Fast Food NATION the dark side of the all-american meal ERIC S CHLOSSER Mariner Books Houghton Mifflin Harcourt BOSTON • NEW YORK praise for Fast Food Nation “Anelegaicexposéofhowburger[s],fries,andsodascametosymbol- izeAmerica.” —NewYorkTimes “His eye is sharp, his profiles perceptive, his prose thoughtful but spare.ThisisJohnMcPheebehindthecounter.” —WashingtonPost “Allchildrenwhocanreadshouldbeissuedacopyof EricSchlosser’s Fast Food Nation.Also all adults,so that makes just about everybody. Hereisanin-depth,hard-hittingworkofinvestigativejournalismthat carries the seeds of social change.If the idea of a three-story,illumi- natedRonaldMcDonaldstrikesyouasablightonthelandscape,this bookisforyou.” —Globe&Mail(Toronto) “GodstrikemedeadbeforeIconsumeanotherfastfoodproduct.... FastFoodNationisthekindofbookthatyouhopeyoungpeopleread because it demonstrates far better than any social studies class the need of government regulation, the unchecked power of multina- tional corporations, and the importance of our everyday decisions.” —USAToday “[Fast Food Nation is] an engrossing look into this segment of the victuals business. . . .Overall,this disturbing page-turner will almost certainlycurbyourappetite.” —BusinessWeek “What the author does in these pages is look at the biggest picture imaginable. He tabulates the actual cost to life and culture (food- bornedisease,near-globalobesity,animalabuse,politicalcorruption, worksitedanger)ofanall-Americanindustryfoundedonthepremise and promise of cheap. If we should decide as a nation to use Schlosser’s math, even the richest people on Earth can’t afford that $1.99combomeal.” —HoustonChronicle “Fast Food Nation. . . . Enough to make a vegetarian out of Arnold Schwarzenegger.” —SeattleWeekly “Compelling reading. . . . Schlosser’s research should give all Ameri- canssomethingtoughtochewon.” —ChristianScienceMonitor “Areasonedattackonthefastfoodculture....Inthebestmuckraking tradition.” —Newsweek “Will not only make you think twice before eating your next ham- burger,but it will also make you think about the fallout that the fast foodindustryhashadontheAmericansocialandculturallandscape: how it has affected practices from ranching and farming to diets and health, from marketing and labor practices to larger economic trends....Afierceindictmentoftheindustry.” —InternationalHeraldTribune “FastFoodNationisinvestigativejournalismofaveryhighorder.And the fit between the author’s reporting and his narrative style is just aboutperfect.” —Newsday “Schlosser pulls together a thesis guaranteed to make you lose your appetite....Shameonyou,Ronald.” —TorontoStar “Farfromastridentveganscreed,FastFoodNationisathoughtfuland balancedpieceofjournalism.” —LAWeekly “A book like Fast Food Nation is long overdue. Eric Schlosser writes clearlyandpassionatelyaboutappallingworkingconditions,thewaste of enormous stretches of range and cropland, the effects of food- borneillnessesonchildren,andharsheconomicrealitiesinthisageof themega-corporation....Perhapsonedaywe’llbeabletolookback onthisperiodofhistoryandmarvelathowsomanyofuswereledby the nose to feed at the same unhealthy trough.Fast Food Nation may verywellbringthatdaycloser.” —TheGazette(Charleston,S.C.) “[Schlosser’s] style combines folksy storytelling with solid report- ing....Asinanygoodreporting,thedetailsmakethepicture,andhe’s notafraidtogiveeverygrislyone.” —BostonGlobe “A movement to put other priorities before those of the market is— slowly and fitfully—growing. Fast Food Nation, with its package of solid research and engaging narrative, is an invaluable tool for this movement.” —SanDiegoUnionTribune “TheportraitinFastFoodNationisclearlyofamarketoutofbalance. Muchlikeintheearlyyearsofthepastcentury,whenUptonSinclair’s The Jungle led to Theodore Roosevelt’s regulatory reforms, Fast Food Nation should be another wake-up call, a super-size serving of com- monsense.” —AtlantaJournal-Constitution “ThisisabookaboutAmerica’sstomach.Itisachronicleofarevolu- tion in the economy and gastronomy of the United States that while universallyvisiblehasbeenscantilyexamined.Ifyouarewhatyoueat, formuchofAmericathisbookisyouranatomicalportrait.” —BaltimoreSun “Schlosserisatalentedstoryteller,andhisreportorialskillsareconsid- erable....FastFoodNationwillputmostreadersoffburgersandfries foragoodlongtime,ifnotforever.” —HartfordCourant “A fascinating exposé of what we are really picking up at the drive- throughwindow.” —FrancineProse,USWeekly “[Schlosser] writes in measured, occasionally ironic cadences, even whenhestepsinsideamodernAmericanpackinghouse.Thepictureis moredevastatingforhistone.” —Oregonian “[A] thorough, gimlet-eyed, superbly told story. . . . Inessence, Mr.Schlosserisasking:forthiswehavestruggledtobesowealthy,so free,sogloballypreeminent?Toliveinaworldutterlywithoutgusto?” —NewYorkObserver “Excellently researched . . . peppered with acerbic commentary and tellinginterviews....Highlyrecommended.” —LibraryJournal “An exemplary blend of polemic and journalism. . . . Atale full of sound,fury,andpoppinggrease.” —KirkusReviews(starredreview) Fast Food Nation FirstMarinerBooksedition2012 Copyright©2001byEricSchlosser AfterwordCopyright©2012byEricSchlosser Allrightsreserved Forinformationaboutpermissiontoreproduceselectionsfrom thisbook,writetoPermissions,HoughtonMifflinCompany, 215ParkAvenueSouth,NewYork,NewYork10003. www.hmhbooks.com. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Schlosser,Eric. Fastfoodnation:thedarksideofthe all-Americanmeal/EricSchlosser. p. cm. Includesbibliographicalreferences andindex. isbn978-0-395-97789-7 isbn978-0-547-75033-0(pbk.) tx715.s2968 2001 394.1'0973—dc21 00–053886 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica BookdesignbyRobertOverholtzer doc 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 PortionsofthisbookfirstappearedinRollingStone. for Red