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Catalogue96-315E FemaleBaby c- Boomers: AGeneration atWork FocusonCanada FemaleBabyBoomers: AGenerationatWork By:DianeGalameau CatalogueNo.96-315E PublishedbyStatisticsCanadaandPrenticeHallCanadaInc. v:> d^ikHl Statistics Statistique /^*^->^-^JU! Canada Canada V-/3,11.3,0.3, CanadianCataloguinginPublicationData Galameau,Diane FemaleBabyBoomers:AGenerationatWork (FocusonCanadaseries) CS96-315E IssuedalsoinFrenchunderthetitle: Unegenerationautravail:lesfemmesdubaby-boom 1.Middleagedwomen-Employment-Canada-Statistics. 2.Women-Employment-Canada-Statistics.3.Canada-Census,1991. I.StatisticsCanada.II.Title III.Series:FocusonCanada(Ottawa,Ontario). HD6098.G371994331.3'94'082C94-931069-7 PublishedbyauthorityoftheMinister responsibleforStatisticsCanada ©MinisterofIndustry, ScienceandTechnology,1994 Allrightsreserved. Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedina retrievalsystemortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical, photocopying,recordingorotherwisewithoutpriorwrittenpermissionfromLicence Services,MarketingDivision,StatisticsCanada,Ottawa,Ontario,CanadaKIA0T6. ISBN0-13-150905-5 PublishedbyStatisticsCanadaandPrenticeHallCanadaInc. AcquisitionsEditor:MichaelBickerstaff,PrenticeHallCanadaInc. ProductManager:LomaBailie,StatisticsCanada 12345 9897969594 PrintedandboundinCanada. Distributedby: PrenticeHallCanadaInc. 1870BirchmountRd. Scarborough,Ontario M1P2J7 Preface FocusonCanadaisaseriesofpublicationsportrayingthepeopleofCanada.The portraitisdrawnthroughtheanalysisofthedatacollectedbythe1991CensusofPopulation andHousing. Eachpublicationexaminesaspecificissueandprovidesademographic, social,culturalandeconomicperspective. Theauthorsofthisserieshavetakenspecialcaretomaketheiranalysisinformativeand easytoread.Theymakeuseofdescriptivegraphsanddatatablestomoreclearlyillustrate theinformation.Oftentheresultsarecomparedtopreviouscensuses,showinghowCanada andCanadianshavechangedovertime. ThepublicationswerepreparedbyanalystsatStatisticsCanada,andreviewedbypeers fromwithintheAgencyaswellasexpertsfromexternalorganizations.Iwouldliketoextend mythankstoallthecontributorsfortheirroleinproducingthisusefulandinteresting publication. IwouldliketoexpressmyappreciationtothemillionsofCanadianswhocompleted theirquestionnairesonJune4,1991. StatisticsCanadaisverypleasedtobeabletonow providethissummaryoftheresults.Ihopeyouenjoyreadingthisstudy-andtheothersin thisseries. IvanP.Fellegi ChiefStatisticianofCanada FemaStlaetiBstaibcysCBaonoamdears-:CAatGaelnoegureatNioo.n9a6t-3W1o5rEk . TableofContents Highlights 1 Introduction 3 Chapter1. TheBabyBoom 5 JustWhatIstheBabyBoom? 5 DescriptionofGroupsStudied 6 Chapter2. LabourForceParticipationRateandEconomicContext . 9 Pre-baby-boomWomen 9 FemaleBabyBoomers,FirstWave 11 FemaleBabyBoomers,SecondWave 18 Post-baby-boomWomen 21 ParticipationRateofWomeninLone-parentFamilies 22 Chapter3. Industry,OccupationandWorkPattern 25 Industry 25 Occupation 27 WorkPattern 29 FSteamtiaslteicBsaCbaynaBdoaom-eCrast:alAogGueeneNroa.t9i6o-n3a15tEWork 11 TableofContents(continued) Chapter4. RealEmploymentIncome 33 RealEmploymentIncomeofWomenWorkingFullYearFullTime 33 RealEmploymentIncomeofWomenWorkingPartTimeorPartYear 34 ComparisonofRealEmploymentIncomeEarnedbyMenandWomen 36 Woman'sContributiontoFamilyEmploymentIncome 39 Conclusion 43 Notes 45 ListofTables 1. AgeofWomenintheFourGroups,LastThree10-yearCensuses 7 1.2 DistributionoftheGroupsofWomen16YearsofAgeandOverby YearofBirth 7 2.1 DistributionandParticipationRatesofPre-baby-boomWomenby SelectedDemographicandEconomicVariables 10 2.2 DistributionandParticipationRatesofFirst-waveFemaleBabyBoomers bySelectedDemographicandEconomicVariables 12 2.3 DistributionandParticipationRatesofSecond-waveFemaleBaby BoomersandPost-baby-boomWomenbySelectedDemographic andEconomicVariables 20 2.4 ParticipationRatesofWomenintheFourGroupsbyFamilyTypeand PresenceofPreschoolChild(ren) 22 3.1 DistributionoftheGroupsofWomenbyIndustry 26 3.2 DistributionoftheGroupsofWomenbyOccupation 28 4. AverageRealEmploymentIncomeoftheGroupsofWomenWorking FullYearFullTime 34 4.2 AverageEmploymentIncomeoftheGroupsofWomenWorking PartTimeorPartYear 35 4.3 EmploymentIncomeRatio(female/male)byEducation 37 4.4 ContributionofMarriedorCommon-lawStatusWomentoAverageFamily EmploymentIncome 41 FemaStlaetiBsatibcysCBaonoamdears-:CAatGaelnoegureatNioo.n9a6t-3W1o5rkE 1 TableofContents(concluded) ListofCharts 1.1 NumberofLiveBirths,Canada1921-1992 6 2.1 ParticipationRateofWomenbyGroup 13 2.2 ParticipationRateofWomenWith9to13YearsofSchoolingbyGroup 14 2.3 ParticipationRateofWomenWithaUniversityDegreebyGroup 15 2.4 ParticipationRateofMarriedWomenbyGroup 16 2.5 ParticipationRateofWomenWithatLeastOneChildbyGroup 17 2.6 ParticipationRateofWomenWithatLeastOnePreschoolChild byGroup 17 2.7 UnemploymentRateofWomenbyGroup 19 3.1 Part-timeWorkIncreasingamongWomen16to25Years 29 3.2 MostWomen26YearsofAgeandOverWorkFull-time 30 3.3 ProportionofSelf-employedWomenbyGroup 31 4. EmploymentIncomeRatio(female/male)byEducationforWomen 26to35YearsofAge,byGroup 38 4.2 ContributionofWomen26to35YearsofAgetoAverageFamily EmploymentIncome,byGroup 40 StatisticsCanada-CatalogueNo.96-315E FemaleBabyBoomers:AGenerationatWork