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Bulletin of the Department of Museaas Chennai Edited by DIRECTOR Department-of Museums Prof. 'T. Balaivishaaa’ Nayer Memecial Hadowment [sctore “Vlora and Mauna! Representation in Rack Art of Parail Nadu’ Published by Director Departincat of Muscems, Cheanai - 600 008, November - 2016 Bulletin of the Department of Museums Chennai Fdited by Director Department of Muscums Prof.T.Balakrishnan Nayar Memorial Endowment Lecture “Flora and Faunal Representation in Roek Art of Tamil Nadu” by Dr.8.Vasanthi, Deputy Superintending, ologise (Rest!) Tami} Nadu State Department of Archaeology Chennai Published by Director, Department of Museums, Goverment Museum, Chennai 600008, August-2016 £6 Sagi rtan LAS. See ageor choco Director @ Ey mes HH A319 318 Deqanmenr af Muscrcas, as eH Pax 0d 28° GAS Hei es govmessgingo in See et Fureword wrs| Etgoreot as insti aed by Tie Meteyi Ramet ul Hira 1, Basins Saya Re:0ONy was depontst Sor the insttaion of the Endswcent wider the GLOMENGID i 985 Ww woudl the Esdowmeet Lasse 11 the Development und Cubase (SU) Depastmert UIT. subjects Arvlologs, Nimusiarion, Antoplegy av Marsalngy. Se for thtesn cussucted “Thieu.T. Blarishnen Neyer ponclaty known as pr. T-B. Nayar was part me Noreuscrsies curue in te Guvera Museuras Cem, Me was a fener pofessur 9° 1Esuny i the Presider allege, Cherm Bis work “Dowhishsevan Had af Fastrn Cheleyaa and Chala eoics™ was published a bulletin of Madras Govsrnmer: Muscura as ea! as 1HG6, Saveral distinguished sckalars delivered the pT, Balasvismnan Naya Memnsal Bndowinen: Leste ttgm “98S his ooture dss with Coral und Fuanel Represanations i Wack Pattinge of Uamit Nadu. he Atepioing Pov emains in the ok atin wer, Bs the anima roprscntiin found on the rock shoes ar besulflly ounied full form, ‘The general carey o® ce existence af the Peva and suck ar ‘The paiming ut Fam evens Taal Nadu begs us we study the ails ithe zn humen being are shown, singly or in groan. Dreeing, Fighrng ane hntng seanes wore afer. deen “The study of laa au faa foes rock act las oases evince canon of Tum Nady in Se Precisore erin, DeWaranthl was che Foimes Deputy Sepeintenting of Arharologia, Deparanent. of Archuoolugg, Government af Temil Nacu. She had asthored ever hooks and cook port ie sever Fasevations in Tamil Neder ketuse* Fuca and acnal repzeventatons in Rok Art of aril Ned scliverad ae an Nayar Movseial Bechnemin lstce on den: etre uncer pT. Raakesh {8.11 2018 is rough cu ae bulletin uP he Department of Museu, senna och ai 1 the {hope that wis he mshi leone ie unerstae ding cu 92 studstis,sthniar and genera pubic whe Lave keein interest in tzis Gehl. 1 appreciate the spenker far heving given Cie sorsts of the Ieee in time and also Sor delvering an ineresting, an Fefoemaran bate 1.2008 TLORAI. AND FAUNA REPRESENTALIUNS IS ROC PAINIISGS. 07 TAMIL NADL Dr. Vesa Depury Superintending Srchacolnetste) ‘Teal Nude Site Teparinect uf Archacalogy Chana sveevasomthidipma® soi) INTRODUCTION: Tam pleased +o eotize on O3L.2018 at Mais Mh 6 peestigiuas Prof, TBalukshen Nait Endowrsent oom, 1am th sul to i D.Fagancathan, LAS, Dineetor of ese 5 foc honoring ne ly xving this opportunity The exte uf wan Nam Ze early tres Defoe the advanceciunt af wcteng wes ‘enews fou tae artefacts uead Sy him Thoy were comedic peuple and inter gars wed the nati cavsans and rok sbi an “Feit temayordny dwe'lngs, livese mice shelters baws beau “ue in he pieces where ply of vster and thik stile. They were used by thew: as canvas for the attic works univcaallyanown 28 sock ant There ae useber of rack at ites Ineed iu Tamil Nadu, [sin sing and neceworthy Io study the of oral uné faueal cemins noticed in the mek art, Fhey ean fous the envivscunental condition oF erie! when they were psn ‘The depietion of Mora: comaice = the cool ur is Jess ia number, ‘Tae aaizal ‘eprésectanen found on those roc siete avo beaulflly paint iz ouling oF in fll Fors, They disoiny the éssani moves of i beasts, Most frequently nace in the uci wets ae Geer (owed by bulla, horse, will bear, cow and fs ay camprrisen to the kumar yepressracion of Ihe paints, anizx! paintegs ae large, Deans ne proportionate. The puapose forthe erg af animal fou i rock at may bt muvibsted to the depiction of gume, some siwalisie purpose sud wlan a means of Physical Geography, Genlng ‘The Geographical and Geulogical earuee ata ragiou plzy a vial sot in saci se culutl activin ofthat region, Tamil Nadu (Cat EN co 12? Long, T6PE w a Fi, cons of splanés end South Satya exyion (Western Cats} ad Lasterr Coastal Ping ‘ha Vamil Nadu uplacds ond som Sakyodri cexion (Western Ghats} sompri Dearcapuri, Saban, Cofchatoce ané the Veloce ané Vhiruvaamalai disteios and westerns pans of Medical and Tycho) distor. The nurzweara pat of Tamil Nade is considered to Le che epntinanin of Myst platera End Fs into two Uist toeeess rnanoly Palghat and Racernabol. The Palgha: ace is over 930 min height seve and comprises Tag tele, ay tat ia the esis of Dharrapusi. Baraca 3s caacterized by bills wad hillooks ie dhe Kuishnegr, hermapunidsteicts, soci east oF Camil Nu Bis # srseded with he auines of the Eastern Gis: Morale arcung Gen ste Shotinghur, Vellove, Vatcembadi, Ocugawet, Tinevanramalai and Giigoe fis The Nils ies west ePthe Colbotore planes ad un che Ansa El rage wie the Westem Gkats reaches their maximum height of 2740 27, in Azuimoi peek. The Ceastel plain inches the dsc of Xencalparam, a small yet of Cuda most of Villopurtm, Madurai, Raunaaatheposem and Tieuselve tea Petr, ‘ramil Nadh is served hy a net work of vee aystems. tuo the sa the Kaveri the Penny, the Waige’ ang the Yamazapacea ee the ireportnto Geology [A rosjur part of Tumil Naga cungists of ar assemblage of crystalline cncks of Anhaan wetamorhic complex, The Archaea cocks were formed during te wary bm ‘fas no ite on éxe earth, They ave scestly of jgnecus unig comping hosed grat ann! tsaiiz rocks cogetier with subordiuete atau: of sediments. They sistly consist of Achwean gnesses, schist aed charnockites, Th goat a Arig, Tivohirspall and re marine Ceetecoons deposits nes ‘inatur..These lie on a platfnrca of suite gneisses end chamcavtite and ers fringed wieng, the westem marge oy tin stip of meks of Caper Gondtwura uge. The otber nmadle geological fusaation found in the slate is Cwidalore suntone sores belang to Terry Dole, which hear pluct (ossls, Oce of the ieportast Wond fessil long stunk) af 3 contra fest oF this age is Roual expusod near Thituvelkeral Pats of the Tertiey beds ate enversd by laterite, Besides tis she ocevureras of Upper Guadwana foresation are lso nosieud car Sporarhalue and Satyevedu, These aie ormpaseal mcialy oF wai tw piak ley, shales and flAspatbic sndeouee The shemockitas of Madea, Mysore unl Acdira Pradesk age arungs, the uungest acal mast durable Sones found any the wurld. The tempi ant the arshitconiea| menmiments lave bees hewed sat ol «2.8 chamnackis, Tae esk pilings ‘a peteuglyp drawings a com sed exiuly uth» granite ils im peninsular leis Minecal occurences of different origia have bow veeunded ia ull the mick (onmation “ound hers, The ebist eninaa’s of Tent Nut re Lignite foun insibadded with Cuddsloce Sondstoce and clays 29 Neyo area, bun ure deposits af Seem ard bbameeapiidistricl, Limestone, both exstalne and seine fenem Kamenathapora, ‘Teuchiropul end Tirwelveli District, Wauxte deposis fur Sheeney wily aad Mepresite af Clad Wil a? Selem District and Grayhite denis from Siveganga ‘Ramasatlapurats), Gonerat Survey of Mora & Fauna The geeral survey uf ds existe ef Ese Hlusl an Suunal resins in Tavé ‘ads helps us to study tie ania jn thy ancient rack a loval alversity The Angiogperm dive of lads sslodax 17,072 species, Teel Neda sanks Ist mong sll he Slates in the Country with S610 sgucies, which inchadas $33 enéomic species, 200 eedlsted 1559 of medicinal plants snd 290 apeuich of wild of Intves of eulevated plant. The Cyranacperm civenity wf the countzy itt spec uhish Tam: Nadu hes 4 species of incigaracs Gyrnausperns and about iteeduced species. The Moridaphytes diversity ut Tne insludes 1022 species wf whica Tamil Nag hes shout.191 vies, Tamil Nadu wild place diversity ala includes vast romaber of Sryoplptes, Liens, ny, Algae and Bactvi, Yaual diversity Tee b al Givenity of Tamil Nat inclees 165 speeies of Cush wstor Mises. 76 svecies of Ambibiens, $77 species of pies, 454 species of binds una |: manus. Avesaling u: the CAMP ropots the rec-listec spocissinclnde 125 species of Pisces, 56 spovien of Amphibians, 1 species of rptiles, 32 species uf bieds and 4D species of martna's, The enderis faune incites 36 guecies uf Ampéinians, 65 spscice ot resis, LF apes ss ul birds anc 24 species of urscmals, Schedule Laciutas :nchole 22 spctios of mecsmals, 42 sposies of biede aul # species of repels. Selecule i unizrals fnchuls 13 species of ~xmmuls. Seied.ce 1 asimals invlod 5 apooien of mammals Beualule I animals ieluce § sprees af camects, 267 species uP binls, 109 species of epiiles ené 23 species af Azxphibians. Sehedcle V animals cxuZaue 13. species of rmaccails avd 1 species of binds” Of the eat Brey, tne layest a the ger; Inopard or panthers and the striped faycenn are almast extinct but are foun! accasconaly in Gch jangles ever. nove, The Febing- cal cvet ect palmcat ad the yungleeat ae comms, OF the mongoaces, she exc huowa is re commun tuongente. Thy dogs inchede te Indian wild dog; the eer, the sot, te litle ncaa tne and Me jackal are ecomag extine: es they ae good sport fo ‘hunting, The Kocents or ysaraiag animals sepuesentel hy puncupines, bares, eats, nice ‘end sqpitrele are very commen, Blepsnts ate precomriaany marocals inthis wegion, The Deckaibte segion in Nosur Talus fa distiet Derzuspuri end the Aneicsla Hsin tho Disiot Coimbetore ace lngely paralated by cterbaats, ‘The Rurtinants inelide the Ssumibar dees, spoted dees. eib-Pacel wr aukiag deer, the Te mouse-dees, the blu-Lel igre. or Chinkars, for homed ante, Indian entziape’ az black-ueky Negi aa le gnti or bisor, wild huffala are zamon. ‘Among the host of bis which ankekil de plains, the hills aud the sea-share, the impurtant ones wre, peacark, jenglefowl. sendbyrecuce, eunls, pigeuns aid dow ateues, eagles, hawks, owls, parot the, anal peng bieds The distes and sna ate epresenod by scores of wait, HLORA: CHENNARAVANAPALLE (laritte: 127 ST fiom Gudiysthar, in Vellore <strict, the paintings are found in the eastern portina WC Longitude: 72° 54L) Socatsd Vem Fi seally awn as Sothaime, Same grass snd pants are algo noticed. The sus, ars and birds a1 the aes important éeamiugs found. Js es eoreascem wont & small tree ond s doce yout nse ere we We and kite: [At MALLACHANDRAM ([atizeds: 12° 32° 8 Losgimeée: 78°49°E) near Keston: 20 drown. The salu pi the paintiags are noticed on Dotmens (Megatithse burial ype) Nous graf sarks seo tes im reilig, a dum like Gguie, a Tulst plant (Ovizxum) or. a peestal are uo noticed, White pigment ie weed! ws eelovting agent, Ine Dov: or Actelope is commonly nerve animal i the rock paintings. They are known a5 Black book which bas Ge scientific name Auttope vervicupra Linn, tuts aul Eats, They ars very fast mane, Tse ae lnk ok's has ores wile the Ceate usually hownless seatly cour ia herds af 15 (0 20 animals with oe ominant cae, Awl reed painting of a (ema (oSkiout hors), snd neat a fire anu the flesh pierced 2 Tong peor sper being gills im che fr is nk shebets of Ayyanur Malai SETTAVARAT (Latitude: 12°09" 42° N Longide: 70° U9" ‘Ej Its shout 15 Kon seal uP Kiva! ree Vetunvalam in Villgpoeam dist wire of doer, uA0, WEE bear, lige, fish and tical eno free 08% shelters a thy (Op of he il in The paintings of cnimals tise Deer, wave and eel, wild boar, fish. Tiger and Rhinoceros Ike enimal were pairted von the suck at ALAMBADE (Laide: 128167 N Longitude 79" oF 54"5) Located bast 1H Kur Goin Tairukoilur Lowards the North westersdlireeion nthe ‘wey to VECaptean The pictings ars located ia a coe calla Kvdbakel Par." oF Vannathi Pons by # sis rook is simaed aboue 2 ka west of Ala cal pee village. A doce shown scaling bend he ts ‘hile anothes Deor is yaiuted bein, hhumed bya"Uiger Rod ovire i wed fo 20% ng “The paiatings of Deer, Tiger, Mouse and some poemesice PADINANDAL {Iasitude: 11°53" 39" W Lacgitude: 29"97 16" E}, siluated sbout 12 ea fora Tivakeilr near 2 ple ented Ckulayoaudpacin, he paintings are lesigns are ound at ruck eatled babel, The painting of a deer in sor ochre was clearly visi Horse Pauiyandal ‘The coer like black buck, Jove hemad antelope, and antine’s xe Porcupine, wild ors ad wild hee ae antowerky al. CERUMALAL (Latiude:s9° 19" 36" Targinés: aay a6" Paslapmti-Dindugul road about 3 fund in a cave i, Cimuala i's sear Dinduul 92 2 ss esintings ars “the wave sivaled have is Incoly called as ‘Aruvimalai, herd rhe wntrfe limes dvi TIRUMALAT (Lavindss 10" 127 N Longline: 77" 2" E) a small hazee vented abot 21 kor, west af Sheagauga laluk of Sivegange istic. The na poised oe @ gone fll che Hor af the Lael i the 29 nm Thay are found ir uur places in this shelter. Pulling ofa ssa deer seen encirlod by duve sen isan foe, Fro: this 2 he ir 1 deer was ofc uted ancl hy mas. tes} hog al 20 et wie, A dene KARIKGOVOR, (Laritade: 10? 11! 8 Lengiaide: 77°27 Bj shows bn fiom Kesher n che Nils has a boeuf poiniag depicts a hig herd of gracing der.