First Aid/CPR/AED

215 Pages·2012·11.16 MB·English

First Aid/CPR/AED
instructor’s MAnuAL

American Red Cross
First Aid/CPR/AED
INSTRUCTOR’S MANUAL
This instructor’s manual is part of the American Red Cross First Aid/CPR/AED program. Visit redcross.org to
learn more about this program.
The emergency care procedures outlined in this book refl ect the standard of knowledge and accepted emergency
practices in the United States at the time this book was published. It is the reader’s responsibility to stay
informed of changes in emergency care procedures.
PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING TERMS AND CONDITIONS BEFORE AGREEING TO ACCESS
AND DOWNLOAD THE AMERICAN RED CROSS MATERIALS. BY DOWNLOADING THE
MATERIALS, YOU HEREBY AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS.
The downloadable electronic materials, including all content, graphics, images and logos, are copyrighted by and
the exclusive property of The American National Red Cross (“Red Cross”). Unless otherwise indicated in writing
by the Red Cross, the Red Cross grants you (“recipient”) the limited right to download, print, photocopy and use
the electronic materials, subject to the following restrictions:
■ The recipient is prohibited from selling electronic versions of the materials.
■ The recipient is prohibited from revising, altering, adapting or modifying the materials.
■ The recipient is prohibited from creating any derivative works incorporating, in part or in whole, the
content of the materials.
■ The recipient is prohibited from downloading the materials and putting them on their own website
without Red Cross permission.
Any rights not expressly granted herein are reserved by the Red Cross. The Red Cross does not permit its
materials to be reproduced or published without advance written permission from the Red Cross. To request
permission to reproduce or publish Red Cross materials, please submit your written request to The American
National Red Cross.
Copyright © 2011 by The American National Red Cross. All rights reserved.
The Red Cross emblem, American Red Cross® and the American Red Cross logo are trademarks of The American
National Red Cross and protected by various national statutes.
Published by StayWell Health & Safety Solutions
ISBN: 978-1-58480-578-6
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
T
his manual is dedicated to the thousands of employees and volunteers of the American Red Cross
who contribute their time and talent to supporting and teaching life-saving skills worldwide and to the
thousands of course participants and other readers who have decided to be prepared to take action
when an emergency strikes.
This manual refl ects the 2010 Consensus on Science for CPR and Emergency Cardiovascular Care (ECC) and
the Guidelines 2010 for First Aid. These treatment recommendations and related training guidelines have been
reviewed by the American Red Cross Scientifi c Advisory Council, a panel of nationally recognized experts in fi elds
that include emergency medicine, occupational health, sports medicine, school and public health, emergency
medical services (EMS), aquatics, emergency preparedness and disaster mobilization.
The American Red Cross First Aid/CPR/AED Instructor’s Manual was developed through the dedication of both
employees and volunteers. Their commitment to excellence made this manual possible.
The American Red Cross team for this edition included:
Jean Erdtmann Erich Ericson John Thompson
Senior Director Senior Associate Senior Associate
Program Development and Sales Support Program Development Program Administration
Jennifer Deibert Don Lauritzen Adreania Tolliver
Manager Senior Associate Senior Associate
Program Development Operations Program Development
Ted T. Crites, CHES Cheryl Murray Laurie Willshire, MPH, RN
Manager, Technical Development Senior Associate Senior Associate
First Aid, CPR, AED Programs Program Development Program Administration
John Hendrickson Lindsay O’Donnell, CHES Wendy Moltrup, CHES
Project Manager Senior Associate Associate
Sales Support Program Development Program Development
Gina Gunn Mark Schraf Charles Snyder
Project Manager Senior Associate Associate
Sales Support Business Planning Program Development
Guidance and support were provided by the following individuals:
Jack McMaster Scott Conner Don Vardell
President Senior Vice President National Chair
Preparedness and Health and Safety Preparedness and Health and Safety Preparedness and Health and Safety
Services Services Services
Acknowledgments iii
The StayWell team for this edition included:
Nancy Monahan Ellen Beal Lorraine P. Coffey
Senior Vice President Executive Director Senior Developmental Editor
Content and Delivery Platforms
Paula Batt Shannon Bates
Vice President David Cane Senior Production Manager
Sales and Client Services Managing Editor
Amanda Billings
Reed Klanderud Mary Ellen Curry Associate Director, Marketing
Vice President Director of Publication Production
Marketing and Communications Danielle DiPalma
Jennifer Surich Skally Senior Content Manager
Senior Developmental Editor
The following members of the American Red Cross Scientifi c Advisory Council also
provided guidance and review:
David Markenson, MD, Richard N. Bradley, MD, David C. Berry, PhD,
FAAP, EMT-P FACEP ATC, EMT-B
Chair, American Red Cross CPR Subcouncil Chair, American Red Member, American Red Cross
Scientifi c Advisory Council Cross Scientifi c Advisory Council Scientifi c Advisory Council
Chief, Pediatric Emergency Medicine Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine Associate Professor of Kinesiology and
Maria Fareri Children’s Hospital University of Texas Medical School at Athletic Training Education Program
Westchester Medical Center Houston Director
Valhalla, NY Houston, TX Saginaw Valley State University
University Center, MI
Jonathan L. Epstein, MEMS, Jeffrey Pellegrino, PhD,
NREMT-P EMS-I, EMT
Vice Chair, American Red Cross First Aid Subcouncil Chair,
Scientifi c Advisory Council American Red Cross Scientifi c
Northeast EMS, Inc. Advisory Council
Wakefi eld, MA Assistant Director Faculty Professional
Development Center
Kent State University
Kent, OH
The Sounding Board for this edition included:
George Bradby Karen Pounds Danielle Gahl
Senior Safety Engineer Assistant Director, Health and Instructional Programs Manager
Northrup Grumman Shipbuilding Safety Services American Red Cross Serving King and
Hampton Roads Chapter, Greater Houston Area Chapter, Kitsap Counties
American Red Cross American Red Cross Seattle, WA
Carrollton, VA Pearland, TX
Timothy Archuleta
Nathan Deeter Janet Reed Health and Safety Offi cer
HR Training Specialist Training Specialist American Red Cross of Greater Los Angeles
The Arc of Anchorage American Red Cross of Central Los Angeles, CA
Anchorage, AK Massachusetts
Westboro, MA Lynne Osborne
Laura Jackson Manager of Workplace Programs
CPR and First Aid Program William M. Snelling Southeastern Michigan Chapter,
Manager IT/Chair Instructional Support American Red Cross
Greater Kansas City Chapter, Committee Detroit, MI
American Red Cross Southeastern Pennsylvania Chapter,
Kansas City, MO American Red Cross
Philadelphia, PA
iv First Aid/CPR/AED | Instructor’s Manual
TABLE OF CONTENTS
A ADMINISTRATION
SECTION
1 3 SETTING UP AND
CHAPTER INTRODUCTION CHAPTER
RUNNING A COURSE
Purpose of the Program ____________________________1 Recommended Class Size _________________________1 1
Program Participants _______________________________1 Course Times ____________________________________11
Instructor Responsibilities __________________________1 Classroom Space _________________________________11
American Red Cross Resources _____________________2 Class Safety ______________________________________13
Health Precautions for Course Participants __________13
2
CHAPTER PROGRAM DESIGN Participants with Disabilities and Other
Health Considerations _____________________________14
Program Courses and Modules ______________________3
Program Modifi cations for Different Settings _________14
Program Content __________________________________3
Criteria for Course Completion and Certifi cation _______3
Participant Materials _______________________________4
Resources and Materials for Instructors ______________4
Instructional Design Elements in the
First Aid/CPR/AED Program ________________________7
B THE FIRST AID/CPR/AED PROGRAM
SECTION
Lesson 1 Before Giving Care and Checking Lesson 6 Environmental Emergencies _____________53
an Injured or Ill Person __________________17
Lesson 7 Soft Tissue Injuries _____________________57
Lesson 2 Cardiac Emergencies and CPR ___________25
Lesson 8 Injuries to Muscles, Bones and Joints _____63
Lesson 3 AED ___________________________________33
Lesson 9 Conclusion ____________________________71
Lesson 4 Breathing Emergencies _________________41
Lesson 5 Sudden Illness _________________________49
C APPENDICES
SECTION
Appendix A: Activity Resources ___________________83 Appendix F: Criteria for Assessing Participants ____115
Appendix B: Course Outlines _____________________99 Appendix G: AED Resource Information ___________119
Appendix C: Health Precautions and Guidelines Appendix H: Video Segments for the
During Training _____________________103 First Aid/CPR/AED Program _________125
Appendix D: M aster Checklist of Program Materials, Appendix I: Frequently Asked Questions About
Equipment and Supplies _____________105 First Aid, CPR and AED ______________127
Appendix E: Teaching Strategies _________________107 Appendix J: (Optional) Written Exams, Answer
Sheets and Answer Keys ____________139
Table of Contents v

A
ADMINISTRATION
SECTION
1
CHAPTER
INTRODUCTION
Purpose of the Program
The purpose of the American Red Cross First Aid/CPR/ care to a suddenly injured or ill person until more
AED program is to help participants recognize and advanced medical personnel arrive and take over.
respond appropriately to cardiac, breathing and fi rst This program offers a choice of fi rst aid, CPR and AED
aid emergencies. The courses in this program teach courses to meet the various training needs of a diverse
skills that participants need to know to give immediate audience.
Program Participants
The majority of the participants will be taking this They may differ in levels of education or experience.
training outside the traditional academic environment They may be taking these courses to fulfi ll employment
of a high school, college or university. The participants requirements or for personal satisfaction.
could represent a broad range of backgrounds.
Instructor Responsibilities
Your responsibilities as a certifi ed Red Cross ■ Provide for the health and safety of participants
instructor are to: by ensuring that manikins have been properly
cleaned according to the recommendations in
■ Be familiar with course materials and know how to
Manikin Decontamination and Use.
use them to teach effectively.
■ Ensure that the classroom and practice area are
■ Inform participants of evaluation procedures and
free of hazards.
course completion requirements.
■ Ensure that participants are aware of health
■ Create a nonthreatening environment that fosters
precautions and guidelines concerning the
learning.
transmission of infectious diseases during
■ Demonstrate healthy habits while conducting a course
training.
or presentation (e.g., do not smoke during class).
■ Ensure that participants know that they should
■ Adapt your teaching approaches to the experiences
consult you if they have special needs for skill
and abilities of participants to enable them to meet
practice.
the course objectives.
■ Supervise participants while they are practicing
■ Prepare participants to meet the course objectives.
course skills.
■ Be prepared to answer participants’ questions or
■ Provide participants with timely, positive and
know how to fi nd the answers.
corrective feedback as they learn.
CHAPTER 1 | Introduct ion 1
■ Evaluate participants as they perform skills, ■ Be familiar with and inform participants of other
with a focus on the critical performance steps as Red Cross courses and programs.
described in the skill evaluation tools and as shown ■ Identify potential instructor candidates and
on the video.
refer them to the appropriate Red Cross
■ Identify participants who are having diffi culty, representatives.
and develop effective strategies to help them meet ■ Abide by the obligations in the Instructor
course objectives.
Agreement and Code of Conduct and, if applicable,
■ Conduct courses in a manner consistent with the Authorized Provider Agreement.
course design. ■ Represent the Red Cross in a positive manner.
■ Issue course completion certifi cates. ■ Promote volunteer opportunities available through
■ Submit completed course records and reports the Red Cross.
to the Red Cross within 10 working days from
the course completion.
American Red Cross Resources
Keep updated on the latest instructor information by Learning Center provides online access to manage
visiting Instructor’s Corner (instructorscorner.org). instructor and course records, and print certifi cates.
This site features program materials, frequently asked If you need further information or support for your
questions, instructor and program updates and program, contact the Training Support Center at
course-related forms. The American Red Cross 1-800-RED CROSS or [email protected].
2 First Aid/CPR/AED | Instructor’s Manual