First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2014 PDF
Preview First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2014
FIRST AID FOR ® THE USMLE STEP 1 2014 TAO LE, MD, MHS VIKAS BHUSHAN, MD Associate Clinical Professor Diagnostic Radiologist Chief, Section of Allergy and Immunology Los Angeles Department of Medicine University of Louisville MATTHEW SOCHAT, MD MAX PETERSEN Intern, Department of Medicine Medical Scientist Training Program Alpert Medical School of Brown University Yale School of Medicine GORAN MICEVIC KIMBERLY KALLIANOS, MD Medical Scientist Training Program Resident, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging Yale School of Medicine University of California, San Francisco New York / Chicago / San Francisco / Lisbon / London / Madrid / Mexico City Milan / New Delhi / San Juan / Seoul / Singapore / Sydney / Toronto Copyright © 2014 by Tao Le and Vikas Bhushan. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher, with the exception that the program listings may be entered, stored, and executed in a computer system, but they may not be reproduced for publication. ISBN: 978-0-07-183143-7 MHID: 0-07-183143-6 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-0-07-183142-0, MHID: 0-07-183142-8. eBook conversion by codeMantra Version 1.0 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill Education eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions or for use in corporate training programs. To contact a representative, please visit the Contact Us page at www.mhprofessional.com. Previous editions copyright © 1991 through 2013 by Vikas Bhushan and Tao Le. First edition copyright © 1990, 1989 by Vikas Bhushan, Jeffrey Hansen, and Edward Hon. Photo and line art credits for this book begin on page 685 and are considered an extension of this copyright page. Portions of this book identified with the symbol are copyright © USMLE-Rx.com (MedIQ Learning, LLC). Portions of this book identified with the symbol are copyright © Dr. Richard Usatine. Portions of this book identified with the symbol are under license from other third parties. Please refer to page 685 for a complete list of those image source attribution notices. First Aid for the® is a registered trademark of McGraw-Hill Education. 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This page intentionally left blank Contents Contributing Authors vii Acknowledgments for Online Contributors xiii Associate Authors viii How to Contribute xvii Faculty Reviewers ix How to Use This Book xix Preface xi Common USMLE Laboratory Values xx Special Acknowledgments xii First Aid Checklist for the USMLE Step 1 xxii ``SECTION I GUIDE TO EFFICIENT EXAM PREPARATION 1 Introduction 2 Clinical Vignette Strategies 21 USMLE Step 1—The Basics 2 If You Think You Failed 22 Defining Your Goal 12 If You Failed 22 Timeline for Study 12 Testing Agencies 23 Study Materials 17 References 23 Test-Taking Strategies 19 ``SECTION I SUPPLEMENT SPECIAL SITUATIONS 25 First Aid for the International Medical Graduate 26 First Aid for the Podiatric Medical Student 41 First Aid for the Osteopathic Medical Student 36 First Aid for the Student with a Disability 43 ``SECTION II HIGH-YIELD GENERAL PRINCIPLES 45 How to Use the Database 46 Immunology 195 Behavioral Science 49 Pathology 219 Biochemistry 65 Pharmacology 237 Microbiology 119 v ``SECTION III HIGH-YIELD ORGAN SYSTEMS 257 Approaching the Organ Systems 258 Neurology 443 Cardiovascular 261 Psychiatry 499 Endocrine 305 Renal 521 Gastrointestinal 333 Reproductive 551 Hematology and Oncology 373 Respiratory 593 Musculoskeletal, Skin, and Connective Tissue 409 Rapid Review 615 ``SECTION IV TOP-RATED REVIEW RESOURCES 633 How to Use the Database 634 Microbiology and Immunology 653 Question Banks 636 Pathology 657 Question Books 637 Pharmacology 661 Internet Sites 638 Physiology 665 Comprehensive 640 Commercial Review Courses 669 Anatomy, Embryology, and Neuroscience 642 Publisher Contacts 675 Behavioral Science 646 Abbreviations and Symbols 677 Biochemistry 648 Photo Acknowledgments 685 Cell Biology and Histology 651 `` Index 695 About the Authors 761 vi Contributing Authors FADY AKLADIOS ANDREW MARTELLA Medical University of the Americas Duke University School of Medicine Class of 2013 Class of 2014 RAHUL S. DALAL MICHAEL DEAN MEHLMAN Alpert Medical School of Brown University MD/PhD Candidate Class of 2015 University of Queensland, Australia School of Medicine MATTHEW FOGLIA KENNY PETTERSEN MD/PhD Candidate University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine Duke University School of Medicine Class of 2015 ASHWANI GORE PATRICK SYLVESTER St. George’s University School of Medicine The Ohio State University College of Medicine Class of 2015 Class of 2015 ELIZABETH L. MARSHALL Alpert Medical School of Brown University Class of 2015 Image and IllustratIon team WHITNEY GREEN, MD KACHIU C. LEE, MD, MPH Resident, Department of Pathology Resident, Department of Dermatology Johns Hopkins Hospital Alpert Medical School of Brown University PRAMOD THEETHA KARIYANNA, MBBS JERRY T. LOO, MD Research Scholar, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Resident, Department of Diagnostic Radiology University of Michigan Medical School University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine vii Associate Authors DAVID H. BALLARD RAZA MUSHTAQ Louisiana State University Health Shreveport School of Medicine St. George’s University School of Medicine Class of 2015 Class of 2015 ASHLEIGH C. BOUCHELION SATYAJIT REDDY MD/PhD Candidate Alpert Medical School of Brown University Howard University College of Medicine Class of 2015 JAMES M. GRAY SASMIT SARANGI, MBBS University College Dublin School of Medicine and Medical Science Research Scholar, Division of Hematology/Oncology Class of 2014 Massachusetts General Hospital JOUZIF IBRAHIM GRETEL TERRERO Medical University of the Americas Alpert Medical School of Brown University Class of 2014 Class of 2015 EMILY LI OLIVIER P. VAN HOUTTE Alpert Medical School of Brown University Alpert Medical School of Brown University Class of 2015 Class of 2015 M. SCOTT MOORE STEPHANIE J. WONG Midwestern University Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine Boston University School of Medicine Class of 2014 Class of 2015 Image and IllustratIon team UTKARSH ACHARYA, DO MICHAEL B. NATTER Fellow, Department of Hematology-Oncology Jefferson Medical College University of Arizona Cancer Center Class of 2017 SEAN AARON LISSE PATRICK SYLVESTER University of Michigan Medical School The Ohio State University College of Medicine Class of 2014 Class of 2015 viii Faculty Reviewers MARIA ANTONELLI, MD DEEPALI JAIN, MD Rheumatology Fellow, Department of Medicine Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology Metrohealth Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University All India Institute of Medical Sciences BRIAN C. JENSEN, MD LINDA AWDISHU, PHARMD, MAS Assistant Professor of Medicine and Pharmacology Assistant Clinical Professor of Pharmacy University of North Carolina School of Medicine UCSD Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences KURT E. JOHNSON, PhD ADITYA BARDIA, MBBS, MPH Professor of Anatomy & Regenerative Biology Attending Physician, Massachusetts General Hospital George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences Harvard Medical School GERALD LEE, MD LINDA S. COSTANZO, PhD Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics Professor of Physiology & Biophysics University of Louisville School of Medicine Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine ALAN I. LEIBOWITZ, MD CHARLES S. DELA CRUZ, MD, PhD Professor of Medicine, Banner Good Samaritan Medical Center Assistant Professor, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix Yale School of Medicine WARREN LEVINSON, MD, PhD CONRAD FISCHER, MD Professor, Department of Microbiology & Immunology University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine Residency Program Director, Brookdale University Hospital Brooklyn, New York Associate Professor of Medicine, Physiology, and Pharmacology NICHOLAS MAHONEY, MD Touro College of Medicine Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology Wilmer Eye Institute/Johns Hopkins Hospital STUART D. FLYNN, MD PETER MARKS, MD, PhD Dean, College of Medicine University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine MATTHEW GARABEDIAN, MD, MPH MICHAEL S. RAFII, MD, PhD Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Assistant Professor of Neurosciences Santa Clara Valley Medical Center University of California, San Diego Health System RYAN C. W. HALL, MD DANIEL J. RUBIN, MD, MSC Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology University of South Florida Temple University School of Medicine JEFFREY W. HOFMANN JOSEPH L. SCHINDLER, MD The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Assistant Professor of Neurology and Neurosurgery MD/PhD Candidate Yale School of Medicine ix
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