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fightless-fuel PDF

204 Pages·2012·6.69 MB·English
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Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive DSpace Repository Theses and Dissertations 1. Thesis and Dissertation Collection, all items 2013-06 More fightless-fuel: reducing fuel burn through ground process improvement Gerber, Chad A.; Clark, Jeremy A. Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/34667 Downloaded from NPS Archive: Calhoun NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA MBA PROFESSIONAL REPORT MORE FIGHT–LESS FUEL: REDUCING FUEL BURN THROUGH GROUND PROCESS IMPROVEMENT By: Chad A. Gerber, and Jeremy A. Clark June 2013 Advisors: Michael Dixon, Uday Apte, Roberto Szechtman Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED June 2013 MBA Professional Report 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS MORE FIGHT–LESS FUEL: REDUCING FUEL BURN THROUGH GROUND PROCESS IMPROVEMENT 6. AUTHOR(S) Chad A. Gerber and Jeremy A. Clark 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION Naval Postgraduate School REPORT NUMBER Monterey, CA 93943-5000 9. SPONSORING /MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING N/A AGENCY REPORT NUMBER 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES The views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. government. IRB Protocol number ____N/A____. 12a. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited A 13. ABSTRACT (maximum 200 words) Aligning fiscal policies with energy conservation initiatives and operational requirements is vital to achieving a positive and sustainable energy outlook for the United States Navy. The purpose of this study is to fill critical gaps in current military aviation energy conservation research. To date, such research has failed to incentivize and reward individual aviation squadrons to conserve. Commercial aviation uses collaborative decision-making (CDM) tools to minimize costs associated with aircraft delays. Embracing a lean approach to operational management, the commercial sector has refined communications between air carriers, airport operators, ground handlers, and air traffic control. This study suggests applying commercial CDM frameworks to all of Naval Aviation to increase efficiency and operational effectiveness. Specific analysis includes the impact of ground resource capacity management, airfield demand analysis (slot arrival system) and demand management cost analysis on F/A-18 Hornet squadrons. 14. SUBJECT TERMS Energy conservation, slot management, demand analysis, truck refueling, hot 15. NUMBER OF skid refueling, Simio, modeling and simulation, discrete event simulation, F/A-18, cultural change PAGES 203 16. PRICE CODE 17. SECURITY 18. SECURITY 19. SECURITY 20. LIMITATION OF CLASSIFICATION OF CLASSIFICATION OF THIS CLASSIFICATION OF ABSTRACT REPORT PAGE ABSTRACT Unclassified Unclassified Unclassified UU NSN 7540-01-280-5500 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89) Prescribed by ANSI Std. 239-18 i THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK ii Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited MORE FIGHT–LESS FUEL: REDUCING FUEL BURN THROUGH GROUND PROCESS IMPROVEMENT Chad A. Gerber, Lieutenant Commander, United States Navy Jeremy A. Clark, Lieutenant Commander, United States Navy Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION from the NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL June 2013 Authors: _____________________________________ Chad A. Gerber _____________________________________ Jeremy A. Clark Approved by: _____________________________________ Michael Dixon, Lead Advisor _____________________________________ Uday Apte, Support Advisor _____________________________________ Roberto Szechtman, Support Advisor _____________________________________ William R. Gates, Dean Graduate School of Business and Public Policy iii THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK iv MORE FIGHT–LESS FUEL: REDUCING FUEL BURN THROUGH GROUND PROCESS IMPROVEMENT ABSTRACT Aligning fiscal policies with energy conservation initiatives and operational requirements is vital to achieving a positive and sustainable energy outlook for the United States Navy. The purpose of this study is to fill critical gaps in current military aviation energy conservation research. To date, such research has failed to incentivize and reward individual aviation squadrons to conserve. Commercial aviation uses collaborative decision-making (CDM) tools to minimize costs associated with aircraft delays. Embracing a lean approach to operational management, the commercial sector has refined communications between air carriers, airport operators, ground handlers, and air traffic control. This study suggests applying commercial CDM frameworks to all of Naval Aviation to increase efficiency and operational effectiveness. Specific analysis includes the impact of ground resource capacity management, airfield demand analysis (slot arrival system) and demand management cost analysis on F/A-18 Hornet squadrons. v THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK vi TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................1 A. BACKGROUND ..............................................................................................1 1. Department of Defense Energy Strategy ...........................................2 2. Naval Aviation Energy Conservation (Air-ENCON) .......................5 3. Incentivized Energy Conservation (i-ENCON) .................................7 B. CONTEXT ........................................................................................................9 1. Current Naval Aviation Organizational Structure ...........................9 2. Current Scheduling Process ..............................................................12 3. Type Wing Leadership ......................................................................15 C. BENEFITS OF THE STUDY .......................................................................17 D. METHODOLOGY OVERVIEW .................................................................19 II. LITERATURE REVIEW .........................................................................................21 A. AIRFIELD DEMAND MANAGEMENT ....................................................21 1. Slot Management and Compression Algorithms ............................21 2. Managing Aircraft Arrival Uncertainty ..........................................23 3. De-peaking through Slot Management ............................................25 4. Delay Propagation ..............................................................................27 B. COLLABORATIVE DECISION-MAKING (CDM) .................................29 1. Traffic Flow Management .................................................................30 2. Aviation Decision Support Systems ..................................................32 3. United Airlines DSS Case Study .......................................................34 C. AVIATION ENERGY CONSERVATION RESEARCH ..........................35 1. Cost-Benefit Analysis of F/A-18 Refueling Operations ..................36 2. Improving Refueling Operations Ashore.........................................37 3. Cold Truck and Hot Pit Refueling: Ratio Analysis ........................39 D. ADDITIONAL READING ............................................................................39 III. METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................................41 A. SIMULATION ...............................................................................................42 1. Objective .............................................................................................44 2. Level of Detail .....................................................................................45 B. APPROACH ...................................................................................................47 1. Collecting Input Data ........................................................................47 a. Planned Flight Data................................................................47 b. Actual Flight Data ..................................................................48 c. Cost Data .................................................................................49 d. Airfield Data ............................................................................51 e. Refueling Data ........................................................................52 2. Building the Model .............................................................................53 3. Validating the Model .........................................................................56 4. Conducting Experiments ...................................................................56 a. Slot Management Policy .........................................................56 vii

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