Table Of Content

FEMINIST FRONTIERS TENTH EDITION VERTA TAYLOR University of California, Santa Barbara NANCY WHITTIER Smith College LEILA J. RUPP University of California, Santa Barbara ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD Lanham « Boulder « New York « London Executive Editor: Nancy Roberts Editorial Assistant: Megan Manzano Executive Channel Manager—Higher Education: Amy Whitaker Credits and acknowledgments for material borrowed from other sources, and reproduced with permission, appear in the Acknowledgments section. Published by Rowman& Littlefield An imprint of The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc. 4501 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 200, Lanham, Maryland 20706 www.rowman.com - 6 Tinworth Street, London SE11 5AL, United Kingdom Copyright © 2020 by The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc. Previously published by McGraw-Hill, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems, without written permission from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote passages in a review. \ British Library Cataloguing in Publication Information Available Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Taylor, Verta A., editor. | Whittier, Nancy, 1966~ editor. | Rupp, Leila J., 1950— editor. Title: Feminist frontiers / edited by Verta Taylor, Nancy Whittier, Leila J. Rupp. Description: 10th Edition. | Lanham : Rowman & Littlefield, [2019] | Revised edition of Feminist frontiers, c2012. | Includes bibliographical references. Identifiers: LCCN 2019000254 | ISBN 9781538108109 (pbk. : alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: Feminism—United States. | Women—United States. | Sex role—United States. | Women—Cross-cultural studies. Classification: LCC HQ1426 .F472 2019 | DDC 305.420973—dc23 LC record available at https:/Accn.loc.gov/2019000254 ©™ The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI/NISO Z39.48—1992. Printed in the United States of America Contents Preface ix About the Editors xi Part I INTRODUCTION Section One: Diversity and Difference 5 1. Living a Feminist Life 7 Sara Ahmed 2. White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack 12 Peggy McIntosh 3. The Master’s Tools Will Never Dismantle the Master’s House 19 Audre Lorde 4. We Hold Our Hands Up: On Indigenous Women’s Love and Resistance 2] Dory Nason 5. Naming: Freaks and Queers 23 Eli Clare Section Two: Theoretical Perspectives 27 6. “Night to His Day”: The Social Construction of Gender 30 Judith Lorber 7. The Medical Construction of Gender 42 Suzanne Kessler 8. Transgender Feminism: Queering the Woman Question 56 Susan Stryker 9. Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence Against Women of Color 62 Kimberlé Crenshaw r e Y ag “iv Contents Part IJ GENDER, CULTURE, AND SOCIALIZATION Section Three: Representation, Language, and Culture 75 10. Gender Stereotyping in the English Language 77 Laurel Richardson 11, Feminist Consumerism and Fat Activists: A Comparative Study of Grassroots Activism and the Dove “Real Beauty” Campaign 81 Josée Johnston and Judith Taylor 12. Cosmetic Surgery: Paying for Your Beauty 94 Debra L. Gimlin 13. Hair Still Matters 107 Ingrid Banks 14. Look @ Me 2.0: Self-Sexualization in Facebook Photographs, Body Surveillance, and Body Image 115 Lindsay Ruckel and Melanie Hill 15. Pregnancy, Then It’s “Back to Business”: Beyoncé, Black Femininity, and the Politics of a Post-Feminist Gender Regime 129 Dayna Chatman Section Four: Socialization 141 16. Hetero-Romantic Love and Heterosexiness in Children’s G-Rated Films 143 Karin A. Martin and Emily Kazyak 17. “I wanted a Soul Mate”: Gendered Anticipation and Frameworks of Accountability in Parents’ Preferences for Sons and Daughters 154 Emily W. Kane 18. The Gender Binary Meets the Gender-Variant Child: Parents’ Negotiations with Childhood Gender Variance 165 Elizabeth P. Rahilly 19. “This Is Your Job Now’: Latina Mothers and Daughters and Family Work 178 Lorena Garcia Part IT] SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF GENDER Section Five: Work and the Economy 191 20. Feminism and the Labor Movement: A Century of Collaboration and Conflict 193 Eileen Boris and Annelise Orleck 21. Racializing the Glass Escalator: Reconsidering Men’s Experience with Women’s Work 199 Adia Harvey Wingfield Contents v 22. The Managed Hand: The Commercialization of Bodies and Emotions in Korean Immigrant-Owned Nail Salons 2:10 Miliann Kang 23. MaidinLA. 223 Pierrette Hondagneu-Sotelo 24. Gender-Fluid Geek Girls: Negotiating Inequality Regimes in the Tech Industry 240 Lauren Alfrey and France Winddance Twine Section Six: Families 253 25. Waking Sleeping Beauty: The Premarital Pelvic Exam and Heterosexuality during the Cold War 256 Carolyn Herbst Lewis 26. Moral Dilemmas, Moral Strategies, and the Transformation of Gender: Lessons from Two Generations of Work and Family Change 269 Kathleen Gerson 27. Love’s Labor’s Cost: The Family Life of Migrant Domestic Workers 279 Rhacel Salazar Parrefias 28. Two Sides of the Same Coin: Revising Analyses of Lesbian Sexuality and Family Formation through the Study of Black Women 282 Mignon R. Moore 29. Intensive Mothering on the Home Front: An Analysis of Army Mothers 288 Kimberly Murray 30. A Reproductive Justice Approach to Safe Haven Baby Laws 302 Laury Oaks Section Seven: Sexualities 313 31. Adolescent Girls’ Sexuality: The More It Changes, the More It Stays the Same 315 Deborah L. Tolman 32. Is Hooking Up Bad for Young Women? 319 Elizabeth A. Armstrong, Laura Hamilton, and Paula England 33. Straight Girls Kissing 323 Leila J. Rupp and Verta Taylor 34. Straight Dude Seeks Same: Mapping the Relationship between Sexual Identities, Practices, and Cultures 327 Jane Ward » 35. The Sexual Habitus of Transgender Men: Negotiating Sexuality through Gender 333 Kristin Schilt and Elroi Windsor ~ vi Contents Section Eight: Bodies, Health, and Reproduction 343 36. “A Way Outa No Way”: Eating Problems among African American, Latina, and White Women 345 Becky Wangsgaard Thompson 37. Loose Lips Sink Ships 354 Simone Weil Davis 38. The Politics of Narrative, Narrative as Politic: Rethinking Reproductive Justice Frameworks through the South Dakota Abortion Story 370 Carly Thomsen 39. Navigating Public Spaces: Gender, Race, and Body Privilege in Everyday Life 385 Samantha Kwan 40. Conquering the Black Girl Blues 398 Lani Valencia Jones and Beverly Guy-Sheftall Section Nine: Violence 407 41. Violence Against Girls Provokes Girls’ Violence: From Private Injury to Public Harm 409 Laurie Schaffner 42. “How You Bully a Girl’: Sexual Drama and the Negotiation of Gendered Sexuality in High School 421 Sarah A. Miller 43. Sexual Assault on Campus: A Multilevel, Integrative Approach to Party Rape 434 Elizabeth A. Armstrong, Laura Hamilton, and Brian Sweeney 44. Good Guys Don’t Rape: Gender, Domination, and Mobilizing Rape 447 C. J. Pascoe and Jocelyn A. Hollander 45. “I Can Defend Myself’: Women’s Strategies for Coping with Harassment While Gaming Online 454 Amanda C. Cote Part IV SOCIAL CHANGE Section Ten: Global Politics and the State 469 46. Who Is a Real Man? The Gender of Trumpism 47] C. J. Pascoe 47. From the Third World to the “Third World Within”: Asian Women Workers Fighting Globalization 480 Grace Chang Contents vil 48. Intersecting Identities and Global Climate Change 492 Joane Nagel 49. Mass Shootings, Masculinity, and Gun Violence as Feminist Issues 498 Tristan Bridges and Tara Leigh Tober 50. Do Muslim Women Really Need Saving? Anthropological Reflections on Cultural Relativism and Its Others 506 Lila Abu-Lughod Section Eleven: Social Protest and Feminist Movements 517 5]. Punks, Bulldaggers, and Welfare Queens: The Radical Potential of Queer Politics? 519 Cathy J. Cohen 52. From Rights to Justice: Women of Color Changing the Face of US Reproductive Rights Organizing 535 Zakiya Luna 53. Zapatismo and the Emergence of Indigenous Feminism 546 Atda Hernandez Castillo 54, The Story of a Slut Walk: Sexuality, Race, and Generational Divisions in Contemporary Feminist Activism 552 Jo Reger 55. Facebook Feminism: Social Media, Blogs, and New Technologies of Contemporary U.S. Feminism 568 Alison Dahl Crossley 56. #safetytipsforladies: Feminist Twitter Takedowns of Victim Blaming 58] Carrie Rentschler 57. A Herstory of the #BlackLivesMatter Movement 583 Alicia Garza Credits 587 Preface T HAS BEEN THIRTY-FIVE YEARS since the first edition of Feminist Frontiers saw the light of day. Coedited by Laurel Richardson and Verta Taylor, it was a pioneering text, since in 1983 there were very few books and anthologies suitable for use in women's studies classes. One editor told Verta that there would be no market for a textbook in women’s studies. That made us smile as we worked on the tenth edition of this book. The evolution of Feminist Frontiers through ten editions reflects both the success of the women’s movement and the incredible development of feminist scholarship over the past decades. Women's studies, gender studies, and feminist studies courses have blossomed and spread to campuses in even the most conservative regions of the country. Feminist scholars have, in the meantime, refined and enlarged our understanding of how gender inequality operates and how it intersects with other systems of domination based on race, ethnicity, class, sexuality, nationality, and ability. There is no doubt that the situation of women has changed since the publication of the first edition of Feminist Frontiers. Gender inequality has not, however, disappeared, as we are too well aware at this historical moment. We are proud that Feminist Frontiers, which has changed dramatically since the first edition, has continued to meet the needs of students and teachers, and we feel fortunate to be writing, teaching, and learning at a time when feminist thought and research are flourishing and deepening, despite the challenges we face both nationally and globally. We developed Feminist Frontiers for use as the major—or supplementary—text in courses on women's studies, gender studies, feminist studies, or the sociology of gender. Because this book offers a general framework for analyzing women, society, and culture, it can be also be used as a supplementary text in introductory sociology classes and in courses on social problems, comparative studies, American studies, and other interdisciplinary classes. Although we have retained some of the articles from previous editions of Feminist Frontiers—particularly writings that have become feminist classics—the book has been updated to include recent scholarship. We have added thirty-five new selections as we continue to select readings that empha- size the diversity of women’s experiences and the intersections of gender with race, ethnicity, class, sexuality, nationality, and ability. There are new readings on topics that were covered in previous editions, including on indigenous women, disability, masculinity, body image, media, transgender, parenting, work, sexuality, reproduction, sexual assault and harassment, and women's activism. Other added readings take on new topics, including the “gender of Trumpism,” climate change, mass shootings, and the #BlackLivesMatter movement. We have been particularly attentive to the ways that social media have changed society and have reprinted blogs and other online writings as well as articles analyzing the impact of Facebook, Twitter, and online gaming. As in previous editions, the introductions to each section contain focused summaries of the readings and their relationship to each other, as well as discussion questions for each reading.