M Y Field Guide to Wildflowers of Nebraska and the Great Plains Second Edition M Y Field Guide to A Bur Oak Guide Holly Carver, series editor M Y W ildflowers of Nebraska and the Great Plains Second Edition Jon Farrar Published for the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission by the University of Iowa Press, Iowa City M Y University of Iowa Press, Iowa City 52242 Library of Congress Copyright © 2011 by the Nebraska Game Cataloging-in-Publication Data and Parks Commission Farrar, Jon, 1947– Field guide to wildflowers of Nebraska and www.uiowapress.org the Great Plains / by Jon Farrar. — 2nd ed. Printed in China p. cm. — (A Bur Oak guide) Design by April Leidig-Higgins ISBN-13: 978-1-60938-071-7 (pbk.) ISBN-10: 1-60938-071-1 (pbk.) No part of this book may be reproduced or used ISBN-13: 978-1-60938-072-4 (e-book) in any form or by any means without permission ISBN-10: 1-60938-072-X (e-book) in writing from the publisher. All reasonable steps 1. Wild flowers — Nebraska — Identification. have been taken to contact copyright holders of 2. Wild flowers — Great Plains — Identification. material used in this book. The publisher would 3. Wild flowers — Nebraska — Pictorial works. be pleased to make suitable arrangements with 4. Wild flowers — Great Plains — Pictorial works. any whom it has not been possible to reach. I. Title. II. Title: Wildflowers of Nebraska and All photos are by Jon Farrar, with the following the Great Plains. III. Series: Bur Oak guide. exceptions: Rocky Hoffmann, pages 22 left, 177; QK172.F37 2012 Greg Beaumont, page 28 left; Chris Mercer, page 582.130978 — dc22 2011014795 33; Ken Bouc, pages 85, 174 left; Don Cunning- ham, page 185 right; Bob Grier, page 215 right; Gerry Steinauer, page 224 right. The University of Iowa Press is a member of Green Press Initiative and is committed to preserving natural resources. Printed on acid-free paper M Y Contents Acknowledgments vii Conservation of Wildflowers 1 Nebraska’s Wildflower Regions 5 How to Use This Field Guide 13 • Green Flowers 19 • White Flowers 25 • Yellow Flowers 93 • Orange to Red Flowers 149 • Pink to Red-violet Flowers 157 • Blue-violet to Blue Flowers 217 Glossary 247 Illustrated Glossary 251 References and Additional Reading 257 Index 259 M Y M Y Acknowledgments After being out-of-print for nearly 20 Additional identifications were provided years, and outrageously high prices being by James Stubbendieck, University of Ne- paid for dog-eared, first edition copies, it braska-Lincoln and director of the Center is a joy to again have Field Guide to Wild- for Great Plains Study; Gerry Steinauer, flowers of Nebraska and the Great Plains Nebraska Game and Parks Commission riding along on car seats or in backpacks botanist; Steven Rolfsmeier, Kansas State as wildflower enthusiasts explore prairies, University Herbarium; and Robert Kaul, woodlands, and wetlands in search of University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Gerry those ever-changing splashes of color we Steinauer updated species descriptions and call wildflowers. This second edition is nomenclature and made the Conserva- much like the loved first edition, but tion of Wildflowers section current. Plant better. There have been many changes in names and descriptions now generally con- the names of wildflowers and their rela- form to Robert Kaul, David Sutherland, tionships to one another over the last two and Steven Rolfsmeier’s Flora of Nebraska, decades. This edition brings nomenclature the botanical bible for Nebraska and up to date and refines plant descriptions; neighboring states. And the Native Ne- where possible, species are illustrated with braska Vegetation Map by Kaul and Rolfs- better photographs. Additionally, the meier is a welcome improvement over the vegetative regions of the state are more vegetation map used in the first edition. accurately delineated and described. This Pen-and-ink illustrations are the work of second edition is a notable improvement Tim Reigert, Nebraska Game and Parks over an already good field guide. Commission. Sarah Johnson, Nebraska A book of this nature is always the Game and Parks Commission librarian, combined knowledge and work of many brought systematic order to the film and people. This edition of Field Guide to digital images used to illustrate the field Wildflowers of Nebraska and the Great guide. Holly Carver, editor, University of Plains is no exception. Nearly all wild- Iowa Press, provided frequent good cheer, flower species in this field guide were encouragement, and sound advice. Thanks identified from pressed specimens by also to managing editor Charlotte Wright, the following botanists: Mike Fritz and design and production manager Karen Curtis Twedt, Nebraska Game and Parks Copp, designer April Leidig-Higgins, and Commission; Hal Nagel, University of copy editor Joan Stearns. Nebraska-Kearney; Ronald Weedon, Any errors in this second edition of Field Chadron State College; and David Suther- Guide to Wildflowers of Nebraska and the land, University of Nebraska-Omaha. Great Plains are solely those of the author. vii M Y M Y Field Guide to Wildflowers of Nebraska and the Great Plains Second Edition