photographs of a different area in the image of a polished Chien glaze sample • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Micrograph of an area of a polished Chien glaze sample . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . 66 Four stages in the deglaciation of the southern peninsula of Michigan ...... . 75 Distribution of fluted points in southern Michigan relative to late-glacial ice front positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . ...•.........•..... 80 Part II Fluted Knives . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 97 Subtype II, and Groups A, F, G, Subtype III 99 Style Groups B-K Grid B . • . . . . . . . .. 102 Major artifacts from three Mini Clusters 104 Miscellanous Artifacts Grids C, D, E, and elsewhere 108 v vi fllustrations Map of the area to be investigated by the Falls of the Ohio River Archaeological Project . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . • • • . . . . . . . . . . . . .•..... 124 Physiographic Provinces in the Falls of the Ohio River area •.. 125 Archaic sites excavated by the Falls Project from 1969-1974 •. 130 Radiocarbon dates from the Falls of the Ohio River area ..... 132 Period F-G .. . 154 Period E-F ........................ . 163 Periods C, D, E ...................... . 169 Chart of relative temporal relationships of complexes . 179 Mississippian culture, two spheres of household and pan-tribal artifacts and features 187 Map of northeast Arkansas and southeast Missouri (Zebree site) ....... . 196 Barnes complex (Zebree site) . . . . . . • . • . . ...... . 199 Big Lake phase (Zebree site) ......... . 202 Postmold Pattern of Circular Structure, Chota 216 Postmold Pattern of Chota Townhouses 218 White Spots Mark the Postmold Pattern of Log Cabin 219 Overhill Plain Rim Sherd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 Overhill Complicated Stamped Sherds 221 Qualla Check Stamped Rim Sherd . . , . . . . 222 Burial 5, Chota, with Brass Points at Shoulder 224 Projectile Points from Chota 225 Stone and Pottery Pipes . . . . . . . . 225 Part III Sample sizes and proportions, Kaminaljuyu ceramic analysis .. . ....... 247 Frequencies of wares and selected types within ceramic phases ...... 250-251 Frequencies of selected vessel forms within ceramic phases ...... 250-251 General characteristics of the ceramic sequence at Kaminaljuyu . . ..... 252-253 Models of Core Artifacts, Miscellaneous and Chopper .. . ....... 270 Flake Artifacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271 Stone Artifacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272 Distribution of Linear Culture Sites in Europe 296 Distribution of Linear Cluture Sites in Poland 297 Distribution of Linear Culture Sites in Central Germany ..... . 299 Linear Culture Sites along the Szreniawa River near Szczepanowice, Miechow dis- trict, Southern Poland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 301 The Evidence for Trade Networks at the Miiddersheim and Olszanica Sites 310 Distribution of Mesolithic Sites in Southeastern Poland 313 The target groups of stylistic messages .................... . 325 TABLES Part I Results of Pollen Analysis of Tanaga (Aleutians) Soil Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Spectrographic and SEM X-ray Fluorescence Analysis of Chien Sherd Glaze Sample 63 Part II Radiocarbon dates from the Falls of the Ohio River area 131 Proposed phases for western Michigan Woodland 148 Part III Cultural chronology of Kaminaljuyu . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . 249 Stratigraphic Units and Climate of the El Abra Rockshelters ... . 273 Radiocarbon Dates from the El A bra Rockshelters and Bore Holes 275 Distribution of man-made flakes and flaked stone artifacts at El Ab ra . 276 Distribution of Artifacts from El Abra Rockshelters 279 Sites on loess and various types of czernozem, sites not on loess 300 Domesticated and wild plants found at Langweiler, Germany .. 305 Frequency of animals based on the minimum number of individuals at Linear culture sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . 306 Message content in stylistic behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . 324 Message distributions in Albanian folkdress exclusive of headdress 336 Romanian folkdress-message contents and stylistic forms ..... 336 vii FOREWORD Moreau S. Maxwell Michigan State University Most intellectual disciplines have sudden periods of notable acceleration in their histories. Through some decades, ideas seem to simmer on back burners, or, to mix a metaphor, lie becalmed in the doldrums. Then, with a strange coalescence of thought and interstimulation of ideas, a critical intellectual mass is reached. Wind fills all the sails and the ship sails smartly on. In the seventh decade of this century the sails again are filling, but as yet the forward surge cannot be compared with that of the third decade. The 1930s saw the virtual beginning of systematic North American archaeology. There had been isolated instances of careful investigation before, but the process by which archaeology was pulling itself up by the bootstraps was regionally uneven. By the thirties, there was a clear need for innovation in methods of collecting and synthesizing data. Suddenly North American archaeology became exciting as increasing information and a unique group of savants capable of organizing it coalesced. The Society for American Archaeology, founded to foster this interstimulation, embraced distinguished professors and interested amateurs. Even so, students of this then esoteric field barely filled one room at an annual meeting. In such an atmosphere teacher-student barriers easily disappeared in heated discussion. Although partisans of other regions may disagree, I, like many others, would see the center of this intellectual foment in the Midwest. Admittedly it was a peculiarly bounded Midwest, including the Gulf States and Nebras ka, New York and Arkansas, but focused at Chicago. Illinois had been "Rediscovered." Its pre-contact cultural history was elucidated by excavation techniques insisting on precise spatial recording of recovered data. Vertical profiling of sites made stratigraphy observable and shifted emphasis from collecting relics to establishing their place in the passage of time. It was a beginning for processural archaeology. This "Chicago Method" may have occasionally been overdone. Few who saw the method in operation will forget halves of effigy bottles clinging to a ix

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