Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery

648 Pages·2013·27.304 MB·English

by  Rebecca G. Rogers, Vivian Sung, Cheryl B. Iglesia, Ranee Thakar

Female Pelvic
Medicine and
Reconstructive
Surgery
Roge_FM_i-xvi.indd i 04/04/13 10:06 PM
NOTICE
Medicine is an ever-changing science. As new research and clinical experi-
ence broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy are
required. The authors and the publisher of this work have checked with
sources believed to be reliable in their efforts to provide information that is
complete and generally in accord with the standards accepted at the time of
publication. However, in view of the possibility of human error or changes
in medical sciences, neither the authors nor the publisher nor any other
party who has been involved in the preparation or publication of this work
warrants that the information contained herein is in every respect accurate or
complete, and they disclaim all responsibility for any errors or omissions or
for the results obtained from use of the information contained in this work.
Readers are encouraged to confirm the information contained herein with other
sources. For example and in particular, readers are advised to check the product
information sheet included in the package of each drug they plan to administer
to be certain that the information contained in this work is accurate and that
changes have not been made in the recommended dose or in the contraindica-
tions for administration. This recommendation is of particular importance in
connection with new or infrequently used drugs.
Roge_FM_i-xvi.indd ii 04/04/13 10:07 PM
Female Pelvic
Medicine and
Reconstructive
Surgery
Clinical Practice and Surgical Atlas
Editor
Rebecca G. Rogers, MD, FACOG
Regent’s Professor
Vice Chair for Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Chief, Division of Urogynecology
Fellowship Director, Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery
University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center
Albuquerque, New Mexico
Associate Editors
Vivian W. Sung, MD, MPH
Associate Professor
Director of Research
Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University
Providence, Rhode Island
Cheryl B. Iglesia, MD, FACOG
Director
Section of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery
National Center for Advanced Pelvic Surgery (NCAPS)
MedStar Washington Hospital Center
Associate Professor
Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Urology
Georgetown University School of Medicine
Washington, District of Columbia
Ranee Thakar, MD, MRCOG
Consultant Urogynaecologist and Obstetrician
Honorary Senior Lecturer at St. George’s University of London
Croydon University Hospital
Croydon, CR7 7YE
United Kingdom
New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City
Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto
Roge_FM_i-xvi.indd iii 04/04/13 10:07 PM
Copyright © 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education, LLC. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this
publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of
the publisher.
ISBN: 978-0-07-176146-8
MHID: 0-07-176146-2
The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-0-07-175641-9,
MHID: 0-07-175641-8.
All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in
an editorial fashion only, and to the benefi t of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this
book, they have been printed with initial caps.
McGraw-Hill Education eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs.
To contact a representative please e-mail us at [email protected].
TERMS OF USE
This is a copyrighted work and McGraw-Hill Education, LLC. and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms.
Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse
engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without
McGraw-Hill Education’s prior consent. You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited.
Your right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these terms.
THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS.” McGRAW-HILL EDUCATION AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES AS TO
THE ACCURACY, ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUDING ANY
INFORMATION THAT CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY
WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR
A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. McGraw-Hill Education and its licensors do not warrant or guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your
requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or error free. Neither McGraw-Hill Education nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for
any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for any damages resulting therefrom. McGraw-Hill Education has no responsibility for
the content of any information accessed through the work. Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill Education and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect,
incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of
the possibility of such damages. This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or
otherwise.
Dedication
RG Rogers: This book is dedicated to my family, John, Zachariah, and Hannah.
Without them, I would be lost. In addition, I would like to express my appreciation
and gratitude to the many patients I have had the privilege of caring for and the
amazing team I work with. Special thanks to Yuko, Gena, Peggy, Gwendy, and
Judy.
V Sung: To Helen, Sam, Doug, Kelsey, and Isla
C Iglesia: Dedicated to the ones I love, most especially Jon, Julie, and Brittany
R Thakar: Dedicated to all I have learnt from……………..my mentors, my fellows,
my patients
Roge_FM_i-xvi.indd v 04/04/13 10:07 PM
This page intentionally left blank
Contents
Contributors ix Part B: Functional Anorectal Disorders 153
Preface xv
9. Anal Incontinence 153
Dipal Patel and Anton Emmanuel
10. Defecatory Dysfunction 173
I I FUNDAMENTAL TOPICS Gena Dunivan and William Whitehead
11. Anorectal Investigations 191
W. Thomas Gregory and Milena M. Weinstein
1. Epidemiology 3
Pamela J. Levin and Jennifer M. Wu Part C: Pelvic Organ Prolapse 209
2. Normal Anatomy of the 12. Pelvic Organ Prolapse:
Pelvis and Pelvic Floor 19 Anterior Prolapse 209
Marlene M. Corton Richard P. Foon and Robert Freeman
3. Mechanisms of Disease 51 13. Posterior Vaginal Wall Prolapse 225
Victoria L. Handa Tristi W. Muir
4. Clinical and Quality of Life Evaluation 61 14. Apical Pelvic Organ Prolapse 245
Mamta M. Mamik and Rebecca G. Rogers Tyler M. Muffl y, J. Eric Jelovsek,
and Mark D. Walters
15. Pelvic Imaging 265
Olga Ramm and Kimberly Kenton
II I DISEASE STATES
Part D: Other Pelvic Floor Disorders 279
16. Pain of Urogenital Origin 279
Part A: Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction 83
Cassandra L. Carberry and Deborah L. Myers
5. Stress Urinary Incontinence 83
17. Urinary Tract Infections 301
Charles R. Rardin and Nicole B. Korbly
Charlotte Chaliha
6. Urgency and Mixed
18. Female Sexual Dysfunction 315
Urinary Incontinence 99
Christine M. Vaccaro and Rachel N. Pauls
Husam Abed and Yuko Komesu
7. Evaluation of Bladder Function 119
Cynthia S. Fok and Elizabeth R. Mueller
8. Voiding Phase Dysfunction 135
Benjamin M. Brucker and Victor W. Nitti
vii
Roge_FM_i-xvi.indd vii 04/04/13 10:07 PM
viii Contents
III I CLINICAL MANAGEMENT IV I SURGICAL ATLAS
19. Pessaries for Treatment 27. Instrumentation 449
of Pelvic Organ Prolapse Jeannine M. Miranne and Cheryl B. Iglesia
and Urinary Incontinence 339
28. Stress Urinary Incontinence 455
Ranee Thakar
Alicia C. Ballard, Robert L. Holley, and Holly E. Richter
20. Physical Therapy for
29. Urgency Urinary Incontinence
Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 353
and Overactive Bladder 475
Kari Bø
Karen L. Noblett and Stephanie Jacobs
21. Behavioral Treatment for
30. Vaginal Hysterectomy
Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 371
with Uterosacral Plication 487
Kathryn L. Burgio, Patricia S. Goode,
and Alayne D. Markland John B. Gebhart and Christine A. Heisler
22. Use of Graft Materials 31. Laparoscopic Hysterectomy 501
in Reconstructive Surgery 391 Deirdre Lum and Ted Lee
David D. Rahn and Vivian W. Sung 32. Anterior Compartment Surgery 513
23. Route of Pelvic Organ Surgery 407 Sandra R. Valaitis
Anthony Smith and Fiona Reid 33. Posterior Compartment Surgery 521
24. Perioperative Medical Evaluation 413 Amy Park
Danielle D. Marshall and Robert E. Gutman 34. Apical Procedures 529
25. Postoperative Care of Patients Sunil Balgobin and Marlene M. Corton
with Functional Disorders
35. Anal Incontinence 553
of the Pelvic Floor 425
Giulio Aniello Santoro and Abdul H. Sultan
Patrick A. Nosti and Andrew I. Sokol
36. Fistula Repair 571
26. Incorporation of New Treatments
Steven Arrowsmith
into Clinical Practice 441
Cynthia A. Brincat, Stergios K. Doumouchtsis, 37. Complications from
and Dee E. Fenner Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery 583
Matthew D. Barber and Howard Goldman
Index 603
Roge_FM_i-xvi.indd viii 04/04/13 10:07 PM
Contributors
Husam Abed, MD Cynthia A. Brincat, MD, PhD
Clinical Assistant Professor Assistant Professor
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of OBGYN
Wayne State University Division of Gynecology
Director, Division of Female Pelvic Medicine The University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics
and Reconstructive Surgery Madison, Wisconsin
Henry Ford Health System Chapter 26
Detroit, Michigan
Chapter 6 Benjamin M. Brucker, MD
Assistant Professor
Steven Arrowsmith, MD Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery
Clinical Consultant Department of Urology
Engender Health Fistula Care Project New York, New York New York University Langone Medical Center
Clinical Consultant New York, New York
Fistula Foundation Chapter 8
San Jose, California
Clinical Consultant Kathryn L. Burgio, PhD
Worldwide Fistula Fund Professor of Medicine
Denver, Colorado University of Alabama at Birmingham
Clinical Consultant Associate Director for Research
Mercy Ships Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center
Garden Valley, Texas Birmingham VA Medical Center
Chapter 36 Birmingham, Alabama
Chapter 21
Sunil Balgobin, MD
Assistant Professor Kari Bø, PhD
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Physiotherapist, Exercise Scientist
Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Norwegian School of Sport Sciences
Pelvic Surgery Department of Sports Medicine
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Oslo, Norway
Dallas, Texas Chapter 20
Chapter 34
Cassandra L. Carberry, MD, MS
Alicia C. Ballard, MD Clinical Assistant Professor
Instructor/Fellow Division of Urogynecology and
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery
Division of Urogynecology and Pelvic The Alpert Medical School of Brown University
Reconstructive Surgery Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island
University of Alabama Providence, Rhode Island
Birmingham, Alabama Chapter 16
Chapter 28
Charlotte Chaliha, MBBChir, MA, MD, MRCOG
Matthew D. Barber, MD, MHS Consultant
Professor of Surgery and Vice Chairman of Clinical Obstetrician and Gynaecologist,
Research, Obstetrics Subspecialist in Urogynaecology
Gynecology and Women’s Health Institute Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Cleveland Clinic Royal London Hospital
Cleveland, Ohio London, E11BB
Chapter 37 Chapter 17
ix
Roge_FM_i-xvi.indd ix 04/04/13 10:07 PM