Flora of Siberia, Vol. 3: Cyperaceae

290 Pages·2001·29.445 MB·\290

by  L I Malyschev (Editor)

Flora of Siberia
Volume 3
Cyperaceae

Flora of Siberia
Volume 3
Cyperaceae
Volume Editors
Prof. L.I. Malyschev
and
G.A. Peschkova
%
Science Publishers, Inc.
Enfield (NH), USA Plymouth, UK
SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INc.
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ISBN 1-57808-071-1 (Set)
ISBN 13: 978-1-57808-102-8 (hbk)
© 2001 Copyright reserved
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Flora Sibiri. English
Flora of Siberia/series editor, I.M. Krasnoborov; [translator, P.M. Rao].
p. em.
Includes bibliographical references,
Contents: v. 3. Cyperaceae,
ISBN 1-57808-102-5
1. Botany-Russia (Federation) -Siberia. 2. Phytogeography-Russia
(Federation)-Siberia-Maps. I. Krasnoborov, Ivan Moiseevich .. II Title.
OK375 .F552413 2000
581.975-dc21 00-024187
Translation of: Flora Sibiri, Volume 3, Nauka Publishers, Siberian Division,
1990
Compilers: L.I. Malyschev, S.A. Timokhina, S.V. Bubnova, V.M. Doron'kin
and N.V. Bondareva
Editorial Board: I.M. Krasnoborov, L.l. MALYSCHEV (series editor), G.A.
Peschkova, A.V. Polozhii, A.K. Skvortzov, and B.A. Yurtsev
Translator: P.M. Rao
Technical Editor: Dr. Gurcharan Singh
General Editor: Margaret Majithia
Published by Science Publishers, Inc., Enfield, NH, USA
PREFACE
The family Cyperaceae is extensively distributed throughout the world. It
includes some 90 genera and 4000 species. In terms of abundance, this fami(cid:69)
ly occupies the eleventh place in the flora of the USSR* as a whole and
third place in Siberia where 13 genera and 232 species and subspecies have
been reported. The most profuse among these is genus Carex L. (sedge)
comprising 173 species and subspecies that can be grouped into 39 sections
under 4 subgenera.
Most sedges are coastal, swamp and meadow-swamp plants but some
are typical of forests, hilly and northern tundras, rocks and debris, as well
as steppes and deserts. Thus, members of section Boernera V. Krecz. ex
Egor, in genus Carex L. are essentially steppe, forest-steppe, and desert
plants.
Because of their high prevalence, sedges enjoy considerable importance
in the overall ecological balance of Siberia, representing at times dominant
and codominant plant cover. Some species, specially of genus Carex L., are
of economic importance as fodder or natural pasture plants or even ecologi(cid:69)
cal importance as characteristic plants of the habitat of wild animals.
Genus Cyperus L. (flat sedge), and not genus Carex L. (sedge), represents
the nomenclatural type of family Cyperaceae Juss. and thus the family, in
Russian, should be referred to as flat sedges and not sedges. Considering
that the term sedge is widely prevalent in Russian botanical literature, the
term sedges is not wholly rejected but retained as an alternative in this
compendium.
Scientists at the taxonomy laboratory of higher plants and florogenetics,
Siberian Central Botanical Garden, Siberian Division of USSR Academy of
Sciences, carried out the scientific treatment of material presented in this
volume.
Somatic chromosome number (2n) has been cited for several species and
subspecies based on published information.
The following abbreviations are used in describing the diagnostic fea(cid:69)
tures of plants:
auct. non ... — auctores, non ... (authors, not ...)
*Since this book was published in 1990, the abbreviation USSR has been retained (instead of
the present CIS)—General Editor.
vi
class, hab. — classic habitat
comb, nova — combinatio nova (new combination)
diam. — diameter
f. — forma (form)
s. 1. — sensu lato (in a broad sense)
sp. — species
s. str. — sensu stricto (in a narrow sense)
subsp. — subspecies
syn. — synonym
var. — varietas (variety)
The distribution range of plants is depicted in coded form for the 28
administrative divisions or the nominal floristic regions of Siberia (see Fig.
1) as follows:
Fig. 1. Map showing the nominal floristic regions of Siberia.
West. Sib. — Western Siberia
TYU — Tyumensk Province
Yam — Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Territory
Khm — Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Territory
Tb — Tobol Floristic District
KU — Kurgan Province
OM — Omsk Province
vii
TO — Tomsk Province
NO — Novosibirsk Province
KE — Kemerovo Province
AL — Altay Territory
Ba — Barnaul Floristic District
Go — Gomo-Altay Autonomous Region
Cen. Sib. — Central Siberia
KR — Krasnoyarsk Territory
Ta — Taimyr Floristic District
Pu — Putorana Floristic District
Tn — Tunguska Floristic District
Kha — Khakass Autonomous District
Ve — Verkhneyenisei (Upper Yenisey) Floristic District
TU — Tuva Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
East. Sib. — Eastern Siberia
IR — Irkutsk Province
An — Angara-Sayan Floristic District
Pr — Fore Lena-Katanga Floristic District
BU — Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist District
Se — Severo-Buryat (Northern Buryat) Floristic District
Yuzh — Yuzhno-Buryat (Southern Buryat) Floristic District
CHI — Chitin Province
Ka — Kalar Floristic District
Shi — Shilka-Argun Floristic District (Dauria)
YAK — Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
Ar — Arctic Floristic District
Ol — Olenek-Nizhnelensk (Lower Lena) Floristic District
Vi — Vilyui-Verkhnelensk (Upper Lena) Floristic District
A1 — Aldan Floristic District
Yan — Yana-Indigirka Floristic District
Ko — Kolyma Floristic District
The family Cyperaceae was treated by the authors of this volume as fol(cid:69)
lows:
S.A. Timokhina & N.V. Bondareva—key to genera, and Juncellus,
Cyperus, Eriophorum, Baeothryon, Scirpoides, Bolboschoenus, Blysmus, Dichos-
tylis, Rhynchospora, Pycreus;
S.A. Timokhina—Scirpus;
S.V. Bubnova (Ovchinnikova)—Eleocharis;
V.M. Doron'kin—Kobresia;
L.I. Malyschev—Carex.
All drawings in this volume are original. For genus Eleocharis R. Br.,
they were prepared by S.V. Bubnova who carried out the scientific treat(cid:69)
ment of this genus. Drawings for genus Carex L. were prepared by V.V.
viii
Zuev. Z.D. Malyscheva compiled the index of Russian (in the Russian edi(cid:69)
tion) and Latin plant names. V.S. Dyudzhok plotted the plant distribution
maps based on the distribution lists provided by the respective authors.
N.M. Mal'tseva rendered much assistance in manuscript preparation. Apart
from the collections of M.G. Popov Herbarium and General Herbarium of
the Siberian Central Botanical Garden, Siberian Division of USSR Academy
of Sciences, Novosibirsk, chorological data was drawn from the Siberian
collections in the Herbarium of V.L. Komarov Botanical Institute, Leningrad
(A.A. Korobkov, curator), P.N. Krylov Herbarium at Tomsk State University
(A.V. Polozhii, curator), D.P. Syreishchikov Herbarium at Moscow State
University (I.A. Gubanov, curator) and partly from the Herbarium of the
Biology Institute of Scientific Center, Siberian Division of USSR, Academy
of Sciences, Yakutsk (V.N. Andreev, curator).
The authors are grateful to each and all.
L.I. Malyschev
Contents
PREFACE
V
KEY TO GENERA 1
1. Juncellus (Griseb.) Clarke 2
2. Cyperus L. 3
3. Eriophorum L. 4
4. Baeothryon A. Dietr. 9
5. Scirpoides Seguier 10
6. Scirpus L. 11
7. Bolboschoenus (Ascherson) Palla 16
8. Blysmus Panzer ex Schultes 17
9. Dichostylis Beauv. ex Lest. 18
10. Eleocharis R. Br., syn.: Heleocharis auct. 18
11. Rhynchospora Vahl 25
12. Kobresia Willd., syn.: Cobresia auct. 25
13. Carex L. 29
Subgenus Psyllophora (Loisel.) Peterm., syn.:
Primocarex Kiik. 54
Section Microcephalae (H.T. Holm) Kiik. 54
Section Orthocerathes Koch 54
Section Physoglochin Dumort. 55
Section Rarae C.B. Clarke 59
Section Rupestres Tuckerman 59
Section Scirpinae (Tuckerman) Kiik. 61
Subgenus Vignea (Beauv. ex Lestib). Peterm. 62
Section Boemera V. Krecz. ex Egor. 62
Section Cyperoideae Koch, syn.:
Scellhammeria (Moench) Kunth 64