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FASCISMIN BRITAIN PHILIP REES Dip.Lib., Head ofAcquisitions University of YarkLibrary FASCISM IN BRITAIN FASCISMIN BRITAIN PHILIP REES Dip.Lib., Head ofAcquisitions Uniwrsityof Yark Library THE HARVESTER PRESS . SUSSEX HUMANITIES PRESS . NEW JERSEY First published in Britain in 1979 by THE HARVESTER PRESS LIMITED Publisher: John Spiers 2 Stanford Terrace, Hassocks, Sussex and in the USAby HUMANITIES PRESS INC., Atlantic Highlands, NewJersey 07716 © Philip Rees, 1979 BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData Rees, Philip Fascism in Britain. 1.Fascism - Great Britain - Bibliography I. Title 016.3205'33'0941 Z2021.F2 ISBN0-85527-911-7 HumanitiesPress Inc. ISBN0·391.Q0908·7 Printed in Great Britain by Redwood Burn Limited Trowbridge and Esher All rightsreserved ToMargaret. Anne andHelen CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 What isFascism? 7 A. BIBUOGRAPHIES 27 B. BRITISH FASCISM: General 27 C. BRITISH FASCISM; 1923-31 34 D. BRITISH FASCISM: 1932-39: General 35 E. BRITISH FASCISM: 1932-39: Particularmeetings, Fascism and the law, publicorder 51 F. BRITISH FASCISM: 1932-39: Specialaspects: 58 (I) Anti-Semitism 58 (11) Lancashire and Cotton 62 (Ill) Anti-Fascist activities 63 (IV) Otheraspects 64 (V) Writings on particular fascists 67 G. BRITISH FASCISM: 1932-39: Writingsby the fascists 68 (I) AnonymousBUFpamphlets 68 (11) AnonymousI.F.L. pamphlets 70 (Ill) Writings by particular fascists 72 H. BRITISH FASCISM: SecondWorld War 85 I. WRITINGS OFWlLLIAM JOYCE ANDTHENATIONAL SOCIAUSTLEAGUE 88 J. WRITINGS ONWILUAM JOYCE 90 Ko BRITISH FASCISM AND THERADICAL RIGHT: 1945-67 91 (I) TheFascist Revival: 1946-49 92 (II) 1950-67 98 (Ill) Anti-semitism 104 (IV) Anti-fascistactivities 106 L mE BRITISH RADICAL RIGHT: 1967- 106 M. mE BRITISH RADICAL RIGHT: 1967- : Specialaspects: 118 (I) Worksonparticularindividuals 118 (11) Particularlocalitiesandmeetings 119 (Ill) opposition to the radicalrilht 121 (IV) OtherupectI 121 N. WRITINGSOFTHE RADICALRIGHT: 1945- 122 O. WRITINGSOF SIROSWALDMOSLBY 131 P. WRITINGSONSIROSWALDMOSLBY 162 (I) General 162 (11) Upto 1932 170 (Ill) 1933-42 187 vii (IV) 1943-77 192 Q. INTELLECTUALS ANDFASCISM 197 R. FASCIST AND RADICAL RIGHT PERIODICALS S. PERIODICALS OF THEOPPOSITION 210 APPENDIX 215 Index 219 INTRODUCTION Definition This bibliography isintended to cover the history ofBritish fascism from its beginnings in 1923 when Rotha Lintorn-Orman founded the British Fascisti to the present time (mid-1977). Sir Oswald Mosley is undoubtedly the most important British fascist leader and I have, therefore, thought it necessary to devote two sections to him - one of hisown writingsand the other ofwritings about him. These sections cover the whole ofMosley's career, not merely hisyears as a fascist, on the groundsthat it isdifficult to isolate this period ofhis life from what came before. Such a broad thread ofconsistency can be traced through. the evolution ofhis ideasfrom 1918 to the present that his career must be judged as a whole;his career after 1931 was not (as some have argued) a mere aberration, the result ofcharacter defects. In the next section What isfascism? Ihave attempted to define fascism in the sense in which it is usedin thisbibliography. In brief, I have taken the term fascism to include not only those groupswhich have described themselvesas fascist but also 'National Socialist' move ments taking their inspiration from Nazi Germany ego the National Workers' Party ofGreat Britain, or the National Socialist Movement. Ironically, some ofthe early movements which accepted the fascist label borrowed the style and the trappings offascism without disguising their true function as bizarre militants on the right ofthe Conservative Party. Since the war the term fascist is rarely used. Therefore, I have selectedfrom the radical right those movementswhichhave continued manyofthe policies and conform closely to the patternofthe classic fascist movements. The National Front has been included although I wouldargue that itis fascistic rather than fascist; itsleadership owes muchto the ideology ofthe German National Socialists, itseconomic policyto the example ofthe BUF,but the rankand me where they do DOt sharethe viewsofmanyon the right ofthe Conservativeshave moreiD commonwithcertain regressivesocial movementslike Poujadism. '!beapplicationoftheseprincipleshasledto the appearanceofsuch maqlna1 casesu the BritishPeople'sParty (because it served asalink betweentwo generations offascists - manyrefugeesfrom the BUF likeFuller,Chesterton,Beckettontheonehand,and laterprominent aeo-NaziIsud.tasColinJordan)and the League ofEmpire Loyalists wIddl wasin somewaysacontinuationofthe BritishPeople'sParty butcould also appeal to many on the non-fascist right. In addition 1