Table Of Content

Footprints in the Dust Outward Odyssey A People’s History of Spaceflight Series editor Colin Burgess FooTpRinTs in ThE DusT The Epic Voyages of Apollo, 1969 – 1975 Edited by Colin Burgess | Foreword by Richard F. Gordon university of nebraska press • lincoln and london © 2010 by the Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska Chapter 4 originally appeared in IEEE Spectrum, April 2005. © 2005 by ieee. Reprinted with permission. All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Footprints in the dust : the epic voyages of Apollo, 1969–1975 / edited by Colin Burgess; foreword by Richard F. Gordon. p. cm. — (Outward odyssey: a people’s history of spaceflight) Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 978-0-8032-2665-4 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Project Apollo (U.S.) — History. 2. Space flight to the moon — History — 20th century. I. Burgess, Colin, 1947– tl789.8.u6a53334 2010 629.45'4 — dc22 2009047697 Set in Adobe Garamond. Designed by R. W. Boeche and Kim Essman. Image 12 masked due to copyright limitations. This book is dedicated to the men and women who have given their time and talents to help keep the United States at the forefront of science and technology through the Astronaut Scholarship Foundation (asf). The Foundation, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization, annually funds a number of scholarships awarded to outstanding college students pursuing degrees in science and technology. These students ex- hibit motivation, imagination, and exceptional performance both in- side and outside the classroom. In recognition of such exemplary work the authors have donated their talents and individual proceeds from this book to the Astronaut Scholarship Foundation through the University of Nebraska Press. On a far more personal note this book is also dedicated to the mem- ory of Philip Baker from Hampshire, England, who lost a protracted battle with illness before this book was published. Philip was the au- thor of the Apollo 14 chapter, “Science, and a Little Golf.” His cheery optimism and passion for spaceflight will be sorely missed by everyone associated with this book and within the space history community. In Memoriam Charles “Pete” Conrad Jr. James B. Irwin Alan B. Shepard Jr. May their footprints in the dust last a million years. Look downward on that globe, whose hither side With light from hence, though but reflected, shines: That place is Earth, the seat of man; that light His day, which else, as th’ other hemisphere, Night would invade; but there the neighboring Moon (So call that opposite fair star) her aid Timely interposes, and, her monthly round Still ending, still renewing, though mid-heaven, With borrowed light her countenance triform Hence fills and empties, to enlighten the Earth. John Milton, Paradise Lost Contents List of Illustrations xi Foreword xv Acknowledgments xxiii Rice University Address by President John F. Kennedy xxvii Prologue Realization of a Dream of Ages 1 colin burgess 1 . The Whole World Was Watching 7 rick houston 2. The Eagle and the Bear 43 dominic phelan 3. Rendezvous on the Ocean of Storms 78 john youskauskas 4 . Apollo 13, We Have a Solution 116 stephen cass 5 . Altered Directions 150 colin burgess 6 . Science, and a Little Golf 166 philip baker 7 . A Whole New Focus 197 colin burgess