W a Second Edition xm a n FINANCIAL BUSINESS MANAGEMENT and F I N DOCTOR NURSING PRACTICE Second Edition for the of A N C I A KT Waxman L FFIINNAANNCCIIAALL DNP, MBA, RN, CNL, CHSE, CENP, FAAN, Editor a aanndd n d B U First Edition Awarded Second Place in 2013 AJN Book of the Year Awards! S I N BBUUSSIINNEESSSS The second edition of this award-winning text, designed specifically for the DNP course E S in health care economics and finance, remains the only book to embed economic and S financial concepts in the context of nursing practice and nursing health care systems. Well M organized and clearly written, the second edition is updated to encompass key changes to A N reimbursement and health care regulations and provides revised statistics throughout. It MMAANNAAGGEEMMEENNTT A offers new information on ambulatory care, cost and ratio analysis, additional examples of G E financial statements, and an updated sample business plan. Enhanced teaching strategies M include real-life case studies, challenging critical thinking questions, learning games, key E N terms in each chapter, and an extensive glossary. New PowerPoint slides add to the text’s T DDOOCCTTOORR value as a robust teaching tool. fo ffoorr tthhee r t h Written by experienced DNP executives for DNPs, the book emphasizes critical skills e D nurse leaders need to participate in strategic health care planning. It delivers a practical O approach to business, finance, economics, and health policy that is designed to foster sound C NNUURRSSIINNGG T business practice and leadership. The text clearly explicates the relationship between cost O ooff R of care, quality of care, and ethics, and examines the economic and financial implications o of evidence-based practice and quality. Also included is a special section on finance for f N independent practitioners. Additionally, the book delivers required competencies of the U R PPRRAACCTTIICCEE AACN Essentials and the AONE. S I N G New to the Second Edition: P R • Updated statistics throughout A C • New information on ambulatory care T I • A cost and ratio analysis C E • Additional examples of financial statements ES • Updated business plan de • Enhanced faculty support itioncond • PowerPoint slides ISBN 978-0-8261-2206-3 KT Waxman Editor 11 W. 42nd Street New York, NY 10036-8002 9 780826 122063 www.springerpub.com Financial and Business Management for the Doctor of Nursing Practice KT Waxman, DNP, MBA, RN, CNL, CHSE, CENP, FAAN, is a nurse leader with more than 30 years of experience in health care and corporate settings. She has held positions as chief nursing officer, chief operating officer, vice president for Patient Care Services, and senior man- ager in a large consulting firm. In 2009, Dr. Waxman made the leap to academia. Currently she is an associate professor in the School of Nursing and Health Professions at the University of San Francisco where she directs the Executive Leadership Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) program and teaches advanced financial management. She created and implemented the Cali- fornia Simulation Alliance (CSA) at HealthImpact, a 4,000-member virtual alliance serving the health care simulation community, where she serves as director. An internationally known speaker and author, Dr. Waxman is also a past president and past board member of the Association of California Nurse Leaders (ACNL). She served on the executive board and as treasurer for the American Organization of Nurse Executives (AONE) from 2013 to 2015, and she has served on the strategic planning and education committees for AONE. Dr. Waxman is a fellow in both the Society for Simulation in Healthcare and the American Academy of Nursing. Financial and Business Management for the Doctor of Nursing Practice Second Edition KT Waxman, DNP, MBA, RN, CNL, CHSE, CENP, FAAN Editor Copyright © 2018 Springer Publishing Company, LLC All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Springer Publishing Company, LLC, or authorization through payment of the appropriate fees to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400, fax 978-646- 8600, info@copyright .com or on the web at www .copyright .com. Springer Publishing Company, LLC 11 West 42nd Street New York, NY 10036 www .springerpub .com Acquisitions Editor: Margaret Zuccarini Senior Production Editor: Kris Parrish Compositor: Westchester Publishing Services ISBN: 978-0-8261-2206-3 ebook ISBN: 978-0-8261-2209-4 Instructor’s Manual ISBN: 978-0-8261-2465-4 Instructor’s PowerPoints ISBN: 978-0-8261-2474-6 Instructor’s Materials: Qualified instructors may request supplements by emailing textbook@springerpub .com 17 18 19 20 / 5 4 3 2 1 The author and the publisher of this Work have made every effort to use sources believed to be reliable to provide information that is accurate and compatible with the standards generally accepted at the time of publication. The author and publisher shall not be liable for any special, consequential, or exemplary dam- ages resulting, in whole or in part, from the readers’ use of, or reliance on, the information contained in this book. The publisher has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third- party Internet websites referred to in this publication and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Waxman, KT, editor. Title: Financial and business management for the doctor of nursing practice / [edited by] KT Waxman. Description: Second edition. | New York, NY : Springer Publishing Company, [2018] | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017034450 | ISBN 9780826122063 (hardcopy : alk. paper) | ISBN 9780826122094 (ebook) Subjects: | MESH: Economics, Nursing | Nursing Services—economics Classification: LCC RT86.7 | NLM WY 77 | DDC 610.73068—dc23 LC record available at https: //lccn .loc .gov /2017034450 Contact us to receive discount rates on bulk purchases. We can also customize our books to meet your needs. For more information please contact: sales@springerpub .com Printed in the United States of America by Gasch Printing. This book is dedicated to those nurse leaders who have made the decision to continue their education and obtain a doctoral degree, and to my colleagues and friends for their encouragement and support during the writing of this text—they know who they are! Contents Contributors ix Foreword R oxane Spitzer, PhD, MBA, RN, FAAN xi Preface xi ii Acknowledgments xvii Share Financial and Business Management for the Doctor of Nursing Practice, Second Edition PART I. THE BIG PICTURE OF HEALTH CARE FINANCE 1. The Economic Context of Nursing Practice in the United States 1 Joanne Spetz 2. Insurance Coverage and Reimbursement in Acute and Nonacute Settings 23 Carol A. (Reineck) Huebner PART II. BUDGETING FOR ACUTE AND AMBULATORY CARE 3. Hospital Utilization, Staffing, and Financial Indicators 47 Susan J. Penner and Michael D. Spencer 4. Budgeting, Scheduling, and Daily Staffing for Acute Care Nursing Units 69 Chrys Marie Suby 5. Nurse Practitioner Strategies for Financial Success 135 Karen Van Leuven 6. Strategic Planning and Capital Budgeting 151 Mikhail Shneyder 7. Financial Statements and the DNP: Essential Knowledge for Success 183 Tim Bock, Carlton Abner, KT Waxman, and Juli Maxworthy PART III. QUALITY, DATA ANALYSIS, AND LEGAL/ETHICAL ISSUES 8. Quality Initiatives: Building the Business Case for Quality 201 Juli Maxworthy 9. Basic Data Analysis Techniques for DNP Nurse Leaders 225 Susan Prion 10. Legal, Policy, and Ethical Issues in Health Care Financing 247 Elena Capella and Judith Lambton 11. Evolution of a Project: The DNP as Project Manager 263 Elena Capella and Kathleen M. Nakfoor vii viii Contents 12. Health Care Grant Writing in Acute, Ambulatory, and Community Care 287 Mary Lynne Knighten 13. The Efficient Hospital of the Future 315 Lisa J. Massarweh PART IV. ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND THE FUTURE 14. Entrepreneurial Leadership: Innovation and Business Acumen 327 KT Waxman and Marjorie Barter 15. Teaching Financial Management and Program Development 345 Fay L. Bower and Anna Mullins 16. Financing Nursing Care Around the World: Global Health Care 365 Lisa Gifford Glossary 377 Index 395 Contributors Carlton Abner, DNP, RN-BC, Associate Vice President, Talent Strategies, Lenexa, Kansas Marjorie Barter, EdD, RN, CNL, CENP, Professor Emerita, Health Care Systems Leadership, School of Nursing and Health Professions, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, California Tim Bock, DNP, MBA, Director of Patient Care Services, Salmon Creek Medical Center, Legacy Health, Vancouver, Washington Fay L. Bower, DNSc, FAAN, Retired Professor, Holy Names University, Oakland, California; Consultant, Nursing Education Elena Capella, EdD, MSN, MPA, RN, CNL, CPHQ, LNCC, Assistant Professor, School of Nursing and Health Professions, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, California Lisa Gifford, DNP, RN, CHPCN, CHPCA, Assistant Professor, School of Nursing and Health Professions, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, California Carol A. (Reineck) Huebner, PhD, RN, CENP, FAAN, NEA-BC, Professor Emerita, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio School of Nursing, San Antonio, Texas Judith Lambton, EdD, MS, RN, Professor Emerita, School of Nursing and Health Professions, University of San Francisco, California; Adjunct Professor, Rafic Hariri School of Nursing, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon Mary Lynne Knighten, DNP, RN, PN, NEA-BC, Independent Hospital and Healthcare Consultant, Knighten Consulting, Los Angeles, California Lisa J. Massarweh, DNP, RN, PHN, NEA-BC, CPHQ, CCRN-K, Executive Director, Patient Care Services, Performance & Workforce Strategy, Kaiser Foundation Hospitals, Northern California; Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Executive Nurse Fellow (2006–2009) Juli Maxworthy, DNP, MBA, RN, CNL, CPHQ, CPPS, CHSE, FSSH, Assistant Professor, School of Nursing and Health Professions, Past Chair, Healthcare Leadership and Innovations Department, Director, BSN to DNP Program, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, California; CEO, WithMax Consulting; Secretary, Society for Simulation in Healthcare; Region One Coordinator, Sigma Theta Tau International, San Francisco, California Anna Mullins, PhD, RN, Adjunct Faculty, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco; Healthcare Consultant, San Francisco, California ix