Fantomina and Other Works PDF
Preview Fantomina and Other Works
Fantomna main 1/15/04 8:28 AM Page 1 This electronic material is under copyright protection and is provided to a single recipient for review purposes only. FANTOMINA AND OTHER WORKS Fantomna main 1/15/04 8:28 AM Page 2 Review Copy Fantomna main 1/15/04 8:28 AM Page 3 Review Copy FANTOMINA AND OTHER WORKS Eliza Haywood edited by Alexander Pettit, Margaret Case Croskery,and Anna C.Patchias broadview literary texts Fantomna main 1/15/04 8:28 AM Page 4 Review Copy © The authors All rights reserved.The use of any part of this publication reproduced,transmitted in any form or by any means,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,or otherwise,or stored in a retrieval system,without prior written consent of the publisher—or in the case of photocopying,a licence from (Canadian Copyright Licensing Agency),One Yonge Street,Suite ,Toronto, ON —is an infringement of the copyright law. National Library of Canada Cataloguing in Publication Data Haywood,Eliza,?– Fantomina and other works / Eliza Haywood ;edited by Alexander Pettit,Margaret Case Croskery,and Anna C.Patchias. (Broadview literary texts) Includes bibliographical references. --- I.Pettit,Alexander,– II.Croskery,Margaret Case,– III.Patchias,Anna C.,– IV.Title.V.Series. . '. -- Broadview Press Ltd.is an independent,international publishing house,incorporated in . Broadview believes in shared ownership,both with its employees and with the general public;since the year Broadview shares have traded publicly on the Toronto Venture Exchange under the symbol . We welcome comments and suggestions regarding any aspect of our publications–please feel free to contact us at the addresses below or at [email protected]. North America POBox ,Peterborough,Ontario,Canada Tel:() -;Fax:() - email:[email protected] California Road,Orchard Park,, UK,Ireland,and continental Europe NBN Plymbridge Estover Road Plymouth UK Tel: () Fax: () Fax Order Line: () Customer Service:[email protected] Orders:[email protected] Australia and New Zealand UNIREPS,University of New South Wales Sydney,, Tel: ;Fax: email:[email protected] www.broadviewpress.com This book is printed on % post-consumer recycled,ancient forest friendly paper. Series editor:Professor L.W.Conolly Advisory editor for this volume:Professor Eugene Benson PRINTED IN CANADA Fantomna main 1/15/04 8:28 AM Page 5 Review Copy Contents Acknowledgements • Introduction • Eliza Haywood:A Brief Chronology • A Note on the Texts • Fantomina:or,Love in a Maze • The Tea-Table:or,A Conversation between Some Polite Persons of Both Sexes • Reflections on the Various Effects of Love • Love-Letters on All Occasions • Appendix A:Haywood on Female Conduct • . A Present for a Servant-Maid () • . The Female Spectator (-) • Appendix B:Eighteenth-Century Pornography:Jean Barrin(?), Venus in the Cloister;or,The Nun in Her Smock () • Appendix C:A Source for Reflections on the Various Effects of Love: Nahum Tate,A Present for the Ladies:Being an Historical Account of Several Illustrious Persons of the Female Sex () • Bibliography • Fantomna main 1/15/04 8:28 AM Page 6 Review Copy Fantomna main 1/15/04 8:28 AM Page 7 Review Copy Acknowledgements I would like to offer hearty and profuse thanks to my co-editors, whose intelligence,good humor,and enthusiasm made this proj- ect a great pleasure. Patrick Spedding showed characteristic generosity by sharing with me,Anna,and Margaret parts of his forthcoming Bibliography of Eliza Haywood (London:Pickering & Chatto) and by answering many questions about Haywood’s life and work with celerity,tact,and precision.Christine Blouch kindly allowed us to use the chronology from her Broadview edition of The History of Miss Betsy Thoughtless () as a template for our own list of Haywood’s works and significant dates.Rebecca Sayers Hanson compiled the bibliography,with funding from the Department of English,University of North Texas,James T.F.Tanner,chair.Alan Fisher provided the Latin translations;Serge Soupel and Jacqueline Vanhoutte helped out with Matters French.Thanks to James Powell and Mark Pollard at Pickering & Chatto,London,for supporting the Selected Works of Eliza Haywood (-) and for authorizing the reprint- ing of three of the texts from that series. Julia Gaunce and Barbara Conolly at Broadview were consistently helpful.As always,love to Jacque,Sidney,and Emma. A.P. Anna C.Patchias dedicates this book to her parents,James and Christina Patchias,and her sister,Elizabeth Patchias,with gratitude for their boundless love and support;and to her husband,Patrick Keady,for his tireless efforts on behalf of this edition and his stan- dards of editorial excellence.Margaret Case Croskery dedicates this book with deep love and gratitude to her two families,the Cases and the Croskerys;and to her husband,Patrick Croskery, who has read Fantominabackward more often than forward. We would also like to thank Alex Pettit,whose mentorship sets the standard for all mentors.Our thanks too to Garrett Brown, whose advice has always been as generous as his love and support. We are also grateful to David Vander Meulen,who taught us the principles of scholarly editing at the University of Virginia;his Fantomna main 1/15/04 8:28 AM Page 8 Review Copy editorial acuity and generosity of spirit continue to inspire us.The British Library,the Bodleian Library at the University of Oxford, and the Sterling Library at Yale University provided us with vari- ous editions of Fantomina. Mary Wootton at the Library of Congress and Lynne Farrington and John Pollack at the University of Pennsylvania’s Annenberg Rare Book and Manuscript Library were helpful during our collation process.We owe a debt of grat- itude to Carter Hailey for allowing us the use of his collator,the ‘Comet’,and to David L.Gants for teaching us how to use it.We are grateful to Bryson Clevenger at the University of Virginia’s Alderman Library for his expertise and guidance.Margaret would also like to thank Charles Steele at Ohio Northern University’s Heterick Memorial Library for his cheerful assistance and Kevin L.Cope for authorizing the republication in this volume of several paragraphs of an essay written for –:Ideas,Aesthetics,and Inquiries in the Early Modern Era. Our debt to the guiding scholarship of Patrick Spedding and Christine Blouch is incalculable.We owe special thanks,also,to Rebecca Sayers Hanson for stellar work under grueling circum- stances.Finally,thanks to everyone at Broadview Press for their support. M.C.C. A.C.P. Fantomna main 1/15/04 8:28 AM Page 9 Review Copy Introduction When eighteenth-century readers thought about the novel,many of them probably thought first of one writer in particular—Eliza Haywood.As one historian of the novel points out,‘it was Eliza Haywood,more than any other native fiction writer,whose name was identified with the novel’. Haywood’s first novel,Love in Excess(),came out the same year that Daniel Defoe published Robinson Crusoe.Both novels were hugely successful.Indeed,three of the most popular British novels before were Love in Excess,Robinson Crusoe,and Gulliver’s Travels (). But few of Haywood’s works were republished between the eighteenth century and ,and many modern readers of Robinson Crusoe and Gulliver’s Travelshave never heard of Haywood. This raises certain questions.Why did Haywood drop out of literary history? Why are her works now undergoing substantial reassessment? And why are so many of them now being printed in widely available editions, often, like the current volume, intended in part for classroom use? The answers to these questions are varied and complex. Certainly the fact that Haywood was an exceptionally prolific, well-known,and best-selling woman writer—at a time when female authorship was widely considered to be the literary equivalent of prostitution—goes a long way toward explaining her temporary eclipse.As a professional woman writer in a competitive and predominantly male profession, Haywood’s successes brought her a certain notoriety.But her one-time dele- tion from the literary canon and her importance to literary stud- ies today cannot be explained simply in terms of gender.The circumstances of Haywood’s life,the history of the early eigh- teenth-century novel,the bias against didactic and popular liter- ature,and Haywood’s complicated experiments with genre also help explain her near-erasure and her subsequent recovery. Jerry C.Beasley,Novels of the s(Athens:U of Georgia P,) . William H.McBurney,‘Mrs.Penelope Aubin and the Early Eighteenth-Century Novel’,Huntington Library Quarterly():. Fantomna main 1/15/04 8:28 AM Page 10 Review Copy Haywood’s Life and Career Although much is known about Haywood,many important facts about her life remain obscure.Few of her personal documents, and none of her manuscripts,have survived.It is no surprise, therefore,that until recently myths and misinformation formed the greater part of her biography.Some of these misconceptions were promulgated by Haywood’s first modern biographer, George Frisbie Whicher. Recent research has begun to correct the record,with salubrious results;most notably,biographical work by Christine Blouch has had a wide-ranging influence, affecting Haywood’s place in literary history as well as the criti- cal reception of her work. We do know when Haywood died ( February ) and where she is buried (St.Margaret’s,London).We do not know exactly when—or where—she was born.Blouch has identified two possible sets of parents for Elizabeth Fowler (Haywood’s maiden name),and she has suggested a connection between one of these families and a third,well-to-do family.This conflicting information has given rise to two possible birth dates, and .Blouch finds the weight of evidence inclining toward the later date (pp.xxii–xxiv). Perhaps the most damaging misconception about Haywood devolves from the erroneous belief that she was the runaway wife of a preacher named Valentine Haywood—a theory that Whicher advanced from scanty if suggestive documentary evidence.This account ensured Haywood’s early twentieth-century notoriety and endured until Blouch showed it to be inaccurate. In the midst of so much mystery, one tantalizing detail remains: Haywood herself describes her marriage as ‘unfortunate’and cites it as the reason that she was forced to earn a living by her pen See Whicher,The Life and Romances of Mrs.Eliza Haywood(New York:Columbia UP,). See Blouch,‘Eliza Haywood and the Romance of Obscurity’,SEL:Studies in English Literature,–():–;and ‘Eliza Haywood’,in Miscellaneous Writings, –,ed.Alexander Pettit,set ,vol.i of Selected Works of Eliza Haywood(London: Pickering & Chatto,) xxi–lxxxii.Except as noted,further references to Blouch are to the more recent essay. Blouch,‘Eliza Haywood and the Romance of Obscurity’,–.
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