Flowers on the Rock: Global and Local Buddhisms in Canada PDF
Preview Flowers on the Rock: Global and Local Buddhisms in Canada
C:\Users\Public\MQUP\Harding\Harding-Ch00A-Title.indd, 5/14/2014 12:19 PM i flowers on the rock This page intentionally left blank C:\Users\Public\MQUP\Harding\Harding-Ch00A-Title.indd, 5/14/2014 12:19 PM iii Flowers on the Rock Global and Local Buddhisms in Canada Edited by . , ¯ , john s harding victor sogen hori and alexander soucy McGill-Queen’s University Press Montreal & Kingston London Ithaca • • C:\Users\Public\MQUP\Harding\Harding-Ch00A-Title.indd, 5/14/2014 12:19 PM iv © McGill-Queen’s University Press 2014 ISBN 978-0-7735-4337-9 (cloth) ISBN 978-0-7735-4338-6 (paper) ISBN 978-0-7735-9048-9 (ePDF) ISBN 978-0-7735-9049-6 (ePUB) Legal deposit third quarter 2014 Bibliothèque nationale du Québec Printed in Canada on acid-free paper that is 100% ancient forest free (100% post-consumer recycled), processed chlorine free McGill-Queen’s University Press acknowledges the support of the Canada Council for the Arts for our publishing program. We also acknowledge the financial support of the Government of Canada through the Canada Book Fund for our publishing activities. Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Flowers on the rock : global and local Buddhisms in Canada / edited by John S. Harding, Victor Sōgen Hori, and Alexander Soucy. Includes bibliographical references and index. Issued in print and electronic formats. ISBN 978-0-7735-4337-9 (bound). – ISBN 978-0-7735-4338-6 (pbk.). – ISBN 978-0-7735-9048-9 (ePDF). – ISBN 978-0-7735-9049-6 (ePUB) 1. Buddhism – Canada. I. Harding, John S., 1971–, author, editor II. Hori, Victor Sōgen, author, editor III. Soucy, Alexander, 1968–, author, editor BQ742.F56 2014 294.30971 C2014-902409-6 C2014-902410-X Typeset by Jay Tee Graphics Ltd. in 11/14 Minion C:\Users\Public\MQUP\Harding\Harding-Ch00B-Contents.indd, 5/27/2014 2:53 PM v Contents Conventions vii Acknowledgments xi Illustrations xiii Introduction 3 John S. Harding, Victor Sōgen Hori, and Alexander Soucy 1 Buddhist Globalism and the Search for Canadian Buddhism 25 Alexander Soucy part one taking root 2 Flying Sparks: Dissension among the Early Shin Buddhists in Canada 55 Michihiro Ama 3 For the Benefit of Many: S.N. Goenka’s Vipassana Meditation Movement in Canada 79 Kory Goldberg 4 Sitavana: The Theravada Forest Tradition in British Columbia 101 James Placzek 5 Making a Traditional Buddhist Monastery on Richmond’s Highway to Heaven 129 Jackie Larm C:\Users\Public\MQUP\Harding\Harding-Ch00B-Contents.indd, 5/27/2014 2:53 PM vi vi contents 6 Dharma on the Move: Vancouver Buddhist Communities and Multiculturalism 150 Paul Crowe 7 Buddhist Monasticism in Canada: Sex and Celibacy 173 Victor Sōgen Hori part two communicating the buddhadharma 8 Teaching Buddhism to Children: The Evolving Sri Lankan Buddhist Tradition in Multicultural Toronto 201 D. Mitra Barua 9 Reflections on a Canadian Buddhist Death Ritual 225 Angela Sumegi 10 Buddhist Prison Outreach in Canada: Legitimating a Minority Faith 245 Paul McIvor 11 Correspondence School: Canada, Fluxus, and Zen 267 Melissa Anne-Marie Curley 12 Shaping Images of Tibet: Negotiating the Diaspora through Ritual, Art, and Film 287 Sarah F. Haynes part three buddhist lives 13 Dhammadinna and Jayantā: Daughters of the Buddha in Canada 313 Mavis L. Fenn 14 Thầy Phổ Tịnh: A Vietnamese Nun’s Struggles in Canada 333 Alexander Soucy 15 Leslie Kawamura: Nothing to Add, Nothing to Take Away 355 John S. Harding Bibliography 385 Contributors 421 Index 427 C:\Users\Public\MQUP\Harding\Harding-Ch00B-Contents.indd, 5/27/2014 2:53 PM vii Conventions Romanization The editors found it impossible to impose a consistent form of romaniza- tion on Chinese terms and names. For a very long time in Western scholar- ship, the standard system of romanization was the Wade-Giles system, and much scholarship was written with this system. In recent decades, scholars have switched to the Pinyin system. Numerous inconsistencies can thus occur. For example, an author who uses Pinyin may quote a passage from an older text that uses Wade-Giles. Or, such an author is sometimes forced by convention to mix romanization systems when writing personal names or the names of Chinese organizations that use Wade-Giles. In such situa- tions, both Pinyin and Wade-Giles forms of romanization may occur on the same page. Throughout this book, we have tried to follow a policy of being faithful to the source. Quotations from other sources follow the sys- tem of romanization used in that original source. We use whatever roman- ization organizations or persons use for their own names. In the remaining situations, we use Pinyin. Use of Diacritical Marks The editors also found it impossible to maintain a consistent policy on the use of diacritical marks. Scholars use terms from the many Buddhist languages using diacritical marks to indicate their pronunciation, but prac- tising Buddhists use the same terminology usually without the diacritical marks. Complicating matters, many Buddhist terms have been accepted C:\Users\Public\MQUP\Harding\Harding-Ch00B-Contents.indd, 5/27/2014 2:53 PM viii viii conventions into the English language where they appear without diacritical marks. Complicating the matter even further, Buddhist organizations which once omitted diacritical marks have begun using them, thus Sākyadhitā began to use diacritical marks on its website, the Dharma Realm Buddhist Asso- ciation uses diacritics for the name of its founder, Hsüan Hua, as does Shambhala for the name of its founder, Chögyam Trungpa. In this volume, we omit diacritical marks for those Buddhist terms which have entered the English language, as judged by the Concise Oxford English Diction- ary (Eleventh edition). These include: Theravada, Mahayana, Hinayana, Pali, samsara, nirvana, prajna, vipassana, samadhi, sangha, dharma, sun- yata, roshi, sutra, and others. We try to follow whatever convention a Bud- dhist organization has accepted for itself, whether that includes or does not include diacritical marks. But since the authors of the essays in this book are scholars with high standards of accuracy, they will use diacritical marks in rendering Buddhist terminology. This means that it is quite possible the same term could appear twice on the same page, once with and once with- out diacritical marks. PAli and Sanskrit Flowers on the Rock contains chapters written by scholars of Theravada Buddhism who base their scholarship on Pali primary texts rather than Sanskrit. In their chapters, they use Pali romanization. In those cases, after the first use of a Pali term, we insert the corresponding Sanskrit term, e.g., “dhamma (Skt. dharma).” Names Names of well-known places are written without diacritical marks, thus, Kyoto not Kyōto, Tokyo not Tōkyō. Names of persons are written as the person himself or herself normally writes it or as normally appears on the person’s publications. Usually dia- critical marks are omitted. Thus, we write Hsing Yun not Xingyun; Cheng Yen not Zhengyan. An exception is Chögyam Trungpa, since this is the way his name appears on most of his publications. A special case is Thich Nhat Hanh. He publishes in English without diacritics and in Vietnamese with diacritics. In this volume, when he is mentioned in a Western context, C:\Users\Public\MQUP\Harding\Harding-Ch00B-Contents.indd, 5/27/2014 2:53 PM ix conventions ix we have left his name without diacritics, but in Soucy’s opening chapter we have used diacritics for his name because he is being discussed in a Viet- namese context. Japanese names are a particular problem. Our rule is that when the person in question is based in Japan, then his or her name is presented in Japanese order (surname first) with diacritical marks. Thus we write Ōtani Kōshin, Shaku Sōen. But if the person in question has immigrated to Canada, then the name is presented in Western order (surname last) and without diacritical marks. Thus we write Yutetsu Kawamura, Genjiro Mori, Orai Fujikawa. For both immigrants and those based in Japan, we use diacritics for Japanese titles such as sōchō (bishop).
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