Five new species of Nolana (Solanaceae-Nolaneae) from Peru and notes on the classification of additional taxa

2007·10.3 MB·English

by  Michael O Dillon

new Nolana from Peru
Five species of (Solanaceae-Nolaneae)
and notes on the of additional taxa
classification
nuevas de Nolana (Solanaceae-Nolaneae) de Peru
Cinco especies
y
notas en de taxa adicionales
clasificacion
la
Botany Department, The h
Field
Abstract
new
In preparation for the publication of a monographic treatment of Nolana (Solanaceae-Nolaneae), five species are
& &
described from Peru: N. aenigma M.O. Dillon, S. Leiva Quipuscoa, N. arequipensis M.O. Dillon Quipuscoa, N. chancoana
&
M.O. Dillon Sl Quipuscoa, N. chapiensis M.O. Dillon &. Quipuscoa, and JV. lezamae M.O. Dillon, S. Leiva Quipuscoa. N.
m
lezamae and N. chapiensis are distributed in the western Andean Cordillera at 2 00 - 2350 and the others are recorded from
1
the coastal lamas formations below 500 m. Distribution and ecology, s
additional taxa are discussed.
Key Words: Nolaneae, new Peru, Solanaceae
Nolana, species,
un monografico de Nolana (Solanaceae-Nolaneae), describen
En preparacion para publication de tratamiento se
la la
& &
M.O
cinco especies nuevas de Peni: N. aenigma M.O. Dillon, S. Leiva Quipuscoa, N. arequipensis Dillon Quipuscoa, N.
& &
&
M.O Quipuscoa, N. chapiensis M.O. Dillon Quipuscoa, y N. lezamae M.O. Dillon, S. Leiva
chancoana Dillon
Quipuscoa. N. lezamae y N. cliapien
demas
elevation y las especies crec
Palabras Clave: Nolana, especies nuevas, Peru, Solanace
Introduction
A
genus of 89 etal.2003). few species, such as N.urubambae Vargas,
Nolana (Solanaceae-Nolaneae) a
is
and
N. nov, N. lezamae nov. are
which inhabits chapiense sp. sp.
species, including the five described here,
m
kms
2000 50-500
above a distance of
and throughout the distributed at
a variety of arid semi-arid habitats
No Most narrow
Atacama and Peruvian deserts (Dillon 2005). fewer inland from the coast. species are
and
endemics, with small, restricted geographic ranges
than 43 have been reported from Peru, four of
species
but few have
requirements, a species
northern Chile Dillon specific ecological
which have into
distributions
(
The confined larger geographic distributions, for example, N. humfitsa
2007a, greatest species diversity
et b). is
al.
(Gouan) I.M. Johnst (8°- 2°20'S or over 500 kms)
bmas
termed formations, usually
to near-ocean localities 1
&
m 5°- 550
50—800 and within 50 kms of and N. spathulata Ruiz Pav. 8°S or over
between elevation ( 1 1
1997;Dillon kms).
the shoreline (Rundeletal., 1991; Dillon,
Nolaneae)
le
£1
Within
tin.
In,!-'
! ,
mm
;.>;.'<
A :'.. wide, purple, glabrous. Ovary glabrous,
'
: . : ca.
I
mm
of the coastal Peruvian and Atacama mm
flora (Dillon, l long, ca. 1-1 .5 wide, basal nectar ca. 2
mm
2005). Nolana species are often important members le, 5 carpels, the style included, 4.5-5 long, the
mm
ma
of their respective communities and can occur
in large lateral, green, ca. .5 long. Mericarps,
5,
1
The
populations very high component
at densities.
form and
taxa a well-defined obviouslv n
February.
sed by a unique ovarv
formiri
or schizocarps with 1-7 seeds per segment (Knapp,
Etymology: The
specific epithet derived from
is
2002). Field studies, over die 25 years, have
last
«enigma,» defined as a puzzling or
ine tbk
yielded several novelties that are morphologically and lit
;
occurrence or situation. During our field studies in
ecologically distinctive. For a discussion of
full
Nino we
the El year of 998, only encountered one
1
.studies consult
individual of
this species in the despite repeated
field,
Dillon etal. (2007b).
efforts to locate additional material the type
at locality
&
Nolana aenigma M.O.
Dillon, Leiva
S.
1.
Quipuscoa,
sp. nov. (Fig. 1-3). flowering northern Peai and Nino
in the next event
El
may ma
an
present opportunity to re-encounter
thjsdisl
TYPE: PERU. Dpto. La
Libertad, Prow
Tmjillo, Dist.
Km
Tmjillo, 580, Cerro Cabezon, 10 Feb 1998,
S.
V
M.
Lean G., O. Dillon, A. SagasteguiA, &. Quipuscoa Distribution and ecology: This taxon milv
is
2165 HAO; HUT). known
S. (holotype, isotype, from the type
F, locality at the base of Cerro
Cabezon 20 kms
ca. north of Tmjillo. was collected
It
within a dense, flourishing population of Nolana
was
humifusa that covering the lower slopes of Cerro
Jiabitu erecto, foliis conlit
Cabezon
during this period of intense influence from
the ongoing 1997/98 Nino phenomenon.
El
Succulent annual stems
herbs; Relations among
hi nctive
.
. i i
ch-branched,
glabrous. Leaves a
congeners
its in Peru, especially in erect habit with
its
branching and
basal having
in short corollas that barely
cm cm
long, 1 .5-2.5 wade, glabrous, surpass the calyx lobes. Only Nolana adansonii Roemer
(
& N
apically obtuse to rounded, the bases
Schultes) I.M. Johnst. approaches aenigma in
f solitary flowers in
upper cm
leaf axils, pedunclt glabrous, 1.5-2 distinguished by purple stems, 10-15 small
its
mm
long; calvx campanulate, 4-4.5 wide
at anthesis, mericarps, and a distribution southern Pent
restricted to
mm
glabrous, 5-lobed, the lobes lanceolate, equal, 4.5-5 and northern The
Chile. cordate to reniform blades
leal
mm
long, 2-2.5
wide, the apices acute, pencillate; supeiiu resemble those found Nolana jhinnbxa
lallv
in
mm mm
corollas campanulate, ca. 1 2 wide, ca. 8 long, Lindl. of central and southern Chile; however, that
purple
to lavender, the throat deep
purple, internally species has an much
essentially prostrate habit, larger
glabrous, externally pubescent along the nerves, the and 5-20
flowers mericarps. This species has not been
1
trichomes
stamens
uniseriate; 5, included, filaments included the moleculai
in studies to date (l)illonet al.,
mm
on
inserted lower third of corolla, equal, 4-4.5 long, 2007b).
new
Dillon Five
etal.:
Ill
B3S
c
Hlri
2007
171-190;
14(2):
?
new
Dillon et al: Five species of Nolana (Solanaceae - Nolaneae) from Peru
^ r
V
4*
M
a amigma &
° DiIl0n, LdVa
^ Qui
uscoa Photograph 2165
f*(^HA^O)^ P of holotype material of Leiva ct al.
-
Leiva &Quipuseoa.
S. Photograph 2165
of holotype material of Leiva al
Ct
?4
1
2007
Arnaldoa
4(2): 7 - 90,
1 1
1 1
MO.
Nolana arequipensis Dillon &Quipuscoa, Hofftnannseggia prvstrata Lag. ex IX'., lincelia o
2.
Moq
Al
sp. nov. (Fig. 4). ( \iv .Si(.i.L:i!i<:,'\i
and
Tiquilia sp.
74°52 , 80-310 m, No\
590, [15 ,, 26'S, 0], 13
MO.
2005, Dillon, Wen, VQuipuscoa, E. Ortiz,
f.
HUSA
Comks&G. 8790
M. (holotype:
Castillo
HAO, HUT, USM).
US,
isotvpes:F, 20 and m<
m). Overall habit leaf .rph< »gv
>l<
.
wnh.Y
relationships thm<plun
mmonkts,
Nolana
thinophilac afims, sal jioribus
'
'
.
v
.,""
alb ,,>'" •
v,-
s v. /;/t'/ s (/ s
.
GBSS1 waxy marker
Utilizing the or
.
shown
be
stems 25- (Dillon al„ 2007b), N. arequipensis to
Succulent, perennial herbs; prostrate, et is
N
50 cm much-branched, glabrous. Leaves alternate related to, but not the sister species of
long, :
mm,
the recovered in a well-supported clade with several other
to subopposite, sessile to short-petiolate, -3 is
1
mm
blades obovate to oblanceolate, 10-20 long, 2-4 southern Peruvian taxa, including N. confinis (l.M.
mm
Johnst.) l.M. Johns!.. N. johnsnmn Vargas, N. pallida
wide, glabrous, succulent, terete, entire, apically
obtuse, bases cuneate. Inflorescences of solitary flowers l.M. Johnst., N. lycioides l.M. Johnst., N. gayana
5-10 (Guadich.) Koch, cerrateana lrncvra. N. pilosa l.M.
in upper leaf axils, peduncles filiform, glabrous, A',
mm mm
2-3 wide anthesis, Johnst, N. volcanica Ferreyra N. tomentclla Ferreyra,
long; calyx tubular, at
mm
glabrous, the tube ca. 5 long; bibbed, the lobes and N. thiwphila l.M. Johnst
mm mm
1-2 long, 1-2 wide; corollas
deltoid, equal,
Unusual morphotypes have been observed the
in
mm
6-12 wide, white,
hypocrateriform to tubular,
may
region of the type locality that represent the
purple, veined, glabrous, externally
The
products of hybridization events. molecular data
mm mm
7-12 2 wide, 5-
glabrous, the tube long, ca.
some
also suggest hybridization and/or introgression
mm
mm
5-8 2-4 wide;
lobed, the lobes acute, long,
on
stamens filaments inserted lower third of corolla,
5,
mm mm arequipensis (Dillon et al. 8790, clone ) is recovered in
1
two 3.5-4.5 long,
q -3 long,
1 1
and
a clade containing N. gayana N. tomentella (Dillon
mm
0.8-
anther thecae 1-1.5 long,
pilose at the base;
2007b). The other clones of N. arequipensis group
et
al.,
mm
wide, white, glabrous. Ovary glabrous, ca. 0.8
.2
1
mm
mm mm,
2
wide, basal nectar ca. 1.5
long,
ca.
I
mm
the stigma
carpels, the style included, ca. 8 long, The highly reduced gynoecium composed of only
mm
Mericarps
capitate, green, ca. 0.5 in diameter. 2, two fused mericarps (Fig. 5C), not seen among
large, is
expanding
included within the Sdava
equal, strongly united, inv other extant Peruvian notable that
It is
mm
calyx; mericarps each with 4-6 seeds, ca. 6 long, the Nolana species which do occur sympatru all\. e
i .
mm
mm
embryo curved, 2 long. and
ca. 5 wide, the ca. N. plicata l.M. Johnst. N. tovariana
October-November. more and found
Ferreyra, are distantly related in a
:
and
Vrreyra N.
clade with N.
i
and Nolana
Distribution ecology. arequipensis is &
and
Ruiz Further sampling analysis are
Pav.
infiata
Kms)
160
16°15'S
from 15°I5'S to (ca.
distributed
more understand
needed relation
to fully
and found sandy
along the southern coast of Peru, is in
these southern Peruvian species.
between 100-300 m. These areas
soils at elevations
Additional material examined. Peru. Dpto.
vegetation including the following Arequipa: Prov Camana, Lomas of Ocona, 285 m, 4
i ca.
&
N.
<pathulata, N. plicata l.M. Johnst, Nov 1983, M.O. Dillon D. Dillon 3861 Prov.
(F).
171-190,2007
14(2):
i
- Nolaneae)
fi
Novl983,MQ 5l8yl<m590,80-310m, Nov M.O.
Lomas 300 n 13 2005,
Dillon,}.
Caraveli, of Jahuay, ca.
& G
&D. M.
3768 31 S of Atico, 110- Wen, VQuipuscoa, E. Ortiz, Cormles Castillo 8793
Dillon Dillon (F); ca.
i
M
Q & ZMw
HAO, HUSA, HUT, USM); Grand
Nov 355/ US, Alto
140 m, 4 1983, D. (F); (F
£>7Zb?i
km Lomas 5°
in 525 Fanamericana Sur cerca de Jahuay 24,4'S-
Ik's n< is.ik-.trlahu i,i. 1
)
I. 1
I
Hwy Nov
FunAmericana 5 Oct 1984, Ohga (MAK22531 74° 53,2 O, 321 m, 19 2007, VQuipuscoa,
1);
E M.
hilltop lx-tween Jahuay and Sim Juan, 18 Oct 1984, Oka Dillon, ( >niz, L. Cdcetvs, Cueva, K. Durand, D. Ramos
&
Km
3529 HAO, HUSA, HUT, USM).
(MAK229699); Bella Union, Sur de Nazca entre N. Castw (F,
2(K
171-190,
Arnaldoa
14(2):
v
M.O.Dillon
ScQuipuscoa,
=
(Fig
and
TYPE: PERU. Dpto. Arequipa. Distribution ecology: This species has a
Prov. Caraveli.
Lomas
Dist. Atico. of Atico, prostrate herb;
southern from
Nov Peru, 15°50'S to 16°50'S.
flws. lavender, [16°14'S, 73°39'W], 2
,
&
1983, M. 3836 lomas species include the following, Hi
O. Dillon D. Dillon
HUSA;
HAO, HUT, IcthUivwitm pilosum Rui/
(holotype: >Sl
isotypes: I
F,
'
MO,
USM).
NY, US,
lyvninipn
sp.7/uV; Rob. Nolana
ni Asteraceae),
(all
1 1
N.
aticoana Ferrevra (both Solanaceae). Palaua
infiata,
Malvaceae),
Tetragonia (Aizoaceae),
sp.
(
and Lam.
Croton ahufolms Luphorbiaceae).
(
Relationships: Material of taxon had
Succulent, annua] links; stems this
prostrate,
name
previously been placed under the \ohma conmata
much-branched,
Ionic glabrous Leaves
alte
i
l>l.,de
mm mm
0-40
oblanceolate, long, 2-6.5
1 ^
succulent, trismus, entire. apicalK' acute to obtuse,
bases cuneaic sersm '.:
tipjx'i
!
mm
"-20 .;-:..•
leal axils, du long; :.
p<
mm
angular mericarps with Fora
then' interior faces united.
suhurceolate campanulate, wide
ealy.x to 7-1 at
5
mm
5-10 fuller explanation of the classification of N. coronata, see
anthesis, glabrous, the tube long; 5-lobed,
mm
on Taxonomic
the section Notes.
the lobes deltoid, equal, 6-10 long, 4-8 nun wide;
mm
corollas infundibuliform 5 -20 wide, blue to violet, GBSSI waxy
Utilizing the or marker
(Dillon
, 1 et
al.,
deep
or whitish, internally purple, veined, glabrous,
2007b), N. grouped
chancoana, in a clade including
is
mm
12-17 15-20
externally glabrous, the tube long,
the morphologically distinct N. N. and
inflata, plicata,
mm mm
wide, 5-lobed, the lobes acute, 5-8 long, 2-4 The
N. nmsidiia. inflated calyx suggest those found
in
mm
wide; stamens filaments inserted on lower third
5,
mm
of corolla, unequal, three 2-3 long, two 3.5-4.5 species are deep purple and the leaves are
larger,
mm mm
long, pilose at the bases; anther thecae .5-2 and
pubescent.
1 petiolate,
mm
long, 1-1.5 asal nectary, 5
Additional material examined: Dpto. Arequipa
,
carpels, the apitate, green,
st\ Km
None
IVo\ aniana, Ocona, de Ocona,
Dist.
ca.
(
767, 16"26'S-73" 08'O, 300 m, 12 Nov 2005, M.O.
&
V
M.
Wen, Quipuscoa,
Dillon, E. Ortiz, Corrales G.
J.
HAO, HUSA,
8760 HUT, USM);
US, 16"
Castillo
(F,
November-February
Flowering: (September) (August).
28'0, 300 m, Nov
16'S-73" 12 2005, M.O.
Dillon,
J.
&
V
named Magda Wm, M.
Etymology: This species for Dra. Quipuscoa, E. Ortiz, Corrales G. Castilh
is
Chanco, professor of botany and curator at the Museo 8766(F, HAO, HUSA, HUT, US, USM). Prov Caraveli.
km
de Historia Natural 'Javier Prado' of the Universidad Dist. Atico. Lomas of Atico, ca. 48 SE of Chala,
Nacional Mavor de San Marcos in Lima. She has M.O. Dilbn, U. Molau, &lP. Matekaitis 3262 Lomas
(F);
&
worked indergraduate of Jahuay M.O. Dilbn D. Dilbn 3772 Lomas
tireles (F); of
s \ '
I
Atiquipa, M.O. Dilbn SlD. Dilbn 3778 USM); 7
(F, ca.
N
km
of Chala, 10 m, 21 Feb 1998, M.O. M.
Dilbn,
1
&
L
authors has been an enduring quality and our great M. Zapata Martell 8200 HAO).
Tago,
it is (F,

new -
Dillon Five species of Nolana (Solanaceae Nolaneae)
et
al.:
fi
. i
twe new
Dillon species of
et al.\
Camana,
Entre Atico y formation de lomas Succulent, perennial shaibs; stems 50 cm
to
long,
m
Nov
6°1 3.025S, 73°42.054W],5 2005, M.
0. Dillon .2 long. Leaves
[ 1
M
&
G
Wat, V. Quipuscoa, E. Ortiz, Cormles Castillo subopposite, r with short peti
J.
mm mm
8912 HAO, HUT, HUSA, USM); mm
US,
(F, Bella Union, long, the blades elliptic, 8-15 long, 2-3.5
Km Km
Sur de Nazca entre 5 8 y 590, 5"26'S-74 wide, stipitate-glandi u o nt, nit
1 1 ilar, si il<
'0,80-3 Om, Nov
52 13 2005, M.O. Dillon, Wen, V bases cuneate flowers in upper
1 J.
I
&
E
Quipuscoa, Ortiz, M. Corrales G. Castillo 8789 (F, leaf axils, pedui -glandular, 3-6
(-
HAO, HUSA, HUT, USM); mm mm
US,
Atico, entre Atico
12) long; wide
y c
a:
i
mm
MO.
Camana, 16" 10'S-73"48'O,50m, Nov
15 2005,
anthesis, stipitate-glandular, the tube 2.5-3
long,
V mm
&G.
Wen, M.
Dillon, Quipuscoa,
E. Ortiz, Corrales 2.5-3.5 wide; 5-lobed, the lobes lanceolate, equal,
J.
mm mm
8912 HAO, HUSA, HUT, USM); 6"
Castillo US, 3-6 l.>2
(F, long, wide; corollas narrowlv
1
42 mm
3'S-73" 30 m, Nov MD.
'O, 15 2005,
1 Dillon, infundibuliform, 16.5-20 long, 5-lobed, the lobes
).
&
V E mm mm
Wen, M.
Quipuscoa,
Ortiz, Corrales G. Castillo 2-3 long, 5-8.5 wide, retuse, light purple,
8914 HAO, HUSA, HUT, USM);
US, M.O.
(F, Dillon, internally glabrous, externally stipitate-glandular; stamens
Wen, M.
]. V. Quipuscoa, E. Ortiz, Corrales SlG. Castillo 5, included, filaments inserted on lower third of corolla,
8919 HAO, HUSA, HUT, US, USM); Lomas mm mm
(F, de unequal, three 9- long, two 12-14 long, pilose
1 1
Dec mm mm
Atico, 3 1955, R. Fareyra 11727 (USM); Lomas
at the bases; anther thecae 2-2.5 long, 1-1.5
de
Capcc, Dec
acerca a Chala, 3 955, R. Fernyra 11745 wide, purple, glabrous. Ovary glabrous, basal nectary, 5
1
(USM); Hwy mm
PanAmerican
652 S of Lima
at «Cali» carpels, the style included, 7-9 long, the stigma
km mm
gas station (6 S of Chala), Lomas de Capacc,
13 Meriearps
capitate, green, ca. in diameter. 5,
1
Sep 200 mm mm
1957, m, PC. Hutchison 1288 (USM);
unequal, 3.5-4.5 long, 5-7 in diameter, included
Atiquipa, Tanaka 5°
Silaca, entre 48,7 S-
y Atiquipa,
within the
persistent calyx.
1 '
74" 23,8'0,291 Nov
m,
9 2007, M.O.
V. Quipuscoa, Flowering: ember.
1
(< t
E
L
Dillon, Ortiz, Glares, M.
Cueva, K. Durand, D.
named
&N. Etymology: This species for the
Ramos 3557 HAO, HUSA, is
Castro HUT, USM);
(F,
Our
Lomas Santuario of Lady of Chapi where the religious
acerca de Chala, 27 Aug Rahn
1957, 063
(USM); icon, Virgin de Chapi, resides southwest of Arequipa.
Atiquipa, Oct
863, Raimondi 10856 (USM);
1
Km Chapi
Legend de
N has that the shrine of the Virgin
586 km
Panamericana Lomas it
6
Sur, of Atiquipa,
450-860 m, Weigend& was being moved by a priest in 79*
Farther 97/692 97/693
(F), i I
(F),
grew so heavy that became impossible to go any
971694 Lomas
(F); Acarf, de Pongo, 2 Aug 300 it
1947,
m,0. 523 (USM) further. In 884, the statue was transferred to a rustic
Velarde
1
chapel and a Mercedarian missionary built a church,
from
& finished in 1897, and promoted pilgrimages
M.O.
isis Dillon Quipuscoa,
«Ut«
The
nov Arequipa. sanctuary frequently called ie
is
sp. (Fig. 7-9). 1
1
Lourdes» because of a great number of aculous
i
TYPE: PERU.
Dpto. Arequipa, pleted the long
Prov
Arequipa,
Dist.
m
Polobaya. Entre La Gruta y N
el Santuario de Chapi, pilgrimage from Arequipa during the week of
first
[16 45.51'LS, 7I°19.72'LO], 2300 m, 25 Nov
^uake
In 2001 the church was damaged by wi ca
tl
& ,
2000,
Quipuscoa
V. M. 2495
S. L. Cdceres
and
has yet to be
rebuilt.
HUSA;
(holotype,
isotype,
F).
and Known from the
Distribution only
ecology:
berbauere prim
adspectu 6°45.51'S,
type locality near the village of Chapi
( 1
xaxime
simile, sed laminae
foliis oblanceolatis, and a
71°I9.72'W) 45 kms Arequipa
southeast of
ca.
His
stipitati,
corollae valde
infundibularibus,
distance of nearly 60 kms north from the coast.
matibus
parallelis,
notabilus, basibus
bit us. This typical of
arid locality has vegetation