Farm and factory: the Jesuits and the development of agrarian capitalism in colonial Quito, 1600-1767 PDF
Preview Farm and factory: the Jesuits and the development of agrarian capitalism in colonial Quito, 1600-1767
Farm and Factory : The Jesuits and the title: Development of Agrarian Capitalism in Colonial Quito, 1600-1767 author: Cushner, Nicholas P. publisher: State University of New York Press isbn10 | asin: 0873955706 print isbn13: 9780873955706 ebook isbn13: 9780585065250 language: English Agriculture--Economic aspects--Ecuador-- Quito Region--History, Quito Region subject (Ecuador)--Rural conditions, Jesuits-- Ecuador--Quito Region--History. publication date: 1982 lcc: HD1890.Q5C87 1982eb ddc: 338.1/09866/13 Agriculture--Economic aspects--Ecuador-- Quito Region--History, Quito Region subject: (Ecuador)--Rural conditions, Jesuits-- Ecuador--Quito Region--History. Page i Farm and Factory Page ii Major geographic features of colonial Quitob Page iii Farm and Factory The Jesuits and the Development of Agrarian Capitalism in Colonial Quito, 16001767 Nicholas P. Cushner State University of New York Press ALBANY Page iv Published by State University of New York Press, Albany © 1982 State University of New York All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. For information, address State University of New York Press, State University Plaza, Albany, N.Y., 12246 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Cushner, Nicholas P. Farm and factory. Includes index. 1. AgricultureEconomic aspectsEcuador- Quito regionHistory. 2. Quito region (Ecuador) Rural conditions. 3. JesuitsEcuadorQuito regionHistory. I. Title. HD1890.Q5C87 338.1'09866'13 81-13537 ISBN 0-87395-570-6 AACR2 ISBN 0-87395-571-4 (pbk.) Page v Contents Preface 1. Introduction 2. Aftermath of Conquest 19 The Apparatus of Control 21 Los Chillos 24 Land Grants in Chillos 26 Tributes, Encomenderos, and Demographics 28 The New Society 34 3. The Acquisition of Land: Chillos 41 The Beltrán Sale 43 The Estancia of Sangolquí 45 Layme 48 Wills and Inheritance 49 Litigation 53 Jesuit Lands in Chillos 56 Land Ownership and Patterns in Chillos around the Year 1700 60 4. Farms and Ranches 67 Land and Space 68 Structure of Farmsteads 69 Crop Enterprises 72 Livestock Enterprises 76 Other Enterprises 78 Enterprises outside of Chillos 80 Management 82 5. The Obraje Complex 89 Establishment 89 The Mill Complex 94 Inside the Mill 95 Labor 99 Salaries and Debts 103 Investment 105 Production, Costs, and Rate of Return 107 Distribution of Textiles 114 6. Rural Labor 117 Mita and Mitayos 117 The Gañán and Debt Peonage 123 Labor Costs 132 Slaves 135 Rural Society 138 Page vi 7. Finance and Capital Formation 145 Accounting Methods 145 Income: Mills, Ranches, and Colleges 153 Profits 161 Patterns of Reinvestment 165 The Business of Agriculture 169 8. Conclusion: Agrarian Capitalism and Quito 171 Appendixes 1. Sale of Two Estates in Pintag (1553) 2. Don Diego de Zúñiga Describes Land and Social Problems in Quito (1574) 3. Curacas and Principales of Pintag Request That Land Boundaries Be Certified (c 1580) 4. Permission Requested to Found Private Textile Mills (1604) 5. Last Will and Testament of Don Domingo Tituguana (1623) 6. Principales of Sangolquí Complain of Unjust Treatment from Jesuit Estate Officials (1623) 7. Sale of Three Cuadras of Land to Ana Serrano (1634) 8. Fray Antonio Rodríguez on the Closing of Textile Mills and Abuses Suffered by Indians (1681) 9. Jesuit Farms and Ranches in Quito (1767) Glossary of Spanish Terms 193
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