Feeding Globalization: Madagascar and the Provisioning Trade, 1600–1800 PDF
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I N D I A N O C E A N S T U D I E S S E R I E S Feeding Globalization MADAGASCAR AND THE PROVISIONING TRADE, 1600–1800 Jane Hooper ADVANCE PRAISE FOR FEEDING GLOBALIZATION “Hooper meticulously reconstructs a convincing picture of how the steady demands of European shipping and colonies for food supplies stimulated the emergence of state formation in western and eastern Madagascar.” —Edward A. Alpers, author of The Indian Ocean in World History “Hooper has done a fine job by pushing the history of Madagascar’s economic ties with the exterior into territory not adequately explored (or explored at all) by other historians.” —Pier M. Larson, author of Ocean of Letters: Language and Creolization in an Indian Ocean Diaspora “This important book highlights Madagascar’s key role in the Indian Ocean’s maritime and commercial circuits as a provider of foodstuffs and provisions. These fueled the commodity and the slave exchanges, which in turn braided a variety of historical actors together within the ocean and beyond.” —Pedro Machado, author of Ocean of Trade: South Asian Merchants, Africa and the Indian Ocean, c. 1750–1850 “Jane Hooper sheds light on a crucial yet unexplored aspect of early modern globalization. Feeding Globalization chronicles the extent to which European shipping in the southwest Indian Ocean relied on provisions obtained in Madagascar to literally feed global trade across the Atlantic and Indian Oceans while fueling state formation and slaving on the island.” —Kerry Ward, author of Networks of Empire: Forced Migration in the Dutch East India Company “Jane Hooper’s groundbreaking study of Madagascar’s provisioning trade offers a fascinating new perspective on Indian Ocean exchanges, European long-distance trade, Madagascan engagement with global markets, and the transformation of the island in the early modern era.” —Jeremy Prestholdt, author of Domesticating the World: African Consumerism and the Genealogies of Globalization FEEDING GLOBALIZATION Indian Ocean Studies Series Richard B. Allen, series editor Richard B. Allen, European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500–1850 Erin E. Stiles and Katrina Daly Thompson, eds., Gendered Lives in the West- ern Indian Ocean: Islam, Marriage, and Sexuality on the Swahili Coast Jane Hooper, Feeding Globalization: Madagascar and the Provisioning Trade, 1600–1800 ADVISORy BOARD Edward A. Alpers University of California, Los Angeles, Emeritus Clare Anderson University of Leicester Sugata Bose Harvard University Ulbe Bosma International Institute of Social History, Leiden Janet Ewald Duke University Devleena Ghosh University of Technology Sydney Enseng Ho Duke University Isabel Hofmeyr University of the Witwatersrand Pier M. Larson Johns Hopkins University Om Prakash University of Delhi (emeritus) Himanshu Prabha Ray National Monuments Authority, India Kerry Ward Rice University Nigel Worden University of Cape Town Markus Vink SUNY at Fredonia Feeding Globalization Madagascar and the Provisioning Trade, 1600–1800 JANE HOOPER OHIO UNIVERSITy PRESS ATHENS, OHIO Ohio University Press, Athens, Ohio 45701 ohioswallow.com © 2017 by Ohio University Press All rights reserved To obtain permission to quote, reprint, or otherwise reproduce or distribute material from Ohio University Press publications, please contact our rights and permissions department at (740) 593-1154 or (740) 593-4536 (fax). Printed in the United States of America Ohio University Press books are printed on acid-free paper ƒ ™ 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Hooper, Jane, 1981– author. Title: Feeding globalization : Madagascar and the provisioning trade, 1600/1800 / Jane Hooper. Other titles: Indian Ocean studies series. Description: Athens : Ohio University Press, 2017. | Series: Indian Ocean studies series | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017008599| ISBN 9780821422533 (hc : alk. paper) | ISBN 9780821422540 (pb : alk. paper) | ISBN 9780821445945 (pdf) Subjects: LCSH: Slave trade—Madagascar—History—17th century. | Slave trade—Madagascar—History—18th century. | Food industry and trade—Political aspects—Madagascar—History—17th century. | Food industry and trade—Political aspects—Madagascar—History—18th century. | Madagascar—Commerce. | Madagascar—Politics and government—17th century. | Madagascar—Politics and government—18th century. Classification: LCC DT469.M31 H66 2017 | DDC 969.101—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017008599 Contents List of Illustrations vii Acknowledgments ix Abbreviations xi Chapter 1 Feasts and Violence 1 Chapter 2 “The Richest and Most Fruitful Island in the World” 21 Chapter 3 The Sakalava From Warriors to Merchants 56 Chapter 4 The Betsimisaraka, Pirate Kings 76 Chapter 5 Rituals of Consumption, Rituals of Domination 91 Chapter 6 European Warfare and Imperialism 111 Chapter 7 Slaving Failures 131 Chapter 8 Exporting Violence to the Comoros 155 Chapter 9 From Feasts to Famine 170 Appendix Sources for Figures 177 Notes 181 Bibliography 287 Index 325 v Illustrations FIGURES 2.1. Dutch VOC ships visiting Madagascar, by decade, 1590–1780 33 2.2. A Dutch visit to southeastern Madagascar, c. 1618 35 2.3. French visits to Madagascar, by decade, 1600–1700 42 2.4. English East India Company visits to Madagascar, by decade, 1600–1700 50 6.1. British and French visits to Madagascar, by decade, 1700–1780 113 7.1. Slaves purchased in Madagascar by Europeans, five-year periods, 1640–1780 132 MAPS 2.1. Indian Ocean 26 3.1. Madagascar, c. 1600–1800 59 vii
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