Family Medicine: Principles and Practice PDF
Preview Family Medicine: Principles and Practice
Family Medicine Principles and Practice Fifth Edition Springer Science+Business Media, LLC Robert B. Taylor Editor Family Medicine Principles and Practice Fifth Ed ition Associa te Editors Alan K. David Thomas A. Johnson, Jr. D. Melessa Phillips Joseph E. Scherger With 144 Figures Springer Robert B. Taylor, MD. Professor and Chairman Department of Family Medicine Oregon Health Sciences University Portland, OR 97201, USA Alan K. David, MD. D. Melessa Phillips, MD. The Fred Lazarus, Jr. Professor and Chairman Professor and Director Department of Family Medicine Department of Family Medicine University of Mississippi School of Medicine University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Jackson, MS 39216, USA Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA Joseph E. Scherger, M.D., M.P.H. Thomas A. Johnson Jr., M.D. Associate Dean for Primary Care and Chair Chairman Department of Family Medicine Department of Family Medicine University of California-Irvine St. John's Mercy Medical Center College of Medicine St. Louis, MO 63141, USA Orange, CA 92697, USA Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Family medicine: principles and practice I [edited by] Robert B. Taylor.-5th ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4757-2949-8 ISBN 978-1-4757-2947-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4757-2947-4 1. Family medicine. I. Taylor, Robert B. [DNLM: 1. Family Practice. WB 110 F197 1997] RC46.F36 1997 616-dc21 96-29794 Printed on acid-free paper. © 1998, 1994, 1988, 1983, and 1978 by Springer Science+Business Media New York Originally published by Springer-Verlag New York, Inc. in 1998. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 5th edition 1998 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, etc. in this publication, even if the former are not especially identified, is not to be taken as a sign that such names, as understood by the Trade Marks and Merchandise Marks Act, may accordingly be used freely by anyone. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of going to press, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Production managed by Theresa Kornak and Karina Mikhli; manufacturing supervised by J acqui Ashri. Typeset by Princeton Editorial Associates, Roosevelt, NJ. 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 This book is dedicated to: The physicians who founded the American Academy of General Practice a half century ago and The new generation off amily physicians, who will lead our specialty into the new millennium. Preface A book edition "lives" during a time in history. This is the latest version of the book that began in the mid-1970s-when physicians practiced chiefly in small groups or solo, health care was provided on a fee-for-service basis, and the specialty of Family Practice was young. Much has changed: As I wrote in the dedication to the Fourth Edition, family physicians have been "both privileged and challenged to practice during this period of transition." The life span of this new Fifth Edition seems likely to be influenced by three key trends: the continuing evolution of managed care, the ascendancy of Family Practice in the hierarchy of medicine, and the growing need for physicians with a personal commitment to ongoing human relationships and service. As managed care continues to be a major force in the day-by-day practice of family physicians as well as other specialists, I hope this book will meet the information needs that will help readers provide high quality, cost-effective health care in a capitat ed setting. The second trend-the rise of Family Practice in the medical hierarchy-is the predictable outcome of current economic and social forces. Managed care needs providers with the broadest range of skills, and patients seek physicians who can offer comprehensive personal care. For those fundamental reasons, Family Prac tice is a specialty whose time has come.1 The number of residency programs in Family Practice filled through the National Resident Matching Program and the number of U.S. medical graduates choosing Family Practice continue to climb.2 Program Requirements for Residency Education in Family Practice have recently been revised to reflect the evolution of the discipline, specifically eliminating the prior method of defining training elements as derivatives of other specialties.3 More residency graduates than ever are entering the workforce. This book is intended to provide new family physicians with the knowledge needed to pro vide broad-based health care in the context of the family and community. The third trend-the need for a rededication to human relationships and ser vice-is becoming ever more acute with the growing use of technology and the increased involvement of "third-party payers" in health care. This book covers the biomedical aspects of disease, the psychosocial approach to patient and family considerations, and the community implications of health problems. This Fifth Edition, like those in the past, presents the scientific and practical basis of family medicine. To the greatest extent possible, we have provided evi dence-based recommendations for disease management. We have followed the viii Preface format introduced in the Fourth Edition, with 130 chapters in the book. Part I has 6 chapters covering the Principles of Family Medicine. Part II-the Practice of Family Medicine-covers the clinical content of the discipline with 56 chapters on the Person, Family, and Community, and 64 chapters on topics related to Organs and Systems. Four chapters on Family Medicine Applications comprise Part III. The book's goal is to cover at least 90% of the problems that a generalist encounters in daily practice. These include: 1. Common acute problems such as otitis media and urinary tract infections; 2. Common chronic problems including diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease; 3. High impact problems such as domestic violence and pulmonary embolus; 4. Changing problems-areas of current investigation and evolving therapy-such as Lyme disease and osteoporosis; and 5. Emerging areas of emphasis in family medicine such as adolescent care, occupa tional health care, and sports medicine. The audience for the book is the residency trained practicing clinician, and ours continues to be the book written by family physicians for family physicians; all editors and primary authors of chapters are family physicians. All material in this book has been written specifically for the Fifth Edition. Added since the last edition are new chapter topics such as Population-Based Health Care, Health Promotion, Genetic Disorders, Behavioral Problems of Child ren, Somatoform Disorders, and Care of the Dying Patient. New developments in medical knowledge and skills are emphasized throughout the book. In this edition, I have been fortunate to work with the same Associate Editors as in the last edition: Alan K. David, M.D., Director of the Department of Family Medicine at the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Thomas A. Johnson, Jr., M.D., Chairman of the Department of Family Medicine at St. John's Mercy Medical Center in St. Louis, Missouri; D. Melessa Phillips, M.D., Chairman of the Department of Family Medicine at the University of Mississippi School of Medi cine; and Joseph E. Scherger, M.D., M.P.H, Associate Dean for Clinical Affairs and Chairman of the Department of Family Medicine at the University of California, Irvine, California. Thanks are due Esther Gumpert, Senior Medical Editor at Springer-Verlag-New York, for her support during preparation of this volume. I thank Coelleda O'Neil, Laurie Charron, Kavita Ginty, and Laretta Borg for their assistance in manuscript preparation. I also acknowledge with appreciation those authors who have con tributed to all five editions of the book over two decades: Charles H. Duckett, M.D., Kenneth F. Kessel, M.D., and Daniel J. Ostergaard, MD. I continue to be grateful to the readers and reviewers who have made helpful suggestions, many of which are reflected in the pages that follow. Your authors, Associate Editors and I encourage comments as we strive to make ours the single source reference for family physicians in North America and around the world. Robert B. Taylor, M.D. Portland, Oregon, USA References 1. Zervanos NJ. A century of medical education reform: Family practice, a specialty whose time has come. Family Medicine 1996;28:144-6. 2. 1997 National Resident Matching Program Information Sheet. Kansas City, Missouri: American Academy of Family Physicians, 1997. 3. Program Requirements for Residency Training in Family Practice. Washington DC: Accreditation Council on Graduate Medical Education, 1997. Drug Dosage Notice The authors and editors of this book have checked carefully to ensure that drug dosage recommendations are precise and in agreement with officially accepted standards at the time of publication. Nevertheless, dosage schedules are changed periodically as research and clinical experience reveal new data. Therefore, you should check the manufacturer's recommendation for dosages of all drugs, espe cially in instances when the drug is one which you use infrequently or with which you otherwise lack familiarity. Contents Preface .............................................................. vii Drug Dosage Notice ................................................. ix Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix Part I. The Principles of Family Medicine 1 Family Medicine: Current Issues and Future Practice .............. 1 Robert B. Taylor 2 Human Development and Aging ................................ 6 Kenneth Brummel-Smith 3 Approach to the Patient. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Harriet A. Squier, Howard Brody, and Barbara Supanich 4 Sociocultural Issues in Health Care .............................. 19 Enrique S. Fernandez, Jeannette E. South-Paul, and Samuel C. Matheny 5 Families and Health ............................................ 26 Macaran A. Baird and William D. Grant 6 Population-Based Health Care.. .. .... .. .... .. ......... .. .. .. ... . 32 Bruce W. Goldberg Part II. The Practice of Family Medicine A. The Person, Family, and Community Preventive Care 7 Clinical Prevention .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Evan W. Kligman and Frank A. Hale 8 Health Promotion .............................................. 56 Richard Kent Zimmerman 9 Health Care of the International Traveler ......................... 64 David N. Spees Pregnancy, Childbirth, and Postpartum Care 10 Preconception Care. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....... 73 Brian W. Jack and Larry Culpepper
The list of books you might like
