First International Antarctic Krill Biology Symposium

84 Pages·2017·0.79 MB·English

by  Andrew Brierley

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First International Antarctic Krill Biology Symposium – Wilmington, USA, October 1982
Second International Symposium on Krill – Santa Cruz, USA, August 1999
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Contents
WelcometoStAndrews,andtotheUniversityofStAndrews 2
WelcometotheThirdInternationalSymposiumonKrill 3
Prizes 3
SymposiumSchedule
MonJune12 Groupliving:biologyandbehaviour 4
TueJune13 Mythsandlegends:linkstoice;depthdistribution;populationtrajectories 5
WesternAntarcticPeninsulaPanel 6
WedJune14 Ecosystems:whyarekrillsosuccessful? 7
ThuJune15 Newapproachestobustthemyths:technologyandalooktothefuture 9
Krillinwinter 9
FriJune16 Whatcanwelearnfromkrillfisheries? 11
ARK-sponsoredkrillfishingworkshop 11
Abstracts
Oralpresentations(inorderofpresentation) 13
Posterpresentations(inalphabeticalorderbyleadauthor) 63
ListofDelegates 76
AuthorIndex 79
KeyTimings
Registration SundayJune11,16:00–19:00
BellPettigrewMuseum,ButeMedicalBuilding,Queen’sTerrace
LateRegistration MondayJune12,08:00–08.45
LowerCollegeHall,StSalvator’sQuad,NorthStreet
PosterSet-up MondayJune12,08:00–08.45
LowerCollegeHall,StSalvator’sQuad,NorthStreet
SymposiumStart MondayJune12,09:10
School1,StSalvator’sQuad,NorthStreet
ARKWorkshop FridayJune16,14:00–18:00
School1,StSalvator’sQuad,NorthStreet
1
WelcometoStAndrews,andtotheUniversityofStAndrews
StAndrewssitsontheeastcoastoftheKingdomofFife,facingouttotheNorthSea.Thetown’snamederives
fromtheclaimthatitistherestingplaceofthebonesoftheApostleStAndrew.Accordingtolegend,St
Regulus(orRule;hencethepubname!)broughttherelicshere,andashrinewasestablishedfortheir
venerationandsafekeeping.TherehasbeenanimportantchurchinStAndrewssinceatleastthe8thcentury,
andthetownwastheecclesiasticalcapitalofScotlanduntiltheReformation.Thecathedralnowliesinruins.
TheUniversityofStAndrewswasfoundedbetween1410and1413.Itisthethirdoldestuniversityinthe
English-speakingworld,andtheoldestinScotland.ItispresentlyrankedthirdintheUK,andhasabout9,000
students.MarinescienceattheUniversityhasitsoriginsintheStAndrewsFisheriesLaboratory,whichwas
establishedin1884toenableProfessorWilliamMcIntoshtocarryoutresearchonthelifehistoryoffishin
supportoftheRoyalCommissiononTrawling.AtthattimetheUniversityhadonlyabout200students.
TheGattyMarineLaboratoryontheEastSands(whichfeaturesonthefrontcoverofthisbooklet)wasopened
in1896followingagenerousgiftfromCharlesHenryGatty,aVictorianamateurnaturalistandphilanthropist.
StaffnowworkingattheGattyareengagedinawidevarietyofmarineresearch,includingonkrill,andusea
numberofresearchvesselssuchasthepresentandpreviousRoyalResearchShipDiscovery.TheoriginalRRS
DiscoverywasbuiltinDundee,about15milesfromStAndrewsoverthe‘SilveryTay’.Shewaslaunchedin
1901andherfirstmissionwastheBritishNationalAntarcticExpedition,carryingRobertFalconScottand
ErnestShackletontotheAntarctic.Later,in1923,theshipwaspurchasedbytheCrownAgentsforthe
ColoniesforresearchintheAntarctic.Sheunderwenta£114,000refit,wasregisteredtoStanleyinthe
FalklandIslandsand,inOctober1925,sailedwithzoologistSirAlisterHardyaboardfortheSouthernOceanas
partoftheDiscoveryInvestigations.
TheGattyMarineLaboratoryisnowpartofthemultidisciplinaryScottishOceansInstitute,whichhoststhe
DirectorateoftheMarineAllianceforScienceandTechnologyforScotland(MASTS).MASTSisapooling
initiativeoftheScottishFundingCouncilwith£18millionfundingbetween2010and2017,andafounding
partneroftheEuropeanMarineBiologyResourceCentre,aEuropeanResearchInfrastructurecomprising10of
Europe’sleadingmarinestationsandtheEuropeanMolecularBiologyLaboratory.TheMASTSFisheriesForum
hasfundedoneoftheTravelBursariestothisSymposium.
AswellasbeingtheyearoftheThirdInternationalSymposiumonKrill,2017isthe100thanniversaryofthe
publicationof‘OnGrowthandForm’byD’ArcyWentworthThompson.Thompsonheldthepositionof
ProfessorofNaturalHistoryatUniversityCollege,Dundee,for32years,andthenatStAndrewsfor31years.
Hewasapioneerofmathematicalbiology,andtravelledonexpeditionstotheBeringStrait.Thompsonused
hisbooktoarguethatCharlesDarwin’snaturalselectionwasnottheonlymajorinfluenceontheoriginand
developmentofspeciesandtheiruniqueforms:“Ingeneralnoorganicformsexistsavesuchasarein
conformitywithphysicalandmathematicallaws.”
StAndrewsisknownworldwideas‘TheHomeofGolf’.ThisisinpartbecausetheRoyalandAncientGolfClub,
foundedin1754,exerciseslegislativeauthorityoverthegameworldwide(exceptintheUnitedStatesand
Mexico),andalsobecausethefamousOldCourseisthemostfrequentvenueforTheOpenChampionship,the
oldestofgolf'sfourmajorchampionships.
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WelcometotheThirdInternationalSymposiumonKrill
Thisevent,theThirdInternationalSymposiumonKrill,followstheFirstInternationalAntarcticKrillBiology
Symposium,heldinWilmington,USA,in1982,andtheSecondInternationalSymposiumonKrill,heldinSanta
Cruz,alsoUSA,in1999.Alothappensinkrillresearchinthe‘regular’16or17yearsbetweensymposia,and
thisweek’spresentationsaresettorevealmanyexcitingscientificdevelopments.Ithasbeenrewardingto
receiveabstractsubmissionsfrommanycornersoftheworld,bothfromnamesthatarenewtokrillresearch
andnamesthatarenotsonew!WearefortunatetohaveamongstusthisweekBobGeorge,theconvenorof
theFirstInternationalAntarcticKrillBiologySymposium,andalsotheonepersonwhowillhaveparticipatedin
allthreegatherings!
AdditionaltothisThirdSymposiumisdedicationoftimetoconsiderationofkrillfishing.Science,ofcourse,
underpinssuccessfulfisherymanagement,andfishers–withtheirextensiveexperienceoftheopenocean–
haveoftenbeenabletoprovideinsightintotheoperationoffisheriesecosystems.Itisthehopethat,by
bringingthetwocommunitiestogether,thisSymposiumwillservetoopenaneweraincollaboration.We
thanktheAssociationofResponsibleKrillharvestingcompanies(ARK)forsupportingthisexercisefinancially,
andthePewFoundationforadditionalfinancialsupport.
WewishyouaproductiveandenjoyableweekinStAndrews,
AndrewBrierleyandKeithReid,Convenors.
Prizes
WewillbeawardingaYoungPresenterprizeforthebestoralpresentationbyadelegateundertheageof25.
TheDeaconMedalwillbeawardedattheSymposiumdinner.TheMedalwasestablishedbytheGeorge
InstituteforBiodiversityandSustainabilityinrecognitionofSirGeorgeDeacontohonourascientistwhohas
builtabridgebetweentwodisciplinesinoceanscience.AttheFirstInternationalAntarcticKrillBiology
Symposium,SirGeorgeemphasisedtheneedtorecognisetheimportanceofboththephysicalandbiological
oceanographyoftheSouthernOceantounderstandkrill-basedAntarcticmarineecosystems.
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Schedule
MondayJune12 School1,StSalvator’sQuad,NorthStreet
09:10–09:20 Openingremarks AndrewBrierleyandKeithReid
09:20–09:30 WelcometoStAndrews IanBoyd,ChiefScientist,Defra
Groupliving:biologyandbehaviour
09:30–10:20 Keynote:Proto-cooperationinbillfish JensKrause
10:20–10:30 Discussion
10:30–11:00 Morningcoffee
11:00–11:05 Introductiontothesession Chair:AndrewBrierley
11:05–11:25 Detectingsatiationsinkingwithinopenocean GeraintTarling
krillswarms
11:25–11:45 VerticaldynamicsofkrillMeganyctiphanesnorvegica MariánPeña
intheBayofBiscay
11:45–12:05 Passivelypatchy?Understandingthedistributionand SoKawaguchi
formationofkrillsurfacepatches
12:05–12:25 Inter-annualvariationinkrillswarmstructureand SophieFielding
distributionatSouthGeorgia
12:25–13:55 Lunch
13:55–14:00 Housekeepingannouncements Chair:KeithReid
14:00–14:20 Modellingthedeterminantsandpropertiesof JeffreyDorman
euphausiidaggregationsintheCaliforniaCurrent
14:20–14:40 Lipiddynamicsandforagingstrategiesofnorthern JoryCabrol
krillspecies:howtodealwithseasonalchangesin
asubarcticenvironment
14:40–15:00 Canfattyacidanalysisrevealvariationinthefeeding HaitingZhang
environmentofAntarctickrill(Euphausiasuperba)
intheaustrallatefall?
15:00–15:20 ThedualeffectofAntarctickrillonphytoplankton KatrinSchmidt
blooms:grazingandnutrientsupply
15:20–15:50 Afternoontea
15:50–16:10 EvaluatingthehypoxictoleranceofAntarctickrillat NellyTremblay
itsrange-edge
16:10–16:30 SexdeterminationinAntarctickrill:mechanismsand LeonieSuter
molecularmethods
16:30–17:30 Discussion
19:30 ScreeningofthefilmLicencetoKrill,followedbyQ&A BuchananLectureTheatre
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Schedule
TuesdayJune13 School1,StSalvator’sQuad,NorthStreet
09:00–09:05 Housekeepingannouncements
Mythsandlegends:linkstoice;depthdistribution;populationtrajectories
09:05–09:55 Keynote:Mythsandlegends:linkstoice;depth BettinaMeyer
distribution;populationtrajectories
09:55–10:05 Discussion
10:05–10:10 Introductiontothesession Chair:GeraintTarling
10:10–10:30 Isthererobustevidenceforamajordeclineinkrillinthe MartinCox
SouthWestAtlantic?
10:30–11:05 Morningcoffee
11:05–11:25 KRILLBASErevealsspatial-temporalchangesinkrilldensity, SimeonHill
lengthfrequencyandbiomasswithintheSWAtlantic
sectoroftheSouthernOcean
11:25–11:45 FantasticspawningAntarctickrillandwheretofindthem FrancesPerry
11:45–12:05 Larvalrecruitment:whereshoulditbegreatestandwhy? SallyThorpe
12:05–12:25 Densitydistributionofkrilllarvaeduringsummerseasons EmilceRombolá
2011,2012and2014intheAtlanticsectoroftheAntarctic
12:25–13:55 Lunch
13:55–14:00 Housekeepingannouncements Chair:SoKawaguchi
14:00–14:20 Effectsofoceanacidificationonthephysiologyand JessicaEricson
biochemistryofadultAntarctickrill
14:20–14:40 Krilldistributioninresponsetodecadalwarming BobGeorge
evidencedbyice-shelfdisintegrationofftheWestern
AntarcticPeninsula,andchangingcarbonate
chemistryintheSouthernOceanthreatening
krilleggdevelopment
14:40–14:50 Discussion
14:40–15:20 WesternAntarcticPeninsulaPanel,Part1(seepage6) Chair:BobGeorge
15:20–15:50 Afternoontea
15:50–17:30 WesternAntarcticPeninsulaPanel,Part2(seepage6) Chair:BobGeorge
Evening Free
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Schedule
WesternAntarcticPeninsulaPanel
KrillintheWesternAntarcticPeninsulaRegionTodayversus2100
SuggestedandcoordinatedbyBobGeorge
ThePanelsessionwillcomprisethreeinvited20-minutetalks,someinvitedcomments,andanopendiscussion.Itwill
beroundedoffwithashortdescriptionofaproposed(byBobGeorge)researchcruisetotheRossSeainaustral
summer2019.
Invitedtalks
14:40–15:00 SouthernOcean‘OceanAcidification’:implications SoKawaguchi
forkrillandkrillfisheries
15:00–15:20 Monitoringecosysteminteractionsbetweenkrilland ChristianReiss
predatorsinrelationtothreatsfromclimatechange
15:20–15:50 Afternoontea
Invitedtalk
15:50–16:10 KrillconnectivitybetweentheWesternAntarctic BobGeorge
Peninsula,BellingshausenSeaandRossSea,and
threatstokrillabundancebypCO shiftsinthe
2
SouthernOcean
Invitedcomments
16:10–16:30 ConsiderationsforkrilloutsidetheWestern SteveNicol
AntarcticPeninsula(PacificandIndianOcean
sectors)
16:30–17:30 Opendiscussion
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Schedule
WednesdayJune14 School1,StSalvator’sQuad,NorthStreet
09:10–09:15 Housekeepingannouncements
Ecosystems:whyarekrillsosuccessful?
09:15–09:20 Introductiontothesession Chair:SallyThorpe
09:20–10:00 Invited:KrilloftheGulfofSt.Lawrence,Canada: GescheWinkler
towardsanecosystembasedstockassessment
10:00–10:10 Discussion
10:10–10:30 TheeuphausiidexceptionintheOxygenMinimumZone JaimeFärberLorda
(OMZ)oftheeasterntropicalMexicanPacific
10:30–11:05 Morningcoffee
11:05–11:25 Transitingthroughavariableseascape:impactsontwo DéborahBenkort
sympatrickrillphysiologyproductivityinthesub-Arctic
GulfofSt.Lawrence,Canada
11:25–11:45 Increasingtemperaturemayshiftavailabilityofeuphausiid KateRicherson
preyintheSouthernOcean
11:45–12:05 Acousticsurveysofkrill:considerationofdifferent InigoEverson
analyticalapproaches
12:05–12:25 Notallkrillare"superb":variabilityinAntarctic,sub- JosephWarren
Arctic,andtemperatekrillmaterialpropertiescancause
erroneousacousticestimatesofkrillbiomass
12:25–13:55 Lunch
13:55–14:00 Housekeepingannouncements Chair:MartinCox
14:00–14:20 That'smyniche!Ecosystemconsequencesofhabitat PaigeKelly
overlapbetweenAntarctickrillandsalpsintheIndian
SectoroftheSouthernOcean
14:20–14:40 Linkingphysiologicalandindividual-basedmodelsto JuergenGroeneveld
understandtheadaptationpotentialofAntarctickrill
toenvironmentalchanges
14:40–15:00 DynamicAntarctickrill:theimportanceofplasticgrowth AndrewConstable
andreproductioninmodelsoftheirpopulations
15:00–15:20 Theeffectoflightregimeontheseasonallifecycleof FlaviaHöring
Antarctickrill,Euphausiasuperba
15:20–15:50 Afternoontea
15:50–16:10 Competition-inducedstarvationdriveslarge-scale AlexeyRyabov
populationcyclesinAntarctickrill
7
Schedule
16:10–16:30 Photoperiodic-dependentmodulationofclockgene FabioPiccolin
expressionintheAntarctickrillanditsimplicationin
seasonaltimekeeping
16:30–17:30 Discussion
19:00 Piper,SymposiumDinnerandwhiskytastingguided LowerCollegeHall
byDavidWishart,authorof‘WhiskyClassified’
8