Final Report National Aeronautics and - NASA

227 Pages·2005·7.66 MB·English

by  John R. Casani

982-R120461
October 1, 2005
P P
ROMETHEUS ROJECT
Final Report National Aeronautics and
Space Administration

Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
Pasadena, California
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982-R120461 PROMETHEUS PROJECT
OCTOBER 1, 2005 FINAL REPORT
Signature Page
Name Title Date Signature
Randall Taylor Prometheus Project Closeout Manager

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Acknowledgement
The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), a division of the California Institute of Technology,
manages the Prometheus Project for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s
Prometheus Nuclear Systems Program.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................1
1.1 Project Identification................................................................................................1
1.2 Project Summary......................................................................................................1
1.3 Project History.........................................................................................................2
1.4 Scope of Final Report..............................................................................................4
2. OBJECTIVES AND REQUIREMENTS.........................................................................7
2.1 Science Objectives...................................................................................................7
2.2 Technology Objectives............................................................................................7
2.3 Level-1 Requirements and Mission Success Criteria..............................................8
2.4 National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) Compliance and Launch Approval
Engineering..............................................................................................................9
2.5 Project Nomenclature.............................................................................................10
2.6 JPL Institutional Requirements Compliance and Tailoring...................................11
3. MISSION DESCRIPTION.............................................................................................15
3.1 JIMO Mission Overview........................................................................................15
3.2 Follow-On Missions...............................................................................................19
4. IMPLEMENTATION APPROACH..............................................................................21
4.1 WBS and Products List..........................................................................................21
4.2 Implementation Summary......................................................................................22
4.3 Acquisition and Surveillance Summary.................................................................23
4.4 Project/Program-Level Agreements.......................................................................27
4.5 Project Dependencies and Inheritance...................................................................29
5. PROJECT MANAGEMENT..........................................................................................31
5.1 Project Authority....................................................................................................31
5.2 Organization, Roles, and Responsibility................................................................33
5.3 Technology Development......................................................................................35
5.4 Risk Management..................................................................................................44
5.5 Reviews and Reporting..........................................................................................46
5.6 Management Controls, Tools and Support Systems..............................................50
5.7 Public Outreach and Advocacy..............................................................................52
5.8 Facilities.................................................................................................................55
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5.9 Logistics.................................................................................................................55
5.10 End of Project Lifecycle........................................................................................56
6. PROJECT SYSTEM ENGINEERING..........................................................................57
6.1 Project Engineering Scope.....................................................................................57
6.2 Project Engineering Approach...............................................................................57
6.3 Project Engineering Implementation.....................................................................62
7. SAFETY AND MISSION ASSURANCE......................................................................69
7.1 Safety Management...............................................................................................69
7.2 Mission Assurance Management...........................................................................70
8. SCIENCE SYSTEM........................................................................................................85
8.1 Science System Overview......................................................................................85
8.2 Science...................................................................................................................87
8.3 Mission Design......................................................................................................93
8.4 Science Operations Module.................................................................................101
8.5 Mission Module...................................................................................................102
9. DEEP SPACE SYSTEM...............................................................................................109
9.1 DSV Design Evolution........................................................................................111
9.2 Deep Space Vehicle Description.........................................................................112
9.3 Spaceship Verification and Validation Plan........................................................128
9.4 Spaceship Simulations and Testbeds...................................................................135
10. GROUND SYSTEM......................................................................................................141
10.1 Ground System Overview and Operations Concept............................................141
10.2 Ground System Deliveries and Verification & Validation..................................150
10.3 Ground System Simulators & Test Beds.............................................................152
10.4 Ground System — Operations Assumptions.......................................................154
11. LAUNCH SYSTEM.......................................................................................................157
11.1 Launch Options....................................................................................................157
11.2 Phase A Studies....................................................................................................159
11.3 Baseline Launch System......................................................................................161
11.4 Major Trades........................................................................................................161
11.5 Rendezvous and Docking Segment.....................................................................164
12. SCHEDULE....................................................................................................................167
12.1 Top-Level Summary and Critical Path Summary................................................167
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12.2 Detail Schedule Development..............................................................................172
13. ESTIMATES AND BUDGETS....................................................................................175
13.1 Cost Analysis Requirement Description (CARD)...............................................175
13.2 Life Cycle Cost Estimate (LCCE).......................................................................176
13.3 Funding Requirements.........................................................................................179
13.4 Workforce............................................................................................................180
APPENDIX A — FOR FURTHER INFORMATION...........................................................181
A.1 General.................................................................................................................181
A.2 Project Management............................................................................................181
A.3 Requirements.......................................................................................................182
A.4 Project Engineering..............................................................................................182
A.5 Safety...................................................................................................................182
A.6 Mission Assurance...............................................................................................183
A.7 Science System....................................................................................................184
A.8 Deep Space Vehicle.............................................................................................184
A.9 Reactor.................................................................................................................185
A.10 Technology Development:...................................................................................185
A.11 Launch System.....................................................................................................186
A.12 Ground System.....................................................................................................186
A.13 Acquisition...........................................................................................................186
A.14 Business...............................................................................................................187
A.15 Public Outreach and Advocacy............................................................................187
A.16 Additional Prometheus Studies............................................................................187
A.17 Reviews (Presentation Material)..........................................................................187
APPENDIX B — PROMETHEUS EVENTS..........................................................................189
APPENDIX C — KEY PERSONNEL.....................................................................................195
APPENDIX D — RESPONSIBILITY ASSIGNMENT MATRIX.......................................199
APPENDIX E — MAJOR EDUCATION AND OUTREACH EVENTS............................203
APPENDIX F — ADDITIONAL PROMETHEUS STUDIES..............................................205
F.1 Derivative Missions.............................................................................................205
F.2 Analysis of Alternatives.......................................................................................207
F.3 Fission Surface Power Study...............................................................................210
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FIGURES
Figure 3.1-1. Mission Overview..................................................................................................16
Figure 3.1-2. Interplanetary Transfer Through Callisto Capture..................................................17
Figure 3.1-3. Jupiter Capture Through Callisto Capture (inertial view)......................................18
Figure 4.1-1. WBS to Level 2 with Spacecraft System to Level 3...............................................21
Figure 4.1-2. Implementation Responsibility Legend..................................................................22
Figure 5.1-1. Program/Project Organization (Circa March 2005)................................................32
Figure 5.1-2. Project Systems Terminology.................................................................................33
Figure 5.2-1. Prometheus Project Organization Relationships.....................................................34
Figure 5.2-2. Project Organization Chart......................................................................................34
Figure 5.3-1. 2-kW Brayton Testbed............................................................................................37
Figure 5.3-2. High-Pressure Bearing Test Rig..............................................................................37
Figure 5.3-3. High-temperature water heat pipe testing...............................................................38
Figure 5.3-4. C/C to Ti brazing trials............................................................................................39
Figure 5.3-5. HiPEP......................................................................................................................39
Figure 5.3-6. NEXIS.....................................................................................................................40
Figure 5.3-7. 180-W Ka-band TWT.............................................................................................40
Figure 5.3-8. Ka-band 5-way Combiner.......................................................................................41
Figure 5.3-9. RAD750 Processor..................................................................................................42
Figure 5.3-10. Achieved large improvements in performance of legacy trajectory design tools.43
Figure 5.3-11. Fast Lyapunov Indicator (FLI) maps assist trajectory analysis in designing
efficient moon-to-moon orbit transfers for the JIMO mission..............................................43
Figure 5.7-1. Project Prometheus Display at JPL Open House....................................................54
Figure 6.1-1. Project Engineering Scope.....................................................................................57
Figure 6.2-1. Prometheus Project Engineering Process...............................................................60
Figure 7.2-1. Prometheus Project Mission Assurance Organization............................................71
Figure 7.2-2. Radiation Control Process......................................................................................73
Figure 7.2-3. Prometheus External Radiation Environment at PMSR........................................73
Figure 7.2-4. Prometheus Spaceship Design (Internal Bus Compartment View).......................74
Figure 7.2-5. Shield Mass as a Function of Composition for the Telecom Platform..................75
Figure 7.2-6. Prometheus Spaceship Radiation Shield Mass......................................................76
Figure 7.2-7. The aluminum contact surface was ruptured by heating in the silicon carbide
substrate as a result of Single Event Burn-out......................................................................82
Figure 8.1-1. JIMO Science Data Flow Diagram.........................................................................86
Figure 8.1-2. Science and Mission Design Office Organization.................................................87
Figure 8.2-1. The JIMO mission will enable a synergistic study of the icy satellites, providing a
basis to understand the Jupiter system as a whole................................................................88
Figure 8.2-2. Science Organization..............................................................................................92
Figure 8.3-1. Reference Interplanetary Trajectory and Jupiter Arrival.......................................94
Figure 8.3-2. Gravity Assist Trajectories.....................................................................................95
Figure 8.3-3. Orbit Lifetime Maps for Ganymede and Callisto..................................................96
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