Ferromagnetic Microwire Composites: From Sensors to Microwave Applications PDF
Preview Ferromagnetic Microwire Composites: From Sensors to Microwave Applications
Engineering Materials and Processes Hua-Xin Peng Faxiang Qin Manh-Huong Phan Ferromagnetic Microwire Composites by Finite Element and From Sensors to Microwave Applications Soft Computing Methods 123 Engineering Materials and Processes Series editor Brian Derby, Manchester, UK More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/4604 Hua-Xin Peng Faxiang Qin (cid:129) Manh-Huong Phan Ferromagnetic Microwire Composites From Sensors to Microwave Applications 123 Hua-Xin Peng Manh-Huong Phan Institute for Composites Science Innovation Department ofPhysics (InCSI), Schoolof Materials Science University of SouthFlorida andEngineering Tampa,FL ZhejiangUniversity USA Hangzhou, Zhejiang China FaxiangQin Institute for Composites Science Innovation (InCSI), Schoolof Materials Science andEngineering ZhejiangUniversity Hangzhou, Zhejiang China ISSN 1619-0181 ISSN 2365-0761 (electronic) Engineering MaterialsandProcesses ISBN978-3-319-29274-8 ISBN978-3-319-29276-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-29276-2 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016930266 ©SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2016 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpart of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission orinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilar methodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfrom therelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authorsortheeditorsgiveawarranty,expressorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinor foranyerrorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade. Printedonacid-freepaper ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbySpringerNature TheregisteredcompanyisSpringerInternationalPublishingAGSwitzerland Foreword Research on magnetic microwires is largely extended in the recent years as a consequenceoftheiroutstandingmagneticproperties,andprofitingoftheparticular geometry, with a reduced micrometric diameter but continuous length of up to kilometres.Asanimportantmemberofthemicrowirefamily,amorphousmagnetic microwires coated with glassy cover are currently employed in a number of tech- nologicalapplicationsespeciallyassensingelementsinavarietyofsensordevices forhigh-frequencyapplications.Theyderivefromthegiantmagnetoimpedanceand microwavephenomena,amongthemostoutstandingandtechnologicallyprofitable effects observed in ultrasoft amorphous microwires. Built upon solid work in this area, the authors have elucidated these aspects in the first part of the book with chapters dealing with the correlation between magnetic domain structure and magnetic properties after a general introduction. Its content then focuses on the giant magnetoimpedance effect with an overview on the influence of various pro- cessing and measuring conditions. Subsequent chapters analyse the criteria for innovative sensors based on magnetoimpedance and the current technological perspectives. In the second part of the book, its core actually, chapters discuss on the multifunctional microwires composites and, more innovatively, the so-called metacomposites. Ferromagnetic microwires and their arrangements are introduced together with their design and fabrication, followed by an overview of mechanical and magnetic properties. Their high-frequency behaviour is analysed in detail, referring particularly to tunable absorption and metamaterial properties at micro- wave frequencies. This book represents an innovative and rigorous effort from the authors who havemadesuchasignificantprogressinamorphousmicrowiresandthemicrowave properties of their composites, which opens up a new territory in multifunctional composites. In particular, I want to highlight their recent work on metamaterial characteristics of composites with engineered microwire arrangements that has led to the concept of metacomposites from an engineering perspective. I am therefore confidentthatthecontentofthisbookwillattractmuchattentionfromscientistsand engineers with interests in magnetic microwires and their arrangements, in v vi Foreword magnetoimpedanceandmetamaterialcomposites,andofcourseintheirmicrowave technological applications. The team of authors, led by Prof. Hua-Xin Peng at Zhejiang University, is internationally well acknowledged for their pioneering contributions to the field of multifunctional composite through the developing of ferromagnetic microwire composites. This line of research was firstly activated at Bristol University by Dr. Manh-HuongPhan, presently aresearch professorat South Florida University, and followed by Dr. Faxiang Qin, currently a research professor at Zhejiang University, both under the guidance of Prof. Peng. All these have put them in a unique position to bring such a topic of significant scientific and technical impor- tance tothe academia. Iwould like tocongratulate them for thepublication of this book and wish them every success in their future research. Manuel Vazquez Institute of Materials Science of Madrid, CSIC Preface The idea of writing a book about ferromagnetic microwires and their multifunc- tionalcompositesinitiatedafterthePh.D.workofDr.Manh-HuongPhanonnovel magnetic materials in 2006 and that of Dr. Faxiang Qin on composites containing ferromagnetic microwires in 2010. With three more years’ continued exploration along this line of work, we felt ready to commit ourselves to such a task and the bookproposaltoSpringerwasacceptedin2013.It tookustwofurthermore years, with a lot of ups and downs, to put a full stop on the writing. The subject of magnetic microwires and their composites is essentially of interdisciplinary nature, and it touches on multiple fields ranging from materials science and engineering, electrical, and mechanical engineering to physics and chemistryscience.Westructuredthebookintwomajorparts:microwiresandtheir composites, and spared no effort in elaborating thefundamental structure–property relationship through detailed discussions of all types of factors influencing their magnetic and microwave properties. We then described the application potentials from an engineering perspective. Owning to their exceptional giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) property, ferro- magnetic microwires find themselves of great usefulness in high-performance sensor applications where the ultrahigh sensitivity is a distinct advantage over conventionalsensors.Drivenbysuchadvantages,researchershavespentdecadesto investigate the fundamental GMI mechanisms and related phenomena in order to advance the design, fabrication, and modulation techniques. The advent of ferro- magneticmicrowirecompositesisadirectresultofthepursuitofmultifunctionality of a composite. Starting from combining electromagnetic characteristics to poten- tiallymonitoringthestructuralhealthofaerospacecompositecomponents,wehave presented in the second half of the book, relevant field-tunable microwave beha- viour of the composites together with associated fundamental and technical anal- yses. Subsequently, the readers will find a spectrum of intriguing microwave performance of microwire-based composites in microwave absorption and EMI shielding. Last but not least, we highlighted the most recent work on the so-called metacomposites, an emerging topic that we have intensively studied during the vii viii Preface course ofwriting the book,whichisaimed atbridgingconventional metamaterials with engineering composites. The main purpose of the book is to provide a comprehensive knowledge about functional soft ferromagnetic microwires and their composites. The philosophy behindtheselectionoffunctionalelementandthearchitecturaldesignofcomposite is expected to be useful for those endeavoured to develop special functional filler for particular composite with various targeted applications, such as medical diag- nosis of different types of virus and microwave absorbers operating on different frequency bands. It is pitched at the level of postgraduate students and researchers who are working or having an interest in this exciting research field. Ithasbeenalong,challengingbutalsofulfillingjourneytowritesuchabook,as it involves a wide range of subjects in which our knowledge and expertise are not fully reached. Despite of our enormous efforts in connecting the dots and making sense of each sentence, the book cannot be free from unclear parts. Constructive comments from the interested readers are most welcome to enable us to further improve the book in future editions. Weareindebtedtoourcollaboratorsworldwide,includingProf.LarissaPanina, Prof. Christian Brosseau, Prof. Arcady Zhukov, Prof. Julia Gaonzalez, Prof. Hari Srikanth, Dr. Dimitry Makhnovskiy, Dr. Mihai Ipatov, Prof. Victorino Franco, Dr. Nikolay Pankratove, Dr. Slava Popov, Prof. Jie Tang, Prof. Lu-Chang Qin, Prof. Walther Schwarzacher, Dr. Geoff Hilton, Mr. Yang Luo, Dr. Huan Wang, Dr. Jingshun Liu, Prof. Jianfei Sun, and all those who have offered us their kind help without which the completion of this book would not be possible. Finally, weextendourgreatappreciationtoProf.ManualVazquezwhohaskindlyagreedto write the Foreword with much generosity. Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China Hua-Xin Peng November 2015 Faxiang Qin Manh-Huong Phan Contents 1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 Giant Magnetoimpedance Sensors Using Magnetic Microwires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Multifunctional Microwire-Based Composites . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2 Fabrication of Ferromagnetic Wires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.1 Melt Spinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.2 In-rotating Water Spinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.3 Taylor-Wire Process. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.4 Glass-Coated Melt Spinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.5 Electrodeposition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.6 Melt Extraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2.7 Comparison of the Fabrication Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.8 Techniques of Glass-Covering Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2.9 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 3 Domain Structure and Properties of GMI Materials . . . . . . . . . . . 21 3.1 Domain Structure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 3.2 Magnetic Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 3.2.1 Hysteresis Loops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 3.2.2 Permeability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 3.2.3 Magnetisation Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 3.3 Mechanical Properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 3.4 Electrical Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 3.5 Chemical Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 ix
The list of books you might like
