First Southern Hemisphere records of the deepwater scorpionfish Phenacoscorpius megalops (Scorpaenidae)

2018·1.1 MB·English

by  Wibowo, K

Ichthyological note
First Southern Hemisphere records of the deepwater
scorpionfish Phenacoscorpius megalops (Scorpaenidae)
FI
S
© by
Received: 30 Aug. 2017
AEdcciteopr:t eRd. :C 1a9u Osscet. 2017 Kunto WiboWo* (1, 2) & Hiroyuki MotoMura (3)
Résumé. – Premières captures de l’espèce profonde de poisson the Philippines. Subsequently, Motomura (2008) redescribed the
scorpion Phenacoscorpius megalops (Scorpaenidae) dans l’hémis- type specimens, finding the paratypes to include three different
phère sud. species, in addition to P. megalops. Motomura (2008) also syno-
nymized the poorly known nominal species Scorpaenopsis stigma
Deux spécimens de Phenacoscorpius megalops Fowler, 1938,
Fowler, 1938 under P. megalops.
ont été collectés à une profondeur de 481 m au large de l’île de
okamoto et al. (2012) revision of distributional records of
Malo, Vanuatu. Ces captures sont les premières dans l’hémisphère
sud pour cette espèce qui n’avait été répertoriée que dans les parties P. megalops noted the species distribution as including taiwan,
nord et nord-ouest de l’océan Pacifique. Vietnam, the Philippines, indonesia (northern Sulawesi), the
Emperor Seamounts and the Hawaiian islands. However, two scor-
Key words. – Scorpaenidae – Phenacoscorpius megalops – South paenid specimens, collected from Vanuatu and deposited at the
Pacific – Vanuatu – First records. Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, have recently been identified
as P. megalops, based on meristics, morphometrics, head spination
and coloration. They represent the first records of P. megalops from
the Southern Hemisphere and are described below.
The deepwater scorpionfish genus Phenacoscorpius (Scorpae-
Counts and measurements followed Motomura (2008), except
nidae) currently includes six valid species: P. adenensis Norman,
preanal and prepelvic lengths (not measured due to the opened
1939, P. eschmeyeri Parin & Mandrytsa in Mandrytsa, 1992, P. lon-
mouth of both specimens). Standard length is expressed as SL.
gilineatus Motomura, Causse & Struthers, 2012, P. longirostris
Morphometric values are expressed as percentage of SL. the
Motomura & Last, 2009, P. megalops Fowler, 1938 and P. nebris
institutional code follows Sabaj (2016). both specimens (MNHN-
Eschmeyer, 1965. Phenacoscorpius megalops was originally
iC-2012-0833, 81.7 mm and 57.8 mm SL) were collected from
described by Fowler (1938). the type series were collected from
Malo island, Vanuatu (15°41’31.2”S, 167°01’19.2”E) at a depth of
481 m on 17 Sep. 2006.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Counts and measurements of the specimens (MHMN-
iC-2012-0833, 81.7 mm SL and 57.8 mm SL; Fig. 1) were as fol-
lows (means in parentheses): XII, 9 dorsal-fin rays; III, 5 anal-fin
rays; I, 5 pelvic-fin rays; 16-17 pectoral-fin rays, 1 uppermost ray
and 10-11 lower rays unbranched, other rays branched; pored later-
al-line scales 3-5; gill rakers 5-6 + 15 = 20-21; branchiostegal rays
7; body depth 35.5-35.6 (35.5); head length 44.2-45.0 (44.6); head
width 15.5-15.9 (15.7); snout length 11.0; orbital diameter 12.4-
13.0 (12.7); interorbital width at middle of eye 5.0-5.1 (5.1); inter-
orbital width between posterior end of preocular spine bases 5.0-
6.2 (5.6); upper-jaw length 21.9-22.0 (21.9); maxillary depth 6.6-
6.7 (6.7); postorbital length 18.6-19.6 (19.1); predorsal-fin length
39.3-41.4 (40.3); first dorsal-fin spine length 6.0-6.2 (6.1); second
dorsal-fin spine length 10.7 (tip damaged in larger specimen); third
dorsal-fin spine length 14.9-16.6 (15.8); fourth dorsal-fin spine
length 15.2-17.1 (16.2); fifth dorsal-fin spine length 13.1 (tip dam-
aged in smaller specimen); sixth dorsal-fin spine length 12.1 (tip
damaged in smaller specimen); seventh dorsal-fin spine length
11.5-12.1 (11.8); eighth dorsal-fin spine length 9.5-10.2 (9.8); ninth
Figure 1. – Preserved specimens of Phenacoscorpius megalops dorsal-fin spine length 6.6-7.7 (7.1); tenth dorsal-fin spine length
from Malo island, Vanuatu (MHMN-iC-2012-0833). A: 81.7 mm 5.0-5.9 (5.4); eleventh dorsal-fin spine length 5.5-6.2 (5.9); twelfth
SL; B: 57.8 mm SL. dorsal-fin spine length 12.1; longest dorsal-fin soft ray length 18.1
(1) Graduate School of Fisheries, Kagoshima university, 4-50-20 Shimoarata, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan.
(2) research Center for oceanography, LiPi, Jl. Pasir Putih i, ancol timur, Jakarta 14430, indonesia.
(3) the Kagoshima university Museum, 1-21-30 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan. [[email protected]]
* Corresponding author [[email protected]]
Cybium 2018, 42(2): 210-212.
WiboWo & MotoMura First records of Phenacoscorpius megalops in Vanuatu
Figure 2. – Distribution records of Phe-
nacoscorpius megalops. Stars and circle
indicate the previous locality records of
the species and of the specimens report-
ed in this study, respectively.
(ray damaged in larger specimen); first anal-fin spine length 7.8 (tip Acknowledgements. – We express our gratitude to P. Pruvost, P. béarez,
damaged in larger specimen); second anal-fin spine length 16.5- r. Causse, Z. Gabsi, L.-M. Duque Vélez, and all staff of MNHN for their
17.0 (16.7); third anal-fin spine length 12.7-14.9 (13.7); longest assistance during the second author visit to the museum, r. Causse for his
anal-fin soft ray length 19.6-20.0 (19.8); longest pectoral-fin ray translation of English abstract into French, and G.S. Hardy (Ngunguru,
length 35.0 (tip damaged in smaller specimen); pelvic-fin spine New Zealand) for reading the manuscript and providing help with English.
length 14.2-16.1 (15.1); longest pelvic-fin soft ray length 22.3-23.7 KW gratefully acknowledges a Program for research and innovation in
Science and technology (riSEt-Pro) scholarship, provided by the Minis-
(23.0); caudal-fin length 21.3 (tip damaged in smaller specimen);
try for research, technology and Higher Education, republic of indone-
caudal-peduncle length 20.4-21.1 (20.8); caudal-peduncle depth
sia. this study was supported in part by JSPS KaKENHi Grant Numbers
8.3-8.8 (8.6).
JP19770067, JP26241027, JP24370041, JP23580259, and JP26450265;
the Vanuatu specimens agreed closely with the diagnosis and
the JSPS Core-to-Core Program: b asia-africa Science Platforms; the
morphological description of P. megalops given by Motomura
“biological Properties of biodiversity Hotspots in Japan” project of the
(2008) and okamoto et al. (2012): e.g. palatine teeth absent; pec-
National Museum of Nature and Science, tsukuba, Japan; “Establishment
toral-fin rays 16-17, branched rays present; second opercular spine
of research and Education Network on biodiversity and its Conservation
absent in larger specimen and small in smaller one; head width in the Satsunan islands” project of Kagoshima university adopted by the
15.5-15.9% SL; snout length 11.0% SL; orbital diameter 12.4- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and technology, Japan; and
13.0% SL; caudal-peduncle length 20.4-21.1% SL; caudal-pedun- the “island research” project by Kagoshima university.
cle depth 8.3-8.8% SL; body generally whitish with distinct black-
ish dorsal markings; and black blotch on posterior spinous portion
of dorsal fin (Fig. 1). REFERENCES
Phenacoscorpius megalops and P. longirostris are the only spe-
FOWLER H.W., 1938. – Descriptions of new fishes obtained by
cies of the genus currently known to lack palatine teeth (Motomura,
the united States bureau of Fisheries steamer Albatross, chiefly
2008; Motomura and Last, 2009), the former differing from the
in Philippine seas and adjacent waters. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus.,
latter in lacking or having only a small second preopercular spine 85: 31-135.
and branched pectoral-fin rays in adults (vs a well-developed sec-
FriCKE r., KuLbiCKi M. & WaNtiEZ L., 2011. – Checklist of
ond preopercular spine and all pectoral-fin rays unbranched in
the fishes of New Caledonia, and their distribution in the South-
P. longirostris), a greater orbital diameter, longer and deeper caudal west Pacific Ocean (Pisces). Stuttg. Beitr. Naturk. Neue Ser., 4:
peduncle, wider head and shorter snout (Motomura and Last, 2009; 341-463.
okamoto et al., 2012).
MotoMura H., 2008. – Scorpaenopsis stigma Fowler, 1938, a
Phenacoscorpius megalops has previously been recorded in junior synonym of Phenacoscorpius megalops Fowler, 1938,
temperate to tropical waters in the northwestern Pacific ocean, with comments on the type series of P. megalops (teleostei:
including taiwan, Vietnam, the Philippines and indonesia (northern Scorpaenidae). Zool. Stud., 47: 774-780.
Sulawesi) and the Emperor Seamounts, in addition to the Hawaiian MotoMura H. & LaSt P.r., 2009. – Phenacoscorpius longi-
islands (Motomura, 2008; okamoto et al., 2012; Fig. 2). although rostris, a new species of deep water scorpionfish (Scorpaeni-
several studies reported P. megalops from New Zealand and New formes: Scorpaenidae) from the northern tasman Sea, south-
Caledonia (Paulin, 1982; Paulin et al., 1989; rivaton et al., 1990; western Pacific Ocean. Zootaxa, 2290: 27-35.
Fricke et al., 2011), the specimens concerned were re-identified MotoMura H., CauSSE r. & StrutHErS C.D., 2012. –
by Motomura et al. (2012) as P. longilineatus and P. adenensis. Phenacoscorpius longilineatus, a new species of deepwater
accordingly, the specimens from Malo island, Vanuatu, represent scorpionfish from the southwestern Pacific Ocean and the first
the southernmost records of P. megalops (Fig. 2) and first from the records of Phenacoscorpius adenensis from the Pacific Ocean
Southern Hemisphere. (teleostei: Scorpaenidae). Spec. Diver., 17: 151-160.
Cybium 2018, 42(2) 211
First records of Phenacoscorpius megalops in Vanuatu WiboWo & MotoMura
oKaMoto M., MotoMura H., HoSHiNo K., YaNaGiMo- riVatoN J., FourMaNoir P., bourrEt P. & KuLbiCKi M.,
to t. & HaYaSHibara t., 2012. – New records of the 1990. – Catalogue des Poissons de Nouvelle-Calédonie. CChheecckk--
Noline Scorpionfish, Phenacoscorpius megalops (actinoptery- list of Fishes from New Caledonia.. rraappppoorrtt PPrroovviissooiirree.. CCaattaalloo--
gii: Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae), from the Emperor gues, Sciences de la Mer, biologie marine. 170 p. Centre de
Seamounts, central North Pacific. Biogeography, 14: 77-81. Nouméa: orStoM.
PauLiN C.D., 1982. – Scorpionfishes of New Zealand (Pisces: SabaJ P.M.H., 2016. – Standard symbolic codes for institutional
Scorpaenidae). N. Z. J. Zool., 9: 437-450. resource collections in herpetology and ichthyology: an online
PauLiN C.D., StEWart a., robErtS C. & MCMiLLaN P., reference. Version 6.5 (16 aug. 2016). Electronically accessi-
1989. – New Zealand Fish: a Complete Guide. 279 p. National ble at http://www.asih.org/, american Society of ichthyologists
Museum of New Zealand Miscellaneous Series No. 19. Wel- and Herpetologists, Washington, DC.
lington: Government Printing Office.
212 Cybium 2018, 42(2)