Ferri's clinical advisor 2021

4065 Pages·2021·521.457 MB·English

by  Fred F. Ferri (editor)

CLINICAL DISORDERS Ventricular fibrillation I, III Verrucous lesions II
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES SECTION Ventricular tachycardia I Vitiligo I
Acute coronary syndromes I Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome I Warts I
Aneurysm, abdominal aorta I
Angina pectoris I DERMATOLOGY ENDOCRINOLOGY
Aortic coarctation I Acne vulgaris I Adrenal incidentaloma I, III
Aortic dissection I Actinic keratosis I Adrenal insufficiency I
Aortic regurgitation I Alopecia I Adrenal mass, clinical algorithm III
Aortic stenosis I Angioedema I Adrenocortical hyperfunction II
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy I Angular cheilitis I Adrenocortical hypofunction II
Atrial enlargement, left atrium II Atopic dermatitis I Aldosteronism I
Atrial fibrillation I Balanitis I Androgen excess, reproductive-age woman II
Atrial flutter I Basal cell carcinoma I Anhydrosis II
Atrial myxoma I Bedbug bite I Bone density, decreased, generalized II
Atrial septal defect I Calcifications, cutaneous II Bone density, decreased, localized II
Atrium enlargement, right atrium II Candidiasis, cutaneous I Bone mass, low II
Atrioventricular dissociation I Contact dermatitis I Breast, nipple discharge evaluation III
Bicuspid aortic valve I Cutaneous infections, athletes II Calcifications, abdominal, nonvisceral on x-ray II
Branch bundle block I Cutaneous occlusion syndromes III Calcifications, adrenal gland on x-ray II
Bradycardia III Cyanosis, algorithm III Calcifications, genital tract, female on x-ray II
Brugada syndrome I Dermatitis herpetiformis I Calcium stones II
Calcifications, cardiac on x-ray II Discoid lupus I Cushing's disease and syndrome I
Calcifications, valvular on x-ray II Eosinophilic dermatoses III Delayed puberty I
Cardiac death, sudden II Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) I Diabetes insipidus I
Cardiac tamponade I Erosions, genitalia II Diabetes mellitus I
Cardiac tumors II Erysipelas I Diabetic foot I
Cardioembolism II Erythema elevatum diutinum I Diabetic gastroparesis I
Cardiomegaly on chest x-ray III Erythema multiforme I Diabetic ketoacidosis I
Cardiomyopathy, chemical-induced I Erythroderma II Diabetic nephropathy I
Cardiomyopathy, dilated I Eyelid neoplasm II Erectile dysfunction I
Cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic I Fifth disease (parvovirus infection) I Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) I
Cardiomyopathy, ischemic, surgical management III Finger lesions, inflammatory II Flushing III
Cardiomyopathy, restrictive I Flushing III Foot lesion, ulcerating II
Cardiorenal syndrome I Folliculitis I Galactorrhea I
Carotid sinus syndrome I Foot dermatitis II Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) I
Cervical artery dissection I Genital lesions or ulcers III Goiter evaluation and management III
Chronic urticaria I Granuloma, algorithm III Graves disease I
Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy I Granuloma annulare I Gynecomastia I
Congestive heart failure I Granulomatous dermatitides II Hirsutism I
Congestive heart failure and cardiomyopathy II Hand-foot-mouth disease I Hot flashes I
Connective tissue disease–associated I Herpes simplex I Hypercalcemia, clinical algorithm IV
vasculitis Herpes zoster I Hypercalcemia, laboratory differential diagnosis II
Coronary artery disease I Hidradenitis suppurativa I Hypercalcemia, malignancy-induced II
Cor pulmonale I Hyperhydrosis I Hyperlipoproteinemia, primary I
Cyanosis II Hyperpigmentation III Hyperosmolar hyperclycemic syndrome I
Early repolarization syndrome I IgA vasculitis I Hyperostosis, cortical bone II
Ejection sound or click II Impetigo I Hyperparathyroidism I
Giant cell myocarditis I Jaundice, neonatal, algorithm III Hyperthyroidism I
Heart block, second-degree I Kaposi sarcoma I Hypoaldosteronism I
Heart failure, acute I, II Leg ulcer III Hypocalcemia, laboratory differential diagnosis II
Heart failure, pregnancy II Lichen planus I Hypoglycemia II
HIV-associated cardiomyopathy I Lichen sclerosus I Hypogonadism I
Hypercholesterolemia I Lichen simplex chronicus I Hypoparathyroidism I
Hyperlipoproteinemia, primary I Malar eruption III Hypopituitarism I
Hypertension I Mastocytosis I Hypothyroidism I
Hypertension, in children II Melanoma I Infertility I
Hypotension III Melanonychia II Menopause I
Intraventricular conduction defect (IVCD) I Molluscum contagiosum I Metabolic syndrome I
Junctional rhythm I Mucormycosis I Osteoporosis I
Long QT syndrome I Myositis III Osteoporosis, secondary causes II
Mesenteric arterial embolism, associated II Nail dystrophy III Paget disease of the bone I
factors Neurofibromatosis I Pancreatic islet cell tumors III
Mitral regurgitation I Onycholysis III Paraneoplastic syndromes I
Mitral stenosis I Oral hairy leukoplakia I Pheochromocytoma I
Mitral valve prolapse I Panniculitis I Pituitary adenoma I
Multifocal atrial tachycardia I Papulosquamous disorders, pediatric patient III Pituitary region tumors II
Murmur, diastolic III Paronychia I Polycystic ovary syndrome I
Murmur, systolic III Pediculosis I Primary ovarian insufficiency I
Myocardial infarction I Pemphigus vulgaris I Prolactinoma I
Myocarditis I Photosensitivity III Pseudohermaphroditism III
Orthostatic hypotension I Pinworms I Sexual dysfunction III
Palpitations III Pityriasis rosea I Sexual precocity, female breast development III
Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia I Porphyrias I Sexual precocity, female pubic hair development III
Patent ductus arteriosus I Premature graying, scalp hair II Sexual precocity, male III
Pericardial effusion, malignant III Pruritus, generalized, clinical algorithm III Short stature III
Pericarditis I Pruritus vulvae II Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis I
Pleural effusion, malignant III Psoriasis I Thyroid nodule I
Pleural effusions, malignancy-associated II Purpura, nonpalpable II Thyroid, painful, clinical algorithm III
Postural hypotension, nonneurologic causes II Purpura, non-purpuric disorders simulating II Thyroiditis I
Premature ventricular contractions and II purpura Thyromegaly II
ventricular tachycardia Purpura, palpable II
Pulmonary edema I Purpura, palpable, clinical algorithm III ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
Pulmonary edema, non-cardiogenic II Reactive erythema, pediatric patient III Amebiasis I
Pulseless electrical activity I Rocky Mountain spotted fever I Babesiosis I
Renal artery stenosis I Rosacea I Bite wounds I
Rib notching on x-ray II Roseola I Bites and stings, arachnids I
Short QT syndrome I Scabies I Bites and stings, insect I
Sick sinus syndrome I Scarlet fever I Bites, snake I
Syncope I Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) I Botulism I
Tachycardia III Skin blisters III Burns I
Tachycardia, narrow complex III Stevens-Johnson syndrome I Contact dermatitis I
Tachycardia, wide complex III Tinea capitis I Diarrhea, acute III
Takayasu's arteritis I Tinea corporis I Drowning I
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy I Tinea cruris I Ehrlichiosis I
Thrombotic microangiopathies, diagnosis III Tinea pedis I Electrical injury I
Torsades des pointes I Tinea versicolor I Envenomation, marine III
Valvular heart disease II Varicella I Food poisoning, bacterial I
Venous ulcers I Venous insufficiency, chronic I Frostbite I
Ventricular septal defect I Venous ulcers I Giardiasis I
Heat exhaustion and heat stroke I Helicobacter pylori infection I Cervicitis I
High-altitude sickness I Hematemesis II Chlamydia genital infections I
Hypothermia I Hemochromatosis I Condyloma acuminatum I
Lyme disease I Hemoperitoneum II Contraception I
Malaria I Hemoptysis I Cystitis, acute III
Microsporidosis I Hepatic encephalopathy I Delayed passage of meconium II
Mushroom poisoning I Hepatitis A I Dysmenorrhea I
Radiation exposure I Hepatitis, acute II Dyspareunia I
Rocky Mountain spotted fever I Hepatitis B I Dysuria and/or urethral/vaginal discharge III
Salmonellosis I Hepatitis B prophylaxis V Eclampsia I
Shigellosis I Hepatitis C I Ectopic pregnancy I
Southern tick-associated rash illness (STARI) I Hepatitis D I Endometrial cancer I
Tapeworm infestation I Hepatitis E I Endometriosis I
Vaccinations for international travel V Hepatitis, viral III Endometritis I
Zika virus I Hepatomegaly, algorithm III Erosions, genitalia II
Hepatomegaly, by shape of liver II Fallopian tube cancer I
GASTROENTEROLOGY Hepatopulmonary syndrome I Fertility preservation in women I
Abdominal compartment syndrome I Hepatorenal syndrome I Fibrocystic breast disease I
Abdominal pain, chronic lower II Hookworm I Genital lesions or ulcers, algorithm III
Abdominal pain, nonsurgical causes II Hypergastrinemia II Genitopelvic pain/penetration syndrome I
Achalasia I Hypersplenism, associated conditions II Gonococcal urethritis I
Acute colonoic pseudo-obstruction I Hypoglycemia II Gonorrhea I
Acute liver failure I Incontinence, fecal II Groin masses II
Acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding I Inguinal hernia I Heart failure, pregnancy II
Acute mesenteric ischemia I Irritable bowel syndrome I Heavy menstrual bleeding I
Alcoholic hepatitis I Ischemia, colon III Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome I
Anal abscess and fistula II Ischemic colitis I Herpes simplex I
Anorectal fistula I Ischemic hepatitis I Hot flashes I
Anorectal stricture I Jaundice, classification II Hyperemesis gravidarum I
Anorexia II Jaundice in the adult patient I Hypoactive sexual desire disorder I
Aphthous ulcers I Jaundice, neonatal II Hypogonadism III
Appendicitis I Jaundice, neonatal, algorithm III Immunizations during pregnancy V
Ascariasis I Lactose intolerance I Incontinence (urinary) I
Ascites I Large bowel obstruction I Infertility I
Autoimmune hepatitis I Large bowel stricture II Mastitis I
Bacterial overgrowth, small intestine II Levator ani syndrome I Mastodynia I
Barrett esophagus I Liver abscess I Meigs syndrome I
Bile duct, dilated II Liver disease, pregnancy II Menopause I
Bleeding, gastrointestinal, algorithm III Liver lesions, benign II Molar pregnancy I
Bleeding, rectal II Liver transplantation I Nipple lesions II
Bleeding, variceal III Lynch syndrome I Nongonococcal urethritis I
Budd-Chiari syndrome I Malabsorption II Ovarian cancer I
Calcifications, liver on x-ray II Malabsorption algorithm III Ovarian neoplasm, benign I
Calcifications, pancreas on x-ray II Mallory-Weiss tear I Paget's disease of the breast I
Calcifications, spleen on x-ray II Microscopic colitis I Pelvic abscess I
Celiac disease I Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease I Pelvic congestion syndrome I
Cholangiocarcinoma I Non-celiac disease gluten sensitivity I Pelvic inflammatory disease I
Cholangitis I Nutrition assessment and intervention in cancer III Pelvic mass, algorithm III
Cholecystitis I patient Pelvic organ prolapse (uterine prolapse) I
Choledocholithiasis I Odynophagia II Pelvic pain, causes in women II
Cholelithiasis I Pancreas transplantation I Pelvic pain, reproductive-age woman III
Chronic pancreatitis I Pancreatic calcifications II Perirectal abscess I
Cirrhosis I Pancreatic cancer (exocrine) I Placenta previa I
Cirrhosis, primary biliary I Pancreatitis, drug-induced II Polycystic ovary syndrome I
Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy I Peptic ulcer disease I Postpartum depression I
Colic, acute abdominal II Perianal pain II Postpartum hemorrhage I
Colorectal cancer I Peritonitis, secondary I Preeclampsia I
Colostridium difficile infection I Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and other polyposis I Premature rupture of membranes I
Constipation, adult patient II syndromes Premenstrual syndrome I
Constipation I, III Pinworms I Preterm labor I
Crohn disease I Pneumatosis intestinalis in neonate and older child II Primary ovarian insufficiency I
Cryptosporidium infection I Portal hypertension I Pruritus, pregnant patient III
Delayed passage of meconium II Portal vein thrombosis I Pruritus vulvae I, II
Diarrhea, acute III Primary sclerosing cholangitis I Rh incompatibility I
Diarrhea, acute watery and bloody II Rectal mass, palpable II Sexual assault I
Diarrhea, chronic III Retropharyngeal abscess I Sexual dysfunction III
Diarrhea, chronic, in patients with HIV infection, III Shigellosis I Sexual dysfunction in women I, II
algorithm Short bowel syndrome I Spontaneous abortion I
Diarrhea, infectious II Small bowel masses II Syphilis I
Diarrhea, non-infectious II Small bowel obstruction I Thrombocytopenia, in pregnancy II
Diarrhea, persistent I Small bowel intestinal bacterial overgrowth I Toxic shock syndrome I
Diverticular disease (diverticulosis, I Small intestine ulceration II Urinary tract infection I
d iverticulitis) Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis I Uterine fibroids I
Drug-induced liver injury I Subphrenic abscess I Uterine malignancy I
Dyspepsia III Tapeworm infestation I Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy I
Dyspepsia, nonulcerative I Toxic megacolon I Vaginal discharge, algorithm III
Dysphagia, oropharyngeal II Traveler's diarrhea I Vaginal fistulas I
Echinococcosis I Ulcerative colitis I Vaginal cancer I
Eosinophilic esophagitis I Vitamin deficiency (hypovitaminosis) I Vaginal prolapse III
Epigastric pain II Vaginitis, estrogen-deficient I
Esophageal tumors I GYNECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS Vaginitis, fungal I
Esophageal varices I Abruptio placentae I Vaginitis, prepubescent I
Esophagitis II Abnormal uterine bleeding I Vaginitis, Trichomonas I
Familial adenomatous polyps and Gardner I Acute fatty liver of pregnancy I Vaginosis, bacterial I
syndrome Acute pelvic pain in women I
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder I Adnexal masses I HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY
Food poisoning, bacterial I Amniotic fluid alpha-fetoprotein elevation II Acute lymphoblastic leukemia I
Functional gallbladder disorder I Bartholin gland abscess I Acute myeloid leukemia I
Gallbladder carcinoma I Bleeding, early pregnancy III Anemia, algorithm III
Gastric cancer I Bleeding neonate III Anemia, aplastic I, II
Gastric dilatation II Bleeding, vaginal III Anemia, aplastic due to drugs and chemicals II
Gastric emptying, delayed II Bone mineral density, increased II Anemia, autoimmune hemolytic I
Gastritis I Breast cancer I Anemia, hypochromic II
Gastroenteritis I Breastfeeding difficulties III Anemia, inflammatory I
Gastroesophageal reflux disease I Breast, nipple discharge evaluation III Anemia in newborn III
Giardiasis I Breast, radiologic evaluation III Anemia, iron deficiency I
Gilbert disease I Breast, routine screen or palpable mass evaluation III Anemia, macrocytic III
Glossitis I Cervical cancer I Anemia, microcytic III
Glossodynia II Cervical dysplasia I Anemia, pernicious I
Anemia with reticulocytosis III Pancytopenia II Endometritis I
Anorexia-cachexia syndrome associated with I Paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes II Epididymitis I
malignancy Pericardial effusion, malignant III Epidural abscess I
Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome I Pheochromocytoma I Epiglottitis I
Astrocytoma I Pigmenturia II Epstein-Barr virus infection I
Atypical lymphocytosis, heterophil negative, II Pituitary adenoma I Erysipelas I
infectious causes Pituitary region tumors II Esophagitis II
Basal cell carcinoma I Pleural effusion, malignant III Fever and infection in high-risk patient without III
Bladder cancer I Pleural effusions, malignancy-associated II obvious source
Bleeding, congenital disorder III Polycythemia II Fever and neutropenia, pediatric patient III
Bleeding neonate III Polycythemia, algorithm III Fever in the returning traveler I
Bleeding time (modified Ivy method) IV Polycythemia, relative versus absolute II Fever of undetermined origin I
Bone marrow failure syndromes, inherited II Polycythemia vera I Fifth disease (parvovirus infection) I
Bone tumor, primary malignant I Postthrombotic syndrome I Folliculitis I
Brain metastases I Prolactinoma I Food poisoning, bacterial I
Brain neoplasm I Prostate cancer I Foot lesion, ulcerating II
Brain neoplasm, benign I Pulmonary infiltrates, immunocompromised host II Genital lesions or ulcers III
Brain neoplasm, glioblastoma I Purpura, nonpalpable II Giardiasis I
Breast cancer I Purpura, non-purpuric disorders simulating II Gonococcal urethritis I
Cancer of unknown primary site I purpura Granulomatous dermatitides II
Cervical cancer I Purpura, palpable II Groin masses II
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting I Renal cell adenocarcinoma I Hand-foot-mouth disease I
Cholangiocarcinoma I Reticulocyte count IV Helicobacter pylori infection I
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia I Retinoblastoma I Hepatitis A I
Chronic myeloid leukemia I Rh incompatibility I Hepatitis, acute II
Chylothorax II Salivary gland neoplasms I Hepatitis B I
Cobalamin deficiency II Sickle cell disease I Hepatitis C I
Colorectal cancer I Spine tumor III Hepatitis D I
Conjunctival neoplasm II Splenomegaly, algorithm III Hepatitis E I
Cryoglobulinemia I Splenomegaly and hepatomegaly II Hepatitis, viral III
Deep vein thrombosis I Splenomegaly, children II Herpes simplex I
Disseminated intravascular coagulation I Squamous cell carcinoma I Herpes simplex keratitis I
Endometrial cancer I Superior vena cava syndrome I Herpes zoster I
Erythrocytosis II Testicular cancer I HIV-associated cardiomyopathy I
Erythrocytosis, acquired III Thalassemias I Histoplasmosis I
Esophageal tumors I Thrombocytopenia, differential diagnosis II HIV cognitive dysfunction I
Eyelid neoplasm II Thrombocytopenia, inherited disorders II HIV: Recommended immunization schedule for V
Fallopian tube cancer I Thrombocytopenia, in pregnancy II HIV-infected children
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder I Thrombocytosis I Hookworm I
Fever and neutropenia, pediatric patient III Thrombosis or thrombotic diathesis II Human immunodeficiency virus I
Fever, non-infectious causes II Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura I Impetigo I
Folate deficiency II Thyroid carcinoma I Immunization schedule, childhood, accelerated V
Gallbladder carcinoma I Transfusion reaction, hemolytic I if necessary for travel
Gastric cancer I Tumor lysis syndrome I Immunization schedule, childhood and V
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) I Tumor markers elevation II adolescence
Groin masses II Upper extremity deep vein thrombosis I Immunization schedule, contraindications and V
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma I Uterine malignancy I precautions
Hemolysis, mechanical II Vaginal cancer I Immunization schedule, HIV-infected children V
Hemolytic-uremic syndrome I Von Willebrand disease I Immunizations for adults V
Hemophilia I Waldenström macroglobulinemia I Immunizations during pregnancy V
Hemoptysis I Immunizations for immunocompromised infants V
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia I INFECTIOUS DISEASES and children
Hepatocellular carcinoma I Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome I Immunizing agents and immunization schedules V
Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome I Acute bronchitis I for health-care workers
Hodgkin lymphoma I Amebiasis I Influenza I
Hypercalcemia, malignancy-induced II Anaerobic infections I Ischemic hepatitis I
Hypercoagulable state I Anal abscess and fistula II Kaposi sarcoma I
Hypercoagulable state, associated disorders II Ascariasis I Laryngitis I
Hypersplenism I Aspergillosis I Laryngotracheobronchitis I
Hypersplenism, associated conditions II Aspiration, oral contents III Legionnaires' disease I
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura I Aspiration pneumonia I Lemierre syndrome I
Intraocular neoplasm II Atypical lymphocytosis, heterophil negative, II Listeriosis I
Iron overload II infectious causes Liver abscess I
Kaposi sarcoma I Babesiosis I Lung abscess I
Lead poisoning I Bacterial overgrowth, small intestine II Lyme disease I
Liver lesions, benign II Bacterial pneumonia I Lymphangitis I
Lung cancer, occupational causes II Balanitis I Lymphocytosis, atypical II
Lung neoplasms, primary I Bartholin gland abscess I Malaria I
Lymphadenopathy, generalized, algorithm III Bedbug bite I Mastoiditis I
Lymphocytes IV Bite wounds I Mediastinitis I
Lymphocytosis, atypical II Botulism I Mediastinitis, acute II
Macrothrombocytopenia, inherited II Brain abscess I Meningitis, bacterial I
Medical marijuana I Breast abscess I Meningitis, viral I
Meigs syndrome I Candidiasis, cutaneous I Meningitis, recurrent II
Melanoma I Candidiasis, invasive I Mesenteric adenitis I
Meningioma I Cat-scratch disease I Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) I
Mesothelioma, malignant I Cavernous sinus thrombosis I Microsporidiosis I
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia I Cellulitis I Middle East respiratory syndrome I
Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance I Cervicitis I Molluscum contagiosum I
(MGRS) Childhood and adolescent immunizations V Mononucleosis I
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined I Chlamydia genital infections I Mononucleosis, monospot negative II
significance Cholangitis I Mucormycosis I
Monocytosis II Cholecystitis I Multidrug-resistant gram-negative rods I
Mononucleosis, monospot negative II Clostridium difficile infection I (MRD-GNRs)
Multiple endocrine neoplasia I Colorado tick fever I Mumps I
Multiple myeloma I Condyloma acuminatum I Necrotizing fasciitis I
Myelodysplastic syndrome I Conjunctivitis I Necrotizing pneumonias II
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma I Cryptococcosis I Nongonococcal urethritis I
Neutropenia II Cryptosporidium infection I Orchitis I
Neutropenia with decreased marrow reserve II Cysticercosis I Osteomyelitis I
Neutrophilia II Cytomegalovirus infection I Otitis externa I
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma I Diarrhea, infectious II Otitis media I
Nutrition assessment and intervention in cancer III Ear pain III Paronychia I
patient Echinococcosis I Pediculosis I
Ovarian cancer I Ehrlichiosis I Pelvic abscess I
Ovarian neoplasm, benign I Empyema I Pelvic inflammatory disease I
Paget's disease of the breast I Encephalitis, acute viral I Perirectal abscess I
Pancreatic cancer (exocrine) I Endocarditis, infective I Peritonitis, secondary I
Pancreatic islet cell tumors III Endocarditis prophylaxis V Pertussis I
Pharyngitis/tonsillitis I Calcium stones II Convulsive disorder, pediatric age III
Pinworms I Cardiorenal syndrome I Daytime sleepiness II
Pneumonia, mycoplasma I Chronic kidney disease I Delirium I
Pneumonia, pnuemocystis jiroveci I Contrast-associated acute kidney injury I Delirium, agitated II
Pneumonia, viral I Dehydration correction, pediatric patient III Delirium, dialysis patient II
Prostatitis I Edema, generalized, algorithm III Dementia, algorithm III
Pyelonephritis I End-stage kidney disease I Dementia with Lewy bodies I
Reactive arthritis I Glomerulonephritis, rapidly progressive II Diabetic polyneuropathy I
Renal abscess l Glomerulopathies, thrombotic, microangiopathic II Dilated pupil III
Rocky Mountain spotted fever I Glomerulosclerosis, focal segmental II Diplopia, monocular II
Roseola I Goodpasture syndrome I Diplopia, vertical II
Salmonellosis I Hematuria, in children II Dissociative disorders I
Scabies I Hemolytic-uremic syndrome I Dizziness II
Scarlet fever I Hepatorenal syndrome I Dystonia I
Sepsis I Hydronephrosis I Elbow pain II
Septic arthritis I Hypercalcemia, algorithm IV Encephalomyelitis, nonviral causes II
Shigellosis I Hyperkalemia I Encephalopathy I
Sialadenitis I Hypermagnesemia, algorithm IV Epidural abscess I
Sinusitis I Hypernatremia, algorithm IV Epidural hematoma I
Sore throat II Hyperuricemia I Esotropia II
Southern tick-associated rash illness (STARI) I Hypocalcemia, laboratory differential diagnosis II Essential tremor I
Spinal epidural abscess I Hypokalemia, algorithm IV Febrile seizures I
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis I Hypokalemia, differential diagnosis II Focal seizures I
Stomatitis I Hypokalemic periodic paralysis I Footdrop II
Stye (hordeolum) I Hypomagnesemia I Frontotemporal dementia I
Syphilis I Hypomagnesemia, algorithm IV Generalized tonic-clonic seizures I
Tapeworm infestation I Hypomagnesemia, differential diagnosis II Guillain-Barré syndrome I
Thrombophlebitis, superficial I Hyponatremia I, II Hallucinogenic overdose I
Tinea corporis I Hypoparathyroidism I Headache, acute II
Tinea cruris I Hypophosphatemia, algorithm IV Headache, chronic II
Tinea unguium I IgA nephropathy I Hearing loss, algorithm III
Tinea versicolor I Interstitial nephritis I Hereditary neuropathy I
Toxoplasmosis I Kidney enlargement, unilateral II HIV cognitive dysfunction I
Tuberculosis, miliary I Microscopic polyangiits I Horner syndrome I
Tuberculosis, pulmonary I Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance I Huntington chorea I
Urinary tract infection I (MGRS) Hydrocephalus, normal pressure I
Urosepsis II Nephrocalcinosis II Inclusion body myositis I
Vaccinations for international travel V Nephrotic syndrome I Inflammatory myopathies I
Vaccinations, recommendations for persons V Oliguria, algorithm III Intracerebral hemorrhage, nonhypertensive II
with medical conditions Pigmenturia II causes
Vaginitis, fungal I Pyelonephritis I Labyrinthitis I
Vaginitis, Trichomonas I Relapsing polychondritis I Leg movement when standing, involuntary II
Vancomycin resistant Enterococcus (VRE) I Renal abscess I Leptomeningeal lesions II
Varicella I Renal artery stenosis I Memory loss symptoms, elderly patients II
Viral bronchiolitis I Renal cell adenocarcinoma I Meniere disease I
Zika virus I Renal cystic disorders II Meningioma I
Renal disease, ischemic management III Mental status changes and coma II
MISCELLANEOUS Renal failure, acute, pigment-induced II Migraine headache I
Abdominal wall masses II Renal mass III Mild cognitive impairment I
Anaphylaxis I Renal parenchymal disease, chronic II Mononeuropathies, isolated II
Anorexia II Renal tubular acidosis I Motion sickness I
Cyanosis II Renal vein thrombosis I Multiple sclerosis I
Deep vein thrombosis I Rhabdomyolysis I Muscle disease II
Dehydration correction, pediatric patient III Scombroid poisoning I Muscle weakness, algorithm III
Delayed passage of meconium II Statin-induced muscle syndromes I Muscular dystrophy I
Drowning I Tension-type headache l Myasthenia gravis I
Familial Mediterranean Fever I Tumor lysis syndrome I Myelin disorders II
Fever, non-infectious causes II Uric acid stones II Myoclonus I
Food allergies I Urinary retention II Myotonia I
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) I Urine color abnormalities II Narcolepsy I
Groin lump II Urolithiasis I Neurocognitive disorders I
Hallucinogenic overdose I Neuromuscular junction dysfunction II
Iliac fossa pain, left sided II NEUROLOGY Neuronopathies, sensory (ganglionopathies) II
Iliac fossa pain, right sided II Absence seizures I Neuropathic bladder II
Lactic acidosis I Acoustic neuroma I Neuropathic pain I
Malignant hyperthermia I Alzheimer's disease I Neuropathies, peripheral, asymmetrical II
Mediastinitis I Amaurosis fugax I proximal/distal
Mediastinal compartments, anatomy and II Amblyopia I Neuropathies with facial nerve involvement II
pathology Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis I New onset seizures I
Medical marijuana I Anisocoria III Nystagmus, monocular II
Methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning I Anoxic brain injury I Opsoclonus II
Opioid overdose I Antibody-mediated autoimmune encephalitis I Optic atrophy II
Opioid use disorder I Astrocytoma I Optic neuritis I
Paralytic shellfish poisoning I Ataxia, acute or recurrent II Osteosclerosis, diffuse II
Paraneoplastic syndromes I Ataxia, cerebellar, adult onset II Paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes II
Pleurisy I Ataxia, cerebellar, children II Paraparesis, acute or subacute II
Postthrombotic syndrome I Ataxia, chronic or progressive II Paraparesis, chronic progressive II
Sarcoma I Ataxia, progressive III Parkinsonism-plus syndromes II
Shift work disorder I Autistic spectrum disorders I Parkinson disease I
Sore throat II AV malformations, cerebral I Periodic limb movement disorder I
Statin-induced muscle syndromes I Ballism II Polyneuropathies, demyelinating II
Substance use disorder I Bell palsy I Polyneuropathies, distal, sensorimotor II
Synthetic cannabinoids I Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo I Postconcussive syndrome I
Tracheobronchial narrowing on x-ray II Blindness, monocular, transient II Postherpetic neuralgia I
Upper extremity deep vein thrombosis I Brain neoplasm I Primary angiitis of the central nervous system I
Vitamin D deficiency I Brain neoplasm, benign I Ramsay Hunt syndrome I
Vitamin deficiency (hypovitaminosis) I Brain neoplasm, glioblastoma I Restless legs syndrome I
Carotid artery stenosis I Sciatica I
NEPHROLOGY Carpal tunnel syndrome I Seizures, mimics II
Acid-base homeostasis III Cerebral infarction secondary to inherited II Shaken baby syndrome I
Acidosis, metabolic, algorithm III disorders Smell disturbance II
Acute glomerulonephritis I Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) IV Spasticity I
Acute kidney injury I Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease I Spinal cord compression I
Acute tubular necrosis I Chronic inflammatory demyelinating I Spinal cord compression, epidural II
Acute urinary retention (AUR) I polyneuropathy Spinal cord dysfunction, non-traumatic II
Alkalosis, metabolic, algorithm III Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) I Spinal cord ischemic syndromes II
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease I Cluster headache I Spinal stenosis I
AV malformations, cerebral I Complex regional pain syndrome I Status epilepticus I
Calcium-alkali syndrome I Concussion I Stroke, acute ischemic I
2021

F e r r i ’ s
C L I N I C A L
A D V I S O R
FRED F. FERRI, MD, FACP
Clinical Professor
Department of Medicine
Warren Alpert Medical School
Brown University
Providence, Rhode Island
Elsevier
1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd.
Ste 1800
Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899
FERRI'S CLINICAL ADVISOR 2021 ISBN: 978-0-323-71333-7
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ISBN: 978-0-323-71333-7
Publisher: Sarah Barth
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Publishing Services Manager: Catherine Jackson
Senior Project Manager: Kate Mannix
Design Direction: Bridget Hoette
Printed in the United States
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Section Editors
Manuel F. DaSilva, MD Gregory L. Fricchione, MD
Director, Medical Student Education Associate Chief of Psychiatry
Department of Orthopedic Surgery Director, Benson Henry Institute for
Warren Alpert Medical School of Mind Body Medicine
Brown University Director, Pierce Division of Global
Providence, Rhode Island Psychiatry
Massachusetts General Hospital
Mind Body Medical Institute Professor
of Psychiatry
Harvard Medical School
Boston, Massachusetts
Fred F. Ferri, MD, FACP Corey Elam Goldsmith, MD
Clinical Professor Assistant Professor of Neurology
Department of Medicine Neurology Residency Program Director
Warren Alpert Medical School of Baylor College of Medicine
Brown University Chief of Neurology Outpatient Clinics
Providence, Rhode Island Ben Taub Hospital—Harris Health
System
Houston, Texas
Joseph S. Kass, MD, JD,
Glenn G. Fort, MD, MPH,
FAAN
FACP, FIDSA
Associate Dean of Student Affairs
Clinical Associate Professor of
Professor of Neurology, Psychiatry,
Medicine
and Medical Ethics
Warren Alpert Medical School of
Director, Alzheimer’s Disease and
Brown University;
Memory Disorders Center
Chief, Infectious Diseases
Baylor College of Medicine
Our Lady of Fatima Hospital and
Ben Taub General Hospital
Landmark Medical Center
Houston, Texas
Providence, Rhode Island
iii
Section Editors
iv
Bharti Rathore, MD Iris L. Tong, MD
Program Director, Hematology/ Associate Professor
Oncology Fellowship Department of Medicine
Roger Williams Medical Center Warren Alpert Medical School of
Providence, Rhode Island; Brown University;
Assistant Professor of Medicine Attending Physician
Boston University School of Women’s Primary Care
Medicine Women’s Medicine Collaborative
Boston, Massachusetts Providence, Rhode Island
Daphne Scaramangas- John Wylie, MD, FACC
Plumley, MD Director, Cardiac Electrophysiology
Rheumatologist Steward Health Care System;
Attune Health Associate Professor of Medicine
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Tufts University School of Medicine
Beverly Hills, California Boston, Massachusetts
Anthony Sciscione, DO Jerry Yee, MD
Professor of Obstetrics and Clinical Professor of Medicine
Gynecology Department of Internal Medicine
Jefferson Medical College Wayne State University School of
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Medicine;
Residency Program Director Division Head, Nephrology and
Director of Maternal-Fetal Hypertension
Medicine Henry Ford Hospital
Department of Obstetrics and Detroit, Michigan
Gynecology
Christiana Care Health System
Newark, Delaware
Contributors
Alexandra Abrams-Downey, MD Maria Andrievskaya, MD
Professor of Medicine Nephrology Fellow
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Henry Ford Hospital
New York, New York Detroit, Michigan
W. Peyton Adkins, MD Kathryn Taylor Anilowski, MS, PT, CLT-LANA
Resident Physician Physical Therapist
Emergency Medicine Saratoga Springs, New York
University of Tennessee Health Science Center
Memphis, Tennessee Anngene Anthony, MD, MPH, FAAFP
Teaching Faculty
Maxwell Eyram Afari, MD Family Medicine
Advanced Heart Failure and Transplant Cardiologist Hackensack Meridian Health
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Mountainside Medical Center
Maine Medical Center Montclair, New Jersey
Portland, Maine
Joe Aoun, MD
Sandeep Agarwal, MD Cardiovascular Medicine Fellow
Associate Professor of Medicine Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center
Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Houston, Texas
Drexel University College of Medicine
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Erick A. Argueta, MD
Department of Internal Medicine
Mhd Hussam Al Jandali, MD Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University
Nephrology Fellow Providence, Rhode Island
Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology
Henry Ford Health System Pinar Arikan, MD
Detroit, Michigan Resident Physician
Internal Medicine
Maad M. Alhudairy, MD, MAS Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University
Resident Physician Providence, Rhode Island
Internal Medicine
St. Elizabeth’s Medical Center Zuhal Arzomand, MD
Tufts University School of Medicine Rheumatology Fellow
Boston, Massachusetts Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University
Providence, Rhode Island
Tanya Ali, MD
Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine Daniel K. Asiedu, MD, PhD, FACP
Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Staff Physician
Providence, Rhode Island Internal Medicine
Coastal Medical, Inc.
Stephanie Michelle Allen, MS Lincoln, Rhode Island
Baylor College of Medicine
Houston, Texas Sudeep K. Aulakh, MD
Director, Ambulatory Education, Baystate Internal Medicine Residency
Ihab Alomari, MD Assistant Professor
Interventional Cardiologist University of Massachusetts Medical School—Baystate
Assistant Professor of Medicine Baystate Health
University of California, Irvine Springfield, Massachusetts
Orange, California
Rupali Avasare, MD
Rasha B. Alqadi, MD Physician
Rheumatologist Nephrology and Hypertension Department
Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center and Children’s Hospital Oregon Health and Science University
Spokane, Washington Portland, Oregon
Jordan Anderson, MD Sarah Aziz, DO Candidate
Rhode Island Hospital Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine
Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry Stratford, New Jersey
Providence, Rhode Island
v