Fatigue Data Book - Light Structural Alloys PDF
Preview Fatigue Data Book - Light Structural Alloys
Fatigue Data Book: Light Structural Alloys Scott D. Henry, Manager of Reference Development Grace M. Davidson, Manager Reference Book Production Sbven R. Lampman, Technical Editor Faith Rsldenbach, Chief Copy Editor Randall L. Boring, Production Coordinator William W. Scott, Jr., Director of Technical Publications EditorialA ssistance Kathleen S. Dragolich Nikki 0. OiMatteo Copyright 0 1995 by ASM International@ All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the written permission of the copyright owner. First printing, November 1995 Digital printing, September 201 1 This book is a collective effort involving hundreds of technical specialists. It brings together a wealth of information from worldwide sources to help scientists, engineers, and technicians solve current and long-range problems. 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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-PublicationD ata Fatigue data book: light structural alloys. p. cm.-Includes bibliographical references. 1. Light metal alloys-Fatigue. I. ASM International TA484.F37 1995 620.1'66dc20 95-39481 ISBN-13: 978-0-87170-507-5 ISBN-10: 0-87170-507-9 SAN: 204-7586 ASM International@ Materials Park, OH 44073-0002 www.asminternational.org Printed in the United States of America Table of Contents ................... ................................. IovF- 1 Alloy Name: 6061 76 ............................................ ...................... 6063 78 AluminumAlloyS-NFatigue, 3 ......................................... EEffffeecctt ooff EMnivcirroopnomroesnitty . ........, . ,. ., .. ,, .. ., ..... , ..........................I, ......,. .. 73 7xla77A0000lb52 o ..y..s.. .................................................................................. 777999 ......................... ............................................ AluminumAlloyS.NData 13 7039 80 ...................... . . ............................................ AluU2m0n0loa8lul o.rny. .ead.nA.d.l 2u.xm..mi.n .Au.ml.lo. .y..s.. I.. .,.. .............., ............, ....., . ........ ,, . ,, .. .,, 111333 777000754509- 0.. a.n.d. .-T..6. ....................................................................... 988011 222000111147 ...... ......................,.... .I. ...... .,. ...... .,. ,.. .....,............., . ............... ,, . ....... ,, .., ..I... ,I ., ... , , ,.. ,., 111574 777000777555 -CT-7o6r35r o1.0s.i.o.-T.n. 7F.3a.5t.i1g..u.ae.n .d...-.T....7..3..5...1..0.. ........................................................ . 1990651 ... .......................... 3 I I .. .............................. 220W24-TT34 ..#. ...I. .. ....................... I ....,. ... ,. .. 1189 77007769.a7n0d7X9.7a0n8d07 .1.0.6. .............................. 110032 .......I ................. . I .....I ... ....................................... m220C2TQ43-4TT6866.,. ..T T835511. a.TnId S.5T23.6.T1 8.6.1. .. .......... ,. ,.. ,,. ... ,,, ,I. .. I, ......., ...... 222322 777111774859 ..-7....3.. .............................................................................. 111000564 .. . ...................................I ........................................... 2025 , ,.., 26 7475 110 ..........I ...................... 2124 , ..,..,..... 26 .......... .., ..,..,. .... ................ 2219-T6and-T8 27 115 .... ..................I. ............. ............ 2219-T62 28 .......... ....I. ......... .,......, .... .. . .. MagnasiumAUoyeFatigueandFrsctum 117 2219.T87 ..................... ....,.,. ..,. ...,.....I. .. 28 Physical Metallurgy .................................. 118 2219-TS51 ..............I . ... ..... .. 31 castinp ........................................... 119 3xx2x6 a1n8d- 4Tx6xdx -ATll6o5ys1 ..................I. ..I ........... 3334 Zirconium-FreecastingA lloys ...................... 120 33000034 ...,., .. I. ..........,. ....I, ..... I.*... I. ........................ .II ..,. .... , a. ..... , ......... 3294 ZPrirocdouncituiomn- oCfo Cnatasitnininggs C ....a..s..ti..n..g.. ..A..U....o..y..s.. ........................................... ....11 2230 4xx4x0a3n2d.T.S6.x .x..x ..A....U...o,.y..s.. ..,................. ........,.....,................,............... ... . , ..,, .... 3 3377 WroMWuegrochuht gAahnltli oFcyaoslr Rm.o.s.p ...e..r.t.i..e..s.. ........................................................ 111232304 4043 ... ................., ..,..,..,., 38 Wrought Mechanical Properties ...................... 131 5005 , ..,, .....,., 38 ............................. ................................ Novel Magnesium Alloys 138 555000555023 .....................,, .,I I. .........................,. . ....... .., ...., I ,, ......I ,. ...,., I....., q. 433199 FFarstcigtuureeSTtroeungghtnhe. .s.sa.n..d.C..ra..c.k.G.r.o..w.t.h. ............................................... ....... 11 3491 5555000O8588362.3H ..-1..01..~2 ..1 ..d.....I.H...I...lI. .. ............,. .. .......,., .. .,I . .......... ,... .............................,*. . ,., ........ . Ie. . .I.. . ...I ...e. ..... .. .II .... .....,..I..... ,,I . ... . 44442543 MaSgtrnCSesetomssrCrisouo-sCmimooniAom FnaaUatiinogodnuyC eCF .or..aam..ct..ksi..giin..ou..gn.. eF....D..a...t..a.i.g..t..u.a...e.... ..... ............................................................. . ...1111 64444461 5083.H31..H32.m d.H34 ,. 49 Mg-AlCastingAlloys 151 5083-H113 ...... ..........................I. ...... 50 AMlOOA ....................................... 151 5083.H321. .H323 .. ............................ , . 54 AZ63A(UNSM11630) ............................ 151 5086 ...............I ............................. 55 AZ63A. Notched Fatigue ........................... 152 5154 ...................................... ..... 59 AZ91B (UNSM 11912)AxialFatigue .................1 52 5182-0Shet ...................................1 .. 60 AZ91B. Rotating- ............................ 152 5356 ... , .................................. , ..... 60 AZ9 1 B. Plate Bending ............................. 153 ............................................ ............. 5454 61 AZ91C (UNS M1194). UnnotchedFatigue 153 5456 ................. . ..................... 64 AZ91C.NotchedFatigue. .......................... 153 Alloy Name: 5456 .......I ....I ..I .................... 67 AZ9 1C. Strain-Life Fatigue ......................... 154 5456-H343 ....................................... 69 AZ91D-HP(UNSM11916).Strain.LifeFatigue ......... 154 ........................................ ............ QxxxAUoys , 70 AZ91E&l”S M11919). Strain-LifeFatigue 154 6009 .......................................... , . 70 AZ91EFatigueCrackGrowth ....................... 155 6010and6013sheet ............ .................... 70 AZ91E. Corrosion Fatigue .......................... 155 6053.T6 ....................................... , . 71 AZ91E.CrackGrowth withCorrosion ................. 155 6061 ................................... ........, 71 AZ92A(UNS MI 1920). UnnotchedFatigue ............ 156 V .......................... ....... AZ92A. Notched Fatigue. 156 Commemially Pure and Modifled Titanium 205 .............................. ......................... Mg-A1 Wrought Alloys I57 Unalloyed Ti Grade I. R50250. 205 ............................ ....................................... AZ31B (UNS M11311) 157 Chemistry 205 ...................... ........................ AZ31B. Plate Bending Fatigue 157 Product Forms and Condition 205 ..................... ..................................... AZ3 1B . Sheet. Bending Fatigue 157 Applications 205 ......................... ......................... AZ31B. Strain Life Fatigue 158 Unalloyed Ti Grade 2. R50400 Un .......................... ...................................... AZ3 1B . Corrosion Fatigue 158 Chemistry. 207 ...................... ........................ AZ3 1B . Fatigue Crack Growth 159 product Forms and Condition 207 ........................... .................................... AZ261A(UNSM11610) 159 Applications. 207 ................................ ......................... AZ61A. Extmsion 159 Unalloyed Ti Grade 3. R50550 209 ...................................... ..................................... AZ61ABar 160 Chemistry., 209 .................................... ........................ AZ61A.Plat.e 160 Product Forms and Condition 209 ............................ .................................... AZ8OA(UNSM11800) 160 Applications. 209 .................. ......................... AZBOA (E T4. TS, and T6 Tempers) 16 1 Unalloyed Ti Grade 4. R507OO 211 .............................. ....................................... AZSOA-TS. Notched 16 1 Chemistry 211 .......................... ....................... AZ80A. Bending Fatigue. 162 Product FormsandCondition. 211 AZSO. Axial Fatigue ............................... 162 Applications ............ .......................... 211 ........................... ........... AZ8lA(UNSM11810). 162 Ti-0.2Pd, R52400 (Grade7) R52250 (Grade 11) 212 ...................................... ..................................... Mg-ZnAUoys 163 Chemistry., 212 ................. ........................ ZEAlACasting Alloy (UNS M16410) 163 Product Forms and Condition 212 ................. ..................................... ZK61ACastingAlloy (UNS M1660) 163 Applications 212 ................ .............................. ZH 62ACasting Alloy (UNS M16620) 164 Ti-0.3M0-0.8Ni.RS3400 214 ....................... ....................................... ZElOASheet (UNS M16100) 164 Chemistry 214 ................................ ........................ X60A Exnsions 165 Product Forms and Condition 214 .............. ..................................... ZK60A (UNS M166W) Fatigue Strength 166 Applications 214 ........................... ................................... ZK60AFatigue Strength 166 Fatigue Roperties 215 .... ................................. ZK60A(UNS M16600)Plate. FatigueCrackGrowth 167 Fracture Roperties., 216 ....... ......................... ZK60A Extrusion. Fatigue Crack Growth in Water 168 Fracture Mechanism Maps. 217 ...................................... ..................................... Mg-ThA lloys 170 TiSAI=2.W 218 HK31A(UNS M13310) ........................... 170 Chedstry and Density. ............................ 218 HZ32A(UNSM13320) ............................ 171 Product Forms ................................... 218 HM21A(UNS M13210) ........................... 171 Product Conditionm'iimstructure .................... 218 HM21A.AirandVacuumFatigue .................... 171 Applications ..................................... 218 ................................... ................................... HM21ASheet 172 Fatiguebperties 219 ........................... ................................... HM31A(UNS M13312) 172 FractureProperties 221 MhceilaneousM g Alloys ............................. 173 ImpactToughncss. ................................ 221 .................................. Magnesium-SilverA lloys: Fatigue Strength at FractureToughness 221 Room Temperature .............................. 173 Seamless Tubing .................................... 222 .............................. QH21 (UNS 18210) 173 ................................. Typical Roperties 222 QE22A. High-Temperature S-N. D..a.ta. .............................. ....I 74 TidAl.2.6Sn .................................... 223 QE22AFatigue Crack Growth 174 ............................. ChemistryandDmsity 223 Magnesium-Rm Earth Casting Alloy EZ33A (UNS M 1233m ................................... ................... ProductForms 223 EZ33A. High-Temperature Fatigue 175 .................... ....................... Product ConditionlMicrostmcturere 224 EZ33AFatigueCrackGrowth 176 ..................................... Applications 224 Magnesium-Lithium Wrought Alloy LA 141A(UNSM 14141E6 ........................................ ................................... FatigueLife 225 LA141ASheet 176 ...................... ............................. Low-Temperature Fatigue Data 227 MIA(UNS M15100) 177 ................................ ........................ FatigueCrackGrowth 227 MlAFatigueCrackGrowth 177 ................................. ............................... Fractunhperties., 228 GA3Zl StrainLife. 178 ........ ................ Low Temperatur e. Toughness (Standard and ELI) 229 Russian Alloys: Fatiguecrack Growth 178 ............................... ELI Fracture Toughness 231 ....................... .................. 'L'~=~A~=~S~=~Z~-~MO.O.OSS~ 232 llov F wDam 181 ............................ Chemistry and Density. 232 ............ ................................... Titanium Alloys Fatigue and Fracture 183 Product Forms 232 ......................... .................... Metallurgy of PEtanium Alloys 183 Product ConditionlMicrosmcture 232 ........................... .................................... Metallurgy of Ti-6Al-4V 183 Applications. 232 .................. ................................. Other Alpha-beta and Alpha Alloys. 187 Phases and Suuctures 233 .......................... ................................... Metallurgy of Beta Alloys 188 Fatigue Roperties 233 ........ ............................ Mechanical Properties: Alpha and Alpha-Beta Alloys 189 Duplex Annealed Sheet 233 ............................... ............................. FractureToughness 189 Duplex Annealed Bar. 234 ......................... ......................... Fatigue Crack Propagation. 192 Duplex Annealed Forgings. 235 ................... ................................... Sustained-Load Crack Propagation 197 Fracturehperties 236 ...................... ................................ Mechanical Properties: Beta Alloys 198 Impact Toughness. 236 vi ............................... ....................................... Fracture Toughness 237 Chemistry 264 .................................. ................................... TI-8AI-lMO-lV 238 ProductForms 264 ............................. .................... Chemistry and Density 238 Product Condition/ Microstructure 265 ProductFom ................................... 238 Applications ..................................... 265 .................... ................................. Product Condition/Microstructure 238 Phases and Structures 268 ..................................... .......................... Applications 238 TransformationS tructures 270 ................................... ................................ Fatigue Properties 239 Ti3Al Precipitation 270 ............................ ............................. Unnotched Fatigue Life 239 General Fatigue Behavior 271 .............................. .................................. Notched Fatigue Life 240 Low-Cycle Fatigue 272 ........................... ....................................... Implant Material Fatigue 242 StrainLife 273 ................................ ............................. FatigueCrack Growth 242 Stress-ControlledL CF 273 Forged Fan Blades ................................ 242 CastandPiM .................................... 273 ............................. .................... Environmental Effects 243 Fatigue Limits and Endurance Ratios 275 Effect of Frequency ............................... 244 Endurance Ratio .................................. 276 ................................... ........................ Fracturehperties 244 Variation of Endurance Ratio 276 ................................. ................... Impact Toughness 244 Surface and Texture Effects on Fatigue 277 Fracture Properties. ............................... 245 Effect of Residual Stress. ........................... 277 TrMmAT? 1100 ................................ 246 Effect ofTexture .................................. 277 Physical Properties .................................. 247 Effect of Surface Treatment ......................... 278 Mechanical Propities ................................ 248 Fretting Fatigue .................................. 279 Fatigue Properties ................................ 249 Influence of Mean Stress .............................. 280 Fracturehperties ................................ 249 Effect of Processing. ................................. 281 Processing ......................................... 249 Effect of Thennomechanical Processing ............... 281 Forging ......................................... 249 Effect of Heat Treatment on Fatigue ..................... 282 IMI 854 Ti-6.8A14SnSbZr-0.7~,6M~.36.S.i. ..2 60 Annealing ........................................................................ 282 .................................. Effect of Cooling 283 Physical Properties 250 ................................... Mechanical Properties ................................ 25 1 STACondition ........................ 283 High-Temperature Strength. ........................... 251 Constant-Life Fatigue Diagr.a.m.s. ........................ 284 Fatigue Properties ................................... 252 Duplex Annealed Sheet 286 ............................... LowCycle Fatigue ................................ 252 Beta Annealed Plate 287 ....................................... High-Cycle Fatigue ............................... 253 At315"C ........................... 288 Crack Propagation ................................ 253 Unnotched Fatigue Strength 290 ........................................... Processing ......................................... 254 Plate 290 ........................................... Casting ......................................... 254 Sheet 292 ......................................... Forging ......................................... 254 StrainLife 294 ............................. Forming ........................................ 254 Notched Fatigue Strength 295 ........................................... Heat Treatment ................................... 255 Plate 297 ................................ .......................... Bar and Extrusions 298 TibAI.2Sn.2Zr-4Mo-4Cr 255 ........................................... ................... Sheet 299 Product Conditionsl Microstructure 255 ................................. ............................. Cast and P/M Fatigue 301 Chemistry and Density 255 ............................................ ................................... PA4 303 Product Forms 255 ................................... ................... Corrosion Fatigue 304 Product Conditions/ Microstructure 255 ......................... .................................... Compared to Stainless Steel 306 Applications. 255 ........................... ................................... Fatigue Crack Growth in Air 307 FatFigautieg uPero Cprearctkie Gs rowth ............................. 225567 Effect of a-p Processing ........................ I.. .. 308 FractureProperties. .................................. 258 FCP Resistance of Transformed p .................... 309 ........................................... ........................... Forging 259 Crack Growth and Corrosion 310 .............................. .......................... Ti.6Al-2Sa.4Zr6Mo 260 Aqueous Halide Solutions 311 Chemistry and Density ............................. 260 Effect of Test Frequency ............................ 312 ProductForms ................................... 260 Impact Toughness ................................... 313 Product Condition/ Microstructure ................... 260 Fracture Toughness .................................. 316 .................................... .............................. Applications. 260 Effects of Processing 317 Phases and Structures ................................ 261 Weldments ...................................... 320 TransformationProducts ........................... 261 Effect ofTemperature. ............................. 322 Fatigue Properties ................................... 261 Hydrogen Embrittlement ........................... 323 ............................... ................................... HighCycle Fatigue 261 Ti-BAl-BV-2Sn 327 ................................ ............................ LowCycle Fatigue 262 Chemistry and Density. 327 ............................. ................................... Fatigue Crack Growth 262 Product Forms 327 ................................... ................... FractUreProperties 263 Product ConditionslMicrostructure 327 ............................... ..................................... Fracture Toughness 263 Applications 327 ....................................... ................................. TisA14v 264 Phases and Structures 328 ...................................... .................................. Introduction., 264 Crystal Structure 329 vii .................... 'IfansformationProducts.,. ........................ 329 Product ConditionlMimstructure 356 Low-CycleFatigue .................................. 330 Applications ..................................... 356 High-Cycle Fatigue .................................. 330 Fatigue(Smth) .................................... 357 ConstmtLifcheDiagtams ........................... 332 Low-CycleFatigue ................................ 358 Fatigue Crack magation ............................ 334 HighCycle Notched Fatigue. .......................... 362 Fra~tureRoperties..,. ............................... 336 Room Temperature. ............................... 362 Impart Toughness ................................. 336 Elevated Temperature. ............................. 362 FcactureToughness ............................... 336 HighCycleFatigue: PIM and Cast ...................... 363 ................................ Fatigue Criick Growth 364 .................................. Ti-6442.22S ................... FractureToughness 366 TiSA19Sn=2Zr-ZM~2C~O.~Si 338 ................ .................................. Effect of Microstructure and Processing 367 PhysicalPmperties 339 ............................... Effect of Processing 369 .............................. WasesandSauctures 339 .............................. ................................. Ti-lSVSCr-3Ai-SISn 370 ElasticRoperties 339 Cornsion ....................................... 340 Chemistry and Density ............................. 370 TensileProperties ................................... 340 Product Forms ................................... 370 ................... PlateandForgings ................................ 340 Product CondifiondMicrostmctuure 370 Sheet ............................................ 341 Applications. .................................... 370 High-Temperature Strength ............................ 342 Fatiguebperties ................................... 371 ............................ ............................. High-Twnperature Saength 343 Fatigue Crack Gmwth 371 CreepStrengWCreepRupture ....................... 343 FractureProperties., ................................. 372 High- and LowCycle Fatigue .......................... 345 TIMETALQ 218 .................................. 373 ................................. ................................... DAForged Billet 345 Physical Properties 374 ....................................... STAPlatc 346 ................................. ........................... Corrosionhperties 375 Beta-Rocessed Material 346 ThennalRoperties ................................... 376 Fatiguecrack Propagation ............................ 347 Heat Capacity. ................................... 376 Billet ........................................... 347 ThennalExpansion. ............................... 376 STAPiate ....................................... 347 ThmlConductivity., ............................ 376 .......................... Beta-RocessedCondition 348 .................................... ...................................... Tensile Properties 377 3.5%baCl 349 ............................ .................................. High-TemperatureStrength 379 Fracture Roperties 350 .................................... CrackResistance 380 Plastickfomtion ................................................................... 351 Processing ......................................... 381 Seain Hardening 35 1 Forging., ....................................... 381 ...................................... Flow Stress 351 ................... T~SA~-~V-BCI~MO~Z~{B~~~C)35 1 Ti=6Al-2Sn.-.4..Z.r.4.M..o.m.2..C.l.c.l..F.e. ................. Chemistry and Density ............................. 352 Beta.CEZ@ 382 .................... ................................... Product ConditiodMicrostructure 352 Physical Properties 382 ................................... ................................ Applications., 352 Mechanical hperties 383 ................................ ................................. Phases and Structures 352 Tensile Properties 383 FatigueProperties ................................... 353 Fatigue ......................................... 384 ............................. ....................... Fatigue Crack Growth 354 Crack Propagation Resistance 384 ................................... ................................ FracNreRoperties 355 FractunToughness 384 .................................. ...................................... Ti-1OV-2FEt.W 356 Fabrication.,. 384 ........................... ........................................ ChemislryandDensity., 356 Forming 384 ................................... ................................... MuctF onns 356 Heat Treatment 385 viii Aluminum Alloy Fatigue Data Aluminum Alloy S-N Fatigue Highcycle fatigue characteristics commonly are examined on the Typically, the fatigue strength of thernorecorrosion-resistant SXXX basis of cyclic S-N plots of rotating-beam, axial, or flexun-type sheet and 6XXX aluminum alloys and tempers arc less affected by corrosive tests. Many thousands of tests have been performed, and early work on environmentst han are higher-strength2 xxx and ';Ixxx alloys, as indi- rotating-beam tests is summarized in Fig. 1. There seems to be patex cated by Fig. 7. Corrosion fatigue performaoce of 7XXX alloys may, in spread in fatigue strengths for unnotched specimens tban for notched general, be upgraded by overaging to more cornion-resistant T7 tem- specimens." his appears to be evidence that the presence of a notch mini- pers (Ref4-9), as indicated by results shown in Fig, 8 and 9. With 2XXX mizes diffwences. thus suggesting similar crack propagation after crack alloys, more corrosion-resistant ~ p i t a t i o n - Tb8-~typ e tem- initiation with a sharp notch. In this context, the spread in smooth fatigue pers provide a better combination of strength and fatigue resistance at life is partly associated with variations in crack initiation sources (at sur- high endurances than naturally aged 'I3 and T4 tempers. However, d- face imperfections or srrain localizations). In general, however, the S-N ficial aging of 2XXX alloys is accompanied by loss in toughness withre- approach does not provide clear distinctions in characten' zi ng the crack sultant decrease in fatigue crack growth resistance at intermediate and initiation and crack propagation stages of fatigue. high stress intensities (Ref 7,s). When comparing rotating-beam fatigue strength of unnotched alu- Interaction of a clad protective system with fatigue strength of alloys minum alloy specimens, the S-Nresponsec urves tend to level out as the 2024-T3 and 7075-T6i n air and seawater environments is shown in Fig. number of applied cycles approaches 500 million. This allows some rat- ing of fatigue endurance, and estimated fatigue limits from rotating- beam tests have been tabulated for many commercial aluminum alloys (Table 1). Fatigue limits should not be expected in aggressive environ- ments. as S-Nr esponse cwesd on't tend to level out when comsion fa- tigue occurs. Rotatingkam strengths determined in the transverse di- rection arc not significantly different from test results in the longitudinal direction. The scatter band limits in Fig. 2 show relatively small effects attributable to working direction, particularly for the notched fatigue data Rotating-beam data have also been analyzed to determine whether fatigue strength can be correlated with static strength. From aplot of av- erage endurance limits (at 5 x 10s cycles) plotted against various tensile properties (Fig. 3), there does not appear to be any well-defined quanti- tative relation between fatigue limit and static strength. This well-known result is common among most nonferrous alloys. It should be noted that proportionate increases in fatigue strength from tensile strengths do ap- pear loww for agehardened aluminum alloys than for annealed alloys (Elg.4). Asimilartrendappearsevident forfatiguestrengthat5x IO'cy- cles (Fig. 5). 162 103 104 105 I@ 107 i@ iOe cycles Fig. 1 Comparisono f fatigue strength bands for2014-T6,2024-T4an,d 707ST6 aluminum alloys for rotating-beam tests. Source: R. Templin, P. Howell, and E. Hamnarm. "Effect of Grain-Direction on Fatigue Roperties of Aluminum Al- Cmct ot Environment loys," AIcoa. 1950 - AnoLhu key source of variability in S-Nd ata is environment (Ref 1 3). Even atmospheric moisture is recognized to have a corrosive effect on fatigue performance of aluminum alloys. Much high-cycle S-N test- ing has been carried out in uncontrolled ambient lab air environments, thereby contributing to varied amounts of scatter in existing data. This factor should be recognized when comparing results of different investi- gations. Most aluminum alloys experience some reduction of fatigue strength in corrosive environments such as seawater, especially in low- stress, long-life tests (e.g., Fig. 6). Unlike sustained-load SCC. fatigue &gradation by environment may be true even when the direction of principal loading with respect to grain flow is other than short-trans- verse. Fatigue response to environment varies with alloy, and therefore final alloy selection for design should address this important interaction. When accumulating data for this purpose, it is recommended that any testing be conducted in a controlled environment, and preferably the en- vironment of the intended application. Often an environment known to I be more severe than that encountered in servicei s used to conservatively I I I I I I establish baseline data and design guidelines. Because environmental 102 103 104 106 10s 107 id 10s interaction with fatigue is a rateconmlled process, interaction of time- Cycles dependent fatigue parameters such as frequency, waveform, and load Fig. 2 Comparison of fatigue strength bands for 2014T6 aluminurn alloy prod- history should be factored into the fatigue analysis (Ref 1-3). ucts, showing effects of direction. Source:AS7MPmeedings,V ol64, p581-593 4 I Aluminum Alloy Fatlgue Data Table 1 vpkal tenrllr proprrtks and Wgue limlt of aluminum alloys ElonElHonlnSOrnmdk), Ik 1.6 mm 13 mm Fatirue Ultlmatek~iks trength Telellc YlCM strength (%6 10.) thkk (hI n) dlnm cnduram limit(& Alloy Md temper MR w m w ipedmen aueclmen m ki ~1 060Q m 10 30 4 43 m 3 ..I.,. 1060.H12 85 12 75 11 16 30 4 1060H14 95 14 90 13 12 .,. 35 5 1WH16 110 16 105 15 8 45 65 I,, 1060H18 130 19 125 18 6 45 6J I.. 11oo-o 90 13 35 5 35 45 35 5 1 IWH12 110 16 105 15 12 25 40 6 1 IWH14 125 18 I15 17 9 m 50 7 11WH16 145 21 140 20 6 17 60 9 11WH18 165 24 150 22 5 15 60 9 ... 13SM 85 12 30 4 (d) ..I.. . I,. 1350H12 95 14 85 12 ..I.,. I,. I.,.*. 1350.H14 110 16 95 14 a.. ... .I.... ... 1350.H16 125 18 110 16 .I... . lfBH19 185 27 I65 24 (C) 50 7 2011-T3 380 55 295 43 15 125 18 ,I. 2011-Ta # 99 310 45 12 I25 18 I.. 20144 185 27 95 14 18 90 13 2014-T4,T451 425 62 290 42 .I,... m 140 m 2014-T6,T651 485 m 415 60 13 125 ia I,. ... Alclad 2014-0 175 25 70 10 21 ... 9.,.. . I,. Alclad 2014-T3 435 63 275 40 20 ... ... .I. AlcM 2434-T4, T45 I 420 61 255 37 22 Alchd 2014T6, T65 1 470 68 415 60 10 ... ... 9.1 I,. 2017-0 im 26 70 10 22 90 13 111 2017-T4, T45 I 425 62 n5 40 ,,. 22 125 18 201 8-T61 420 61 315 46 ... 12 115 17 2024-0 185 27 75 I1 20 22 90 13 2024-T3 485 70 345 50 18 ... 140 20 2024T4, T351 470 68 329 47 20 19 t40 20 ... *T361(b) 49s 72 3% 57 13 12S 18 ALclad2024-0 180 26 75 11 m ... 1...1. I.. Alclad 2024-T3 450 65 3 10 45 18 A W20 24-T4, T35 I 440 64 290 42 19 1.,.1. ... .I. Alclad2024-T361(b) 460 67 365 53 11 ... (.I... Alflad 2U24-T81, T851 4 s 65 415 60 6 ... ....I , ... ... Alclad 2024-T86 1 (b) 485 70 455 66 6 .,. I(. m-T6 400 58 255 37 ,.. 19 I25 18 2036-T4 340 49 195 28 24 2117-T4 295 43 165 24 ....., 2I,7* W95C ) 14 2123 .I* .a. .,. .,. ,.. 90 1.U ..d ) 222 22111W4& TT8152 1 438,3.50. .74.80. 424.5.0s. 63..74. .,.,<... . I1.,8 1 I09.3... . Wd) 2219-0 175 25 75 11 18 ... ... I.. 2219-T42 360 52 185 n m ... I.,... 221%T31,T351 3w 52 250 36 17 .I, ... 111 111 ... 221PT37 3% 5l 315 46 11 .,. .I, 2219-T62 415 60 290 42 10 105 IS 111 2219-T81,T S1 455 66 350 51 10 105 IS ..I... 22 1S T87 475 69 395 57 10 105 IS 26 I&T6 1 440 64 370 n 10 125 18 .I. 30034 110 16 40 6 30 40 50 7 )03-H12 130 19 125 18 10 m 55 8 UX13-Hl4 150 22 145 21 8 16 60 9 mH16 180 26 170 25 5 14 m 10 3WH18 2m 29 185 27 4 10 70 10 Alclad m-0 110 16 40 6 30 40 ... ..I... AIclad M03-Hl2 130 19 125 18 10 20 ..I %lad m H 1 4 150 22 145 21 8 16 .,. Alfled 3003-HI6 180 26 170 25 5 14 ..I... I..,..,.. Alclad M03-Hl8 2m 29 185 27 4 10 3004-0 im 26 70 10 20 25 95 14 (continued) Aluminum Alloy S-N Fatigue / 5 Table 1 Typical tensile properlles and tatlgue llmlt of alumlnum alloys (continue@ xx)4-H32 215 31 170 25 10 17 105 15 xx)4-H34 240 35 200 29 9 12 105 15 3004-H36 260 38 230 33 5 9 110 16 3004-H38 285 41 2.50 36 5 6 110 16 ... ... Alclad3004.0 180 26 70 10 20 25 ... ... Alclad WH32 215 31 170 25 10 17 ... ... Alclad3004-34 240 35 2a3 29 9 12 ... ... Alclad3004-H36 260 38 230 33 5 9 ... ... Alclad 3CWH38 285 41 250 36 5 6 ... ... ... 3105-0 115 17 55 8 24 ... ... ... 3 105-H12 150 22 130 19 7 ... ... 3105-H14 170 25 150 22 5 ... ..I... 3105-H16 195 28 170 25 4 ... ... ..I., . 3 105-H18 215 31 195 28 3 ... ... ... 3105-H25 180 26 160 23 8 4032-T6 380 55 315 46 9 110 16 ... ... ... ... ..I... ... 4043-0 ... ... ... ... 40 6(d) 4043-H38 .,. .,. ... 5..5. ..W. J) 5005-0 125 18 40 6 25 ... ... ... UX)5-H 12 140 20 130 19 10 ... ... 5005-Hl4 160 23 150 22 6 ... ... ....I. 5005-Hl6 180 26 im 25 5 ... ... ... 5005-Hl8 200 29 195 28 4 ... ... ... 5005-H32 140 20 115 17 11 ... ... ... 5005434 160 23 140 20 8 ... ... ... 5005-H36 180 26 165 24 6 ... ... ... 5005-H38 200 29 185 27 5 ... UX)M 145 21 55 8 24 ... 85 12 503MI32 170 25 145 21 9 90 13 ... Ms0-m 195 28 165 24 8 90 13 5050-H36 205 30 180 26 7 95 14 ...a. . 5050-H38 220 32 200 29 6 95 14 5052-0 195 28 90 13 2s 30 110 16 5052-H32 230 33 195 28 12 18 115 17 5052434 260 38 215 31 10 14 125 18 5052-H36 275 40 240 35 8 10 130 19 5052-H38 290 42 255 37 7 8 140 20 5056-0 290 42 150 22 ...,.. 35 140 20 M56-Hl8 435 63 405 59 10 150 12 ... MsbH38 415 60 345 50 15 150 22 ... 5083-0 290 42 145 21 22 160 23 ... 5083-Hll 303 44 193 28 ... 16 im We) 5083-HI12 295 43 160 23 20 150 We) ... 5083-8113 317 46 227 33 16 160 We) ... 508fH32 317 46 227 33 ... 16 1.5.0. W... e) x)83-H34 358 52 283 41 8 ... 5083-H321, H116 315 46 230 33 .1.6. 160 23 Soa6-0 260 38 115 17 22 ... 145 2W) 5086432, H116 290 42 205 30 12 ... 5..0. W... e) 5086x34 325 47 255 37 10 ... ... ... 5086-Hl12 no 39 130 19 14 ... 5086-H111 270 39 im 25 17 ... 145 2 1( e) 5086H343 325 47 255 37 10-14 ... 160 We) 5154-0 240 35 115 17 27 115 17 ... 5154-H32 270 39 20.5 x) 15 125 18 5154-H34 290 42 230 33 13 .,. 130 19 m 5154-H36 310 45 36 12 ...,.. 140 ?o 5154H38 330 48 270 39 10 145 21 ... 5154H112 240 35 115 17 25 115 17 ... ... ... 5252-H25 235 34 170 25 11 ... ... ... 5252-H38, H28 285 41 240 35 5 5254-0 240 35 115 17 27 .,. 115 17 5254-H32 270 39 205 30 15 125 18 I..... 5254H34 290 42 w) 33 13 ... 130 19 5254H36 310 45 250 36 12 140 20 a)BPeedonM)0,000,000cyclesof~mpletelyrevensedetreseueingtheILR.Mooretypeofmachirseandspecimen.(b)TempersT361andT861were~erly~tedT58 and T86, reepeetively. (c) Baeed an 10 cycles u6ing flanval type testing of sheet specimens. (d) Unpubliehea h adat a. (e) Data from CDNSWRCTRBlsQOg, lss4,c ited below. (0T 7461, although not previously registered, has appeared in literature and =me specifications a~ "78661.( s) Sheet flexural.S ourcee:Aluminurn Stcvrdorde ond Lhta,AluminumA8sociation,andE.C z~caandUVassilaroe,ACompilatwnofFat~InformatwnfDrAluminumAlloys,NavalShipResearehandDevelopmentCBn- ter, CDNSWC-TR819409,lSgQ (continued)
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