FLIRTING WITH DANGER QUALITATIVE STUDIES IN PSYCHOLOGY This series showcases the power and possibility of qualitative work in psy- chology. Books feature detailed and vivid accounts of qualitative psychol- ogy research using a variety of methods, including participant observation and field work, discursive and textual analyses, and critical cultural history. They probe vital issues of theory, implementation, representation, and ethics that qualitative workers confront. The mission of the series is to en- large and refine the repertoire of qualitative approaches to psychology. GENERAL EDITORS Michelle Fine and Jeanne Marecek Everyday Courage: The Lives and Stories of Urban Teenagers by Niobe Way Negotiating Consent in Psychotherapy by Patrick O’Neill Voted Out: The Psychological Consequences of Anti-Gay Politics by Glenda M. Russell Inner-City Kids: Adolescents Confront Life and Violence in an Urban Community by Alice McIntyre Flirting with Danger: Young Women’s Reflections on Sexuality and Domination by Lynn M. Phillips ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ FLIRTING WITH DANGER Young Women’s Reflections on Sexuality and Domination LY N N M . P H I L L I P S ■ ■ ■ ■ a New York University Press New York and London NEW YORK UNIVERSITY PRESS New York and London © 2000 by New York University All rights reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Phillips, Lynn M. Flirting with danger : young women’s reflections on sexuality and domination / Lynn M. Phillips. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8147-6657-9 (cloth : alk. paper) — ISBN 0-8147-6658-7 (pbk. : alk paper) 1. Young women—United States—Sexual behavior. 2. Young women—United States—Interviews. 3. Man-woman relationships— United States. 4. Sexual harassment of women—United States. 5. Discrimination against women—United States. I. Title. HQ29 .P49 2000 306.7'08352'0973—dc21 00-009877 New York University Press books are printed on acid-free paper, and their binding materials are chosen for strength and durability. Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To my family, for giving me the support and courage to wonder out loud. Contents ■ ■ ■ ■ Preface ix Acknowledgments xiii 1. Introduction 1 2. Contextualizing the Study: Establishing an Interpretive Framework 12 3. What’s a Young Woman (Not) to Think? Sifting through Early Messages about Hetero-Relations 33 4. Mirror, Mirror, on the Wall: Deciding How/Who to Be in Hetero-Relationships 79 5. Managing Contradictions: Getting in, out, and around Hetero-Relations 111 6. Controlling the Damage: Making Meaning When “Things Go Badly” 149 7. Conclusion 190 Afterword: Lingering Dilemmas: How Much Do We Want to Know? 207 Appendix A: Individual Interview Guide 213 Appendix B: Group Interview Discussion Topics 219 Appendix C: Analysis: Working with the Data 221 Notes 225 References 233 Index 243 About the Author 255 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Preface I recently came upon a lapel button that said, “What is it about ‘no’ that confuses you?” Having worked for many years on combating vi- olence against women, I rushed to buy the pin, delighting in the question as I imagined it posed to men. With one simple rhetorical question, this pin seemed to capture the messages I had learned and tried so hard to communicate as a feminist researcher, teacher, and advocate. It pointed out that of course“no means no and yes means yes.” And it asked smugly, “Why don’t men understand this?” “Perfect,” I thought, “clear and to the point!” But as I waited in line to make my purchase, the pin’s words began to take on other meanings. After I initially imagined a male audience, it oc- curred to me that this same question, when posed to women, is neither straightforward nor rhetorical. In fact, it is a central question that drives my work. As my attraction to this button reveals, I often feel the impulse to make clear-cut statements about women’s desires and their responses to male domination. Indeed, in a society where women’s charges of rape and ha- rassment are still frequently met with questions about what they did to “lead men on,” it has been critical to stress to lawmakers, employers, ju- ries, and men in general that consent and coercion are inherently distinct. Yet at the same time, having listened for many years to young women’s
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