Table Of Content

Contents ACKNOWLEGDMNETS Vll INTRODCTUIOTNh:i nking FemI inist PatriWchiiat e PARTI REPRESENTATIONS RethinWkoimnegnsC ' inema 25 I 2 SexuIanildf feraenndc e LesbRieapnr esentation 48 3 WhenL esbiWaenrNseo tW omen 72 PARTI I READINGS 4 TheL uroeft hMea nniLsehs bian 85 5 Lettteoar nU nknoWwonm an roo 6 PublaincdP rivFaatnet aisni es DaviCdr oneenrgbM'.Bs utterfly II8 PARTI IIE PISTEMOLOIGES 7 EccenSturbijce cts I5I 8 UppitnhgAe n t[is iinc ] FeminTihseto ry I38 9 HabCihta nges I99 IO TheI ntractoafDb eisliirtey 2I7 II FiguorfRe ess istance 235 NOTES 26I NAMAEN D TITLE INDEX 303 Acknowledgments hibso owko ulndo t ewxiitshtto huweto rakn tdh een thusiasm ofm ayn,t ow homI a md eeply gratCeaftualp.fia rnJsoot a n T suggetshtieed de oafa f emintihseto" rerya d"ea rnd saw it throtuogp hu blicJautdiiMotanhy. n aen Bd. R ubRyi cphe rsumaed ed thaatc olleocfth iaornd -too-lfidanendr,dn ewearr tiwcoluelssdt ill havvea lfuoetr o dsar ye'adaessr esa -chianntgeer veinnft eimoinnsi st and fisltmu dIit ehsa.tn hkde o ctosrtauld enmtyfs a 2li0ln0 H3i story ofC onsciousnesisnf esmeimntiihnseratyowr ,i twhh omId eveloped myt hougfhottrsh tei telses ay; Anu wKhooii nvturnoednmu,ec ed wheInp reseanl teecdtv uerres oifto hne titaltte h Ueen sisvaeyro sfi ty Stockhaonlwdmh oa lseod itace odl leocft imoyn wriinFt iinnngiss h translMaatriyoanVna;ln i uwlhiois n,v imteet dos peaatTk r iniCtoyl lege, Dountb hlfeie nl,i coictcoausosif to hnce e nteonfaw roym esn ' entrainnctteoh c eo llaengdMea ;r Myc Dermowthtok, i ndalcyta esd myg uiidneD ublMions.ot fa lIla ,m g rattefoPu alt rWihciitafe o r hepre rfpeicttic nth h see lechteiproa ni,n steadkiitnaignn udg n,e rring adviWcorek.i wnigth he r ahlawsab yesea np rivialneadjg yoe.F inlal, y · CAKNOWLEDGMNETS • I thZaoneLk e onafrogdre nerosuhsalrhyie nrg aruts a wnidat lhl ow ing phheort ogrtaocp ohnsv ewristoehu wrr itings. TEREDSEAL ARUETIS » » » Fotrh eir choemlmpefnuotlnt s h ien troduIwc otuiloldni ,k et htaon k NorJao hnsHoonm,a Kyi nBga,k irMaatnhJiiu, d iMtahy nBe.,R uby RicBhe,t haSncyh ne,Ci ydnetrShcihan eerKi,ad tTeh omas,C aatnidn a YervaTshia.n tkosJ oaCna tapfaonhroe vri siooftn h is abnodto ok , projeedcitAt nogre la BcuorptyoendJ,iu tlGoiareyc ,o vdeers igCnarerri e Housaen,bd o ok deCsoipgCenu emrp stfoosnroa blrye aliizti.n gA nd abovet haalntlko,Ts er esdaeL aurewthiossi,en tellgeecnteuraols ity is evidoenne tv eprayg e. PATRIICAW HITE Introduction: ThinkiFnegm inist PatriWhciitae eredseaL aureitsai mso ntgh feo remfoesmti ntihseto roifs ts thpea sste vedreacla dheestr;h oughhats set dteebramtse of T atk ejyn ucturaensdi, th elrpesn etwh e reloeffv eamnicnei st theofrooyru cru rrmeonmte nJtu.sa tsh ebra ckgrboruinddEg uerso pe andA merihceawr,o rlki nckosn tintehnetoarli eUs. Sfw.mei itnhi sm inm utuaplrloyd ucwtaiyvHsea. v iendgi taenddi n trodtuhc1ee9 d9 1 speciisasolu fde i fefrenecnetsi" tQlueede r rTy"h,s ehoies foau nder of tahcaatd emic dwihsohc aonsue rvseer threelmeasiasnn ea ds tute criotfti hce sotffa etmuisan nildset s btihaenow riyt hi.itH1ne rw riting, evoktihnaogtf s ucfhe mipnriossstte y laisVs itrsg Wionoileafv ewnh ile analyiztii,asn tgo ncdee mandainndtg h rilplriencgilsye . Thee leveesns aiynts h icso llecwtriiotontv,ee ntr h tew o-decade spafnr o1m9 8t5o demonstthrseac toeap neid m paocfTt er esa 2005, deL auriestt'hso ugahntdi tosn going pOrrogmainsiiezn.ett doh ree par"tsRe,p reasteinot"nRse,a"d inagns"d, Ep"i stemo,lt"oh gbeio eosk incdlebuse nchmarka swp eilaelsch easre dr-toi-nfitnendrt vieoTnhse. essahyasv e gbaetehne arnecddo ntexttuoai llilizunemadtt heei inrt er- . I . ·INTRODUCTION · connecwtiitoahnne s m,p haosnti hsce o sntituotfsi uobcnjt eivwiittyh in represensteaxltuiiataoynn,de, p istoegmyWo.hl iltehv eo luwmielb le welcotmore e adfemarisl wiiatrh L aduer sew toirsik't, aclassnoe r avse ai ntrodfuocrt itoena cshteurdseo nfwat onsmd e sns 'tudainelds e sbian! gay/bisexuaV(tLrGaBnsTst)gu edanisdwee esrla, lsf otrh mea nrye aders froamv arioefdt iys ciapnlfdir noeomsu tstihdaeec amdye wwhiofil nld deL auertsit sh'inkainndg wruintiiqnusget liym ulTahtesi enlge.c tions consirdeeprr esenotfwa otmieoannn sld e sbiapnriessrmee,na td ionfg s textthsat th eoarinizdne v dietseai nrfdea nstyaa,n cdo nstwrauycostf thinkaibnofgue tm inainssdmu ebcjtiitSvyo.m etitmheedsyo ubblaec k one acoht h,de ertotuodr i scrueslsad teevde lop(mwehniitlnsee vitably neglecottih)neagr,n s di ntrocdounccee ardanjcse tnotf eminainsdm theryoT.ak etno ge,tt hheesryh oaww ritaentrdh inwkheord, e sphietre indispourtiagbilanena adls iotmye tiamlemsoi sntt imicdoamtmianngd ofl anguaangcdeo nceipsdt ese,pd liya logic. These essayrse aidntevojri io tnie na p trhoec ess ofa nrde visiting revitshiandtgeL aurehtadises m onstircsa etnetdtr ota hlpe r oject of femitnhiesroytI. nk eepwiintgth w oc entral diinhs ecoron ugrosiensg works-emioatnidpc ssy choainsa-ltcyhonsec epatnds'p ractoifc es feminainsdtm h eoirnwy h ich ensghaega rerese ciparoncdoa ple n endeIdnh. e wro rk, tahswe o irnok f s uccho ntempfoermairnyi st theoraisDs otnsn Haa rawaanydC handMroah natyn,os ingsltea,t ic notiooffn e minwiisldmlo M .o revoera,sf eminciasnmnb oect i rcum scriibnoe bdj esccto,po erp, e ritohdce,o ncoefpp to stfemmiankiessm littleN esietdnhoseeerds. eL auruestteih se t"etrhme oarsays "c ientist mighatsa,p rovpeons tu"laas teoetfs, t atemoerpn rtisn cdiepvliesse d toe xplaag irno uopff actrsa't?,h s ehrree fteorh se r wrainttdih neg theosrhiceer si tiaqs"u peasssi onfiacttei "o3Tn hsi.ds e signwaittiho n, itesv ocaotfid oens iarnend a rradteimvoen,s tornaweta eyis n which, for Ldaeu refteimsi,nc iasnmn boedt e finienid s olaftriotomhn e ory ort hsep eculIantdievaeesId.w , i lalr gufee,m insipsetc ilfiicieinsat y sujbectwaiyvo efk nowing. Poststructuroaftl hisesu teb cjttph-seyocrhioeasna anlldyi tnigcu is ticci,n emaantdsie cmo itic-kaerye h teor waonrtdko t haotfm any ofh epre earnst,dh erye sonwaitttehh fee miininssti" gthhptee rsonal ipso lailt"T.i hcis resiopsne arnhccalepe sa irnde esL ta urectoinsc'esp t of" thseu bjoeffc etm imn.iT"sh e tiemrpml ies "an uonfd erstanding th(ef emsaulebecj)at sn ot odnilsytf irnocWmto man. .th.re e presen- • 2 • INTRODCUTION · · tatoifoa nne sseinnchee rienan lwtlo men.,.b .uat l sdoi stfirnocmt woment,h ree ahli stobreiicnaglss oacnsidua blcj tes awrhdeoe fined byt htee chnoolfgo egnyd aenrda ctlulaeyn gendiensr oedc riealla tinos."T4h aWto mana ndw omeanr dei stfirnocemta coht her-and tahtt heredfeosrpeai,ndt wei thtihnme y tholoofWg oym anw,o men cani ndebeesd u ebcjtosfs peeacnhdd e sicraeen,v e bne gtiorn e present Womaont heirswe-ainis n sieglhotq ueenltaalbtyoe ridnd eL auretis's transfor1m94a8b toiovAkel iDcoee tsF:ne 'minSiesmmti,io Ccisn,e .m a Iti is nh enre xbto oTkec, hnooglioefGs en deErs:s aoynTs he royF,i lm anFdi ct(i1o9)n8t, 7h asth ien trodtuhc"eeus sb jeocfft e mnsiim"a s at hicrodn,c eptuarle pfirgeusrteehn,tet e innsgib oentswe iednez aeldi represen(tWoamtainao)nn d acetxupaelr i(ewnocme)e a,nn di np ar ticulcaro ntshcei oouft shntiesen sssi on. Them odoef d efinidteiL oanu reutsie(ss" o nto nly difsrtoimn ct . .,b. u atl sdoi stfirnoc.mt ." )c.a fnr ustsroamrteee a daenrsdst 'u dendtess'fi orarena ffirmafteimvienA insdym e.tt h mee theondat cst he thougdheLt a:u rectoinsc'emspo tvsie na nodu otf c ontewxhtesrt eh ey takoenm eaniinntg e nswiiotnoht hfeorr lmautiFoonersx .a mptlhee, essay T"ecThhneo loofGg eyn deern"d s awp iatrha dTohxes. u bject of femiissn piastmi aanldtle ymo prallolcya "theerdae n dno w. That ist os a,ye lsew.h"eT5rh eec ontradiction ihnle arneg,ui afpg oes sible noitn s pacree,f ormudleLa atuersse a tsisse'rtitohnse u tbhjaoetfc t feminiibsso mt "hni siadneod u tstihdee idoefogl eonegdr"y.6T h aits , womeanr ceo nstrtuhcrtoeudg h (gnaedon tdheferor r omsfi )d eoogly, anfde miniiss mpt rhaec atniccdoe n sciooufts hnaeitsd seo oglsyl 'im itas" ,de r-e-conisot"nr7T.u hcect ategooftr hyse u bcjtee,n taitlhien g knowleadngdte h eex perioefbn ecie(n cgs otnrucatsae)w d o mani,s centtroda eLl a urset thieso'reptriocjAaenlcd tt h.se u bjaesc tti,on p ic, off eminiishse mdr o maaisna t heorist. Theh istoarnidie tsi neorfaf reimeisns ihsamdp eeL aurewtoirsk' s anhda vient urbne esnh apbeyid t B.o rinnI tailn1y 9 3a8n edd ucated theirnle i tercaltausraseni,mdc o sd,e rn ladnegL uaaugreeemtsii,gs r ated asa y ounmgo thteor tUhnei tSetda tients h mei d1-96osw,h erseh e tuaghitn v ariIotuasld ieaprnat mebnetfso mroev itnogt hUen iversity ofW isconsin-Miiln1w 9a6uT8kh.eeM e i lwauckaemep wuass a n epiceonftt heer Ur.ecSe.p otfFi roenn acnhdB ritfiilsmth h eoarnyd af avoreanbvlier onfmoern fithr esprtu bliciantfi ilomn saf nemdi nist theoTrhyeb. o8o tkh aetm ergferdot mh piesr iAoldiD,c oese nm'atd,ae n . 3 . ·INTROUDCTION· imporitnatnetr vienbn ottifhoe nm inist tthhmeeao lrey- daonmdi nated acadewmiyti hte sr uditioonft h(meaa nfdyei ws coeunrgsaegse d are narroagtyeo,xl perimentaaln pdcs iyncehmoaa,na anlidyt gssri asc)e ful rhetowrhiicoc,fh t deenl ivweirtehdec rriintgio qfmu aessc ultihneriyos.t AilcDeo etsb nr'ouwgihdtve i siybt ioel mietrgfeenmti ntihseto retical worokn fi lma,r ticulactoinncge apssttu hsmce ah l gea zaen "dw oman as-imtaoggee"t whietnrha rratthievoaern ysd e mioitnaiw casyt hat iss taiultlh oriDteaL taiuvreep.tu isshd eedb abteeyso tnhdre i gorous bucti rcumswcorriokbn el da nguaangdtee xtubaeliintgy undertaken byA nglo-Amfeermiicnains t psychoainnta hlrey9 8tosia,cn ds cholars feminitshte ofiqrluymi cfkoluyan p dl aacte ctuhtet eidngogeff eminist thougJhutsa.tsi9 m porttahnrto,tu hgeho rsiuzciahnp gp argeinvtea nss "experisehneecn es,u"tr headtt hp eo tliiccaoln ceorfwn osm enc'usl turparlo ducatniwdoo nm ens'tsu dpireosg rraemmsa ipneerdt itnoae nt sometiimnessuf leamri nitsth e.ofi rlTymvh eer y otfAi iltclDeeo sen't drawfnr oamp ieocfee p hemeafr eam,i nbiasntn er date2d9 ,O ctober r9 7s -ipsr ovoc1a0I tti vjteoh.ice on nsc raenttdeh a eb strcaocuntrj,i ng ah ero(iLneew Ciasr roolrpl e'rsh,a ps Aalniocatnehda)eg re stoufr e unspeceibfiueeldnl,ti u rseaFflo.mr e t,h e salongtainc iopnaoetf e sd e Laursem toissit'm porftoarnmtu laatbioofumentis n i"sTm[]:h cer itical negatoifvi itttshy er yoa,n tdh aef firmaptoisvieto ifiv tipstoi ylt ics-is both h[iisttsoc]ro incdailot fei xoins taennidct tesh eorectoincdailt ion ofp ossi.b"iT1lh1ii tsy interdoeftp heenoadrneydan c ctei vism, history anpdo tendteisaclra,i( bweosm emno'sv)e mreanttht ehraa nc ondition ofs tasis. In1 98d5eL aurehteirssm eolvfe adc,c ephteisrne gc olnnodg -term acadepmoisci tSihojeno .i noetdhs eurgi e netrhiisn kseurcashsH ar awaJya,m eCslf iofradn,d HaWyhdietinent hien terdisHciisptloirnya ry ofC onsciopursongersaasttm h Uen iverosfCi atlyi foSranniCtara,u z. DeL aurehtatisas u gahtUt C SCe vesri nwciet,ih n creafsrqieunegnlty, signifiscooajurnntis n E uropTeec.h nloogoifeG send e,pr ublisah ed fewy eaarfst tehrim so vei,si nforbmyeS da nCtrau zm'usl ticultural femiininsqtua inradyc tivIints hmci.os l leacntidi nso unc ihn fluential essays flrao1tme98 osta hneed a r1l9y9s a0 s" EccenSturbijce acntds " "SexIunadflie freanncde LeRsebpiraetnsa etniwohni,c"h aipntp heea r presveonltu dmeeL ,a ureitni sih,ne ri miatnadib nlsep iprrionsrgee , casftesm ihniisstto orfci uelst purroadlu crteifornad,me ebsaa treosu nd sexudaiflfe retnhcaheta sde emeexdh ausatnegdde ,n erfaatre-sr each- . 4 .