First Aid for the Pediatric Boards, 2nd Edition PDF
Preview First Aid for the Pediatric Boards, 2nd Edition
SECOND EDITION Your 11insider's guide" to passing the boards and in-service exams Summary of high-yield topics ideal for last-minute review Hundreds of key tables and illustrations Board-proven mnemonics and clinical pearls This page intentionally left blank FIRST AID FOR THE® PEDIATRIC BOARDS Second Edition TAO LE, MD, MHS ALAN SCHROEDER, MD Assistant dinical Professor of Pediatrics and Medical Director, PICU and Chief of Inpatient Medidne Pediatrics Chief, Section of Allergy and Immunology Santa Oara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, Department of Medicine california Unive..,;ily of Louisville Affiliate Clinicallnsbudor, Stanford Unive..,;ily Sd1ool of Medicine WILBUR A. LAM, MD, PhD KIMBERLY VERAw MD Assistant Professor Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatrics Cardiology Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Department of Pediatrics Unive..,;ity of California, San Frandsco vanderbilt University Department of Bioengineering Unive..,;ity of california, Berkeley SHERVIN RABIZADEH, MD, MBA Pediatric Gastroenterology Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center Cedars-Sinai Medical Center II Medical Nevv York I Chicago I San Frandsco I Usbon I London I Madrid I Mexico City Milan I Nevv Delhi I San Juan I Seoul/ Singapore I Sydney I Toronto nr~ McGraw·HJ/1 CompanieS Copyright C 2010 by Tao I.e. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part oft his publication may be reproduced or dis tributed in any form or by any meanJI, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission oft he publisher. 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DEDICATION To the contributors to this and future editions, who took time to share their knowledge, insight, and humor for the benefit of residents and clinidans. and To our families, friends, and loved ones, who endured and assisted in the task of assembling this guide. CONTENTS Authors vii Senior Reviewers viii Preface ix Acknowledgments xi How to Contribute xiii Chapter 1 Guide to the ABP Examination Chapter 2 Adolescent Health 7 Chapter 3 Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology 35 Chapter 4 Cardiology 59 Chapter 5 Dermatology 93 Chapter 6 Emergency and Critical Care Medicine 137 Chapter 7 Endocrinology 175 Chapter 8 Gastrointestinal System and Nutrition 211 Chapter 9 Growth, Development. and Behavior 261 Chapter 10 Hematology 285 Chapter 11 Human Genetics and Development 309 Chapter 12 Infectious Disease 337 Chapter 13 The Musculoskeletal System and Sports Medicine 395 Chapter 14 Neonatology 425 Chapter 15 Neurology 475 Chapter 16 Oncology 519 Chapter 17 Preventive Pediatrics, Ethics, and Epidemiology 543 Chapter 1B The Pulmonary System 567 Chapter 19 The Renal System 601 Color Insert follows page 626 Index 629 About the Authors 657 v This page intentionally left blank AUTHORS ELOA ADAMS. MD NICOLE D. MARSICO. MD Instructor, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Clinical Instructor, General Pediatrics Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stmford University School of Medicine Stanford University Medical Center ALLISON GEORGE AGWU. MD AMY McCAMMOND. MD Assistant Professor IMPAACT Fellow Pediatric Cardiology Co-PI Divisions of Adult & Pediatric Infectious Diseases Oregon Health and Science University Johns Hopkins University ALl MOHAMADI. MD SONIA ARORA BALLAL MD Fellow, Pediatric Endocrinology Fellow, Gastroenterology and Nutrition Johns Hopkins University Children's Hospital Boston DAVID R. BERK,. MD THIDA ONG. MD Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Dermatology Fellow, Pediatric Pulmonary Washington University School of Medicine University of California, San Francisco St Louis Children's Hospital StLouis, MO MARK PETERSEN. MD Fellow, Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine WHITNEY L. BROWNING. MD University of California, San Francisco Assistantt Professor of Pediatrics Division of Hospital Medicine Monroe Carell Jr Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt COZUMEL S. PRUETTE. MD. MS CHRIS CARPENTE~ MD, MPH Chief Resident, Pediatrics Fellow, Pediatric Nephrology Attending Physician, Pediatrics Department Johns Hopkins University University of California, San Francisco DAVID V. SMITH. MD W. CLAY GUSTAFSON, MD, PhD Fellow, Pediatric Sports Medicine Fellow, Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Department of Pediatrics/Ortho & Rehab UCSF Children's Cancer and Blood Diseases Division of Sports Medicine University of California, San Francisco University of Wisconsin SANJAY K. JAIN. MD HILARY J. TINKEL VERNON. MD. PhD Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Director, Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research Resident, Pediatrics and Genetics Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Center for Tubera.llosis Research McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Johns Hopkins University ERIN JANSSEN. MD. Ph.D KRISTIE YOUNG. MD Fellow, Pediatric Rheumatology Fellow, Pediatric Cardiology Children's Hospital Boston Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt VII SENIOR REVIEWERS REBECCA BLANKENBURG, MD, MPH GREGORY H. GORMAN, MD MHS Clinical Instructor, General Pediatrics Section on Pediatric Nephrology Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Walter Reed National Military Medical Center Slanford University Medical Center Unifonned Services University of the Health Sciences JULIE BOKSER. MD SHANNON E. G. HAMRICK.-MD Pediatrician Assistant Professor of Neonatology and Cardiology San Mateo Medical Center Department of Pediatrics Emory University DANIEL R. BROWN, MD, PhD RYAN MILLER. MD Post-<loctoral Fellow, Pathology Harvard Medical School Instructor, Pediatrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine MARIA KARAPELOU BROWN, MD DAVID PARRA, MD Instructor Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Assistant Professor Division of Pediatric Cardiology ANNA BRUCKNER. MD Vanderbilt Children's Hospital Assistant Professor of Dennatology and Pediatrics NEAL ROJAS, MD S!anford University School of Medicine Director of Pediatric Dennatology Fellow, Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Boston Children's Hospital Department of Pediatrics ALBERT CHAN, MD Harvard Medical School Pediatric Hospitalist DEBBIE C. SAKAGUCHI SAKAl, MD Kaiser Oakland Medical Center Clinical Instructor, Department of Pediatrics CURTIS CHAN, MD, MPH Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Assistant Health Officer KARIN SALIM, MD San Mateo County Health System Medical Director, Pediatric Unit RONALD D. COHN, MD Co-medical Director, Pediatric Transport Kaiser Permanente, Oakland Assistant Professor Pediatrics, Neurology, Mcl<usick-Nathans Institute of Genetic SHANNON SULLIVAN, MD Medicine Director, Medical Genetics Residency Program Instructor, Sleep Medicine Division Director, Johns Hopkins Center for Hypotonia Stanford University Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine AMY SAROFF WEISS, MD LAURIE CONKLIN, MD Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Georgetown University Hospi!al Children's National Medical Center Washington, DC FATMA DEDEOGLU, MD Attending Physician, Rheumatology Boston Children's Hospital Instructor, Pediatrics Harvard Medical School viii PREFACE With First Aid for® the Pediatric Boards, our goal is to continue to provide residents and clinicians with the most useful and up-to-date preparation guide for the American Board of Pediatrics (ABP) certification and recertification exams. This second edition represents an outstanding effort by a talented group of authors and includes the following: • A practical exam preparation guide with resident-tested test-taking and study strategies • Revised and expanded summaries of thousands of pediatric board testable topics • Hundreds of high-yield tables, diagrams, and illustrations • Key facts in the margins highlighting "must know" information for the boards • More mnemonics throughout, making learning memorable and fun • Mini-cases that illustrate how pediatric concepts may be tested on the exam We invite you to share your thoughts and ideas to help us improve First Aid for the® Pediatric Boards, Second Edition. See How to Contribute, p. xiii. Louisville Tao Le San Francisco Wilbur A. Lam Los Angeles Shervin Rabizadeh Palo Alto Alan Schroeder Nashville Kimberly Vera IX
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