Familial Foundations of the Welfare State : Building the National Health Insurance Systems in South Korea and Taiwan PDF
Preview Familial Foundations of the Welfare State : Building the National Health Insurance Systems in South Korea and Taiwan
Familial Foundations of the Welfare State Building the National Health Insurance Systems in South Korea and Taiwan Hye Suk Wang Familial Foundations of the Welfare State Hye Suk Wang Familial Foundations of the Welfare State Building the National Health Insurance Systems in South Korea and Taiwan Hye Suk Wang Yonsei University Seoul, Korea (Republic of) ISBN 978-3-319-58711-0 ISBN 978-3-319-58712-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-58712-7 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017940622 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Cover design by Thomas Howey Printed on acid-free paper This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland A cknowledgements Some might wonder about the page for the acknowledgement and appreciation, which might be too big for my work. I, as well, consider spending my time for such pages as pretty presumptuous. However, one important reason has made me devote myself writing these pages; I have had so much help from countless people and organizations. This book would have not been finished if I worked all alone. The page, therefore, shall also be the confession of my feeling of helplessness and of despair during the field works and the actual time of writing the book. As this book derives from my doctoral research, first gratitude should go to the institutions which supported my research. I have received generous help as a Ph.D. candidate when I completed the disserta- tion. First, I would like to express my warm appreciation for those who have financially supported me during my fieldwork. POSCO TJ Park Foundation has supported my travel fee and the money required for my nine-month of fieldwork. The organization also encouraged my situation as a Korean researcher who has always been interested in Asian regional studies. Furthermore, the 6-month of Taiwan Fellowship from MOFA of Taiwan has provided me with the critical networks for me to exchange the information with Taiwanese researchers far fetching beyond the mere fieldwork. Finally, Lee Min-ju Scholarship from Yonsei University has furnished the environment for me to complete my fieldwork, which had gone too far beyond the expected time period. I also appreciate Prof. Kuo-Hsien Su and Prof. Kuo-Ming Lin of Department of Sociology of the National Taiwan University, v vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Hsin-Huang Michael Hsiao of Academia Sinica, and all the graduate stu- dents of the Department of Sociology, the National Taiwan University who have warmly welcomed me. My life and conversations with them for a year have given me a great chance to acknowledge the bond of sympathy that the contemporary scholars could share, going beyond the regional background of East Asia. By expressing my deepest appreciation for all the research foundations and organizations, which have supported my research during my two-year-long of field research, I hope the book could be a little compensation for their hospitality. I also want to thank my friends who are currently enrolled in their masters and PhDs in sociology department, graduate school of Yonsei University, who have shared the research center in Widang building for a long time. Also, the life of the female PhDs from my department, whom I would call the top 1% intellectuals of Korea, has evinced that love for family and passion for learning are the two sides of the same coin. It also confirmed to me that the story I have expressed in this book is not only about my life but also about everyone’s. Further, my gratitude goes to the professors of sociology department in Yonsei University who have instructed me for a long time from my undergraduate life until the time I get my Ph.D. Especially I feel that I have fell into a great debt for those who have been the members of my dissertation committee: Prof. Yong-Hak Kim, and Prof. Wang-Bae Kim. Also, Prof. Kyung-zoon Hong and Prof. Mee-Sook Lee, who have instructed me as my assistant judges despite being an utter stranger to me, affirmed that the value of reciprocity is not a mere past but an old future that can still remain as an ethical and academic resource in the modern society. No word would dare to fully express my feeling of appreciation for my supervisor, Prof. Seok-Choon Lew. I shall make the analogy for him with the shoulder that my research stands on, and that I would never dare to climb up, simultaneously. My further appreciation shall now go towards my research community 529 thanks to Prof. Seok-Choon Lew who has introduced me to the community. My 10-year experience with them has further affirmed me that not every organization is a market or a hierar- chy. I would like to further express my appreciation to my husband Lung-ta Wei. He has continuously given this amateur researcher on Taiwan, his hand to discover and to understand necessary materials for understanding the Taiwanese society from the period of my fieldwork. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vii Also, he has meticulously proofread my dissertation in regard with the parts on Taiwan, and his comments should authorize him as an unofficial co-author of the book. In preparing the final draft, I have the fortune to have Kyu-Eun Kim and Min Hyeong Ki to provide a proofreading. Also, Sarah from Macmillan deserves my appreciation for contacting me, an utter stranger in East Asia, encouraging, and leading me to bravely decide my dissertation-level work to be published in the world’s aca- demic field. Finally, I shall show my deepest gratitude for my family, who has patiently waited for my graduation and completion of my Ph.D. I had only one nephew when I started the research, but now I have four nieces and nephews in total; my parents’ frowns have deepened; and my grand- mother passed away right before her 100th birthday. Family is the big- gest keyword throughout this book. The macro role of family, as an invisible hand, which structures a state’s official system going beyond the micro level of taking care of incompetent family members in private area has been dealt with throughout my work. My personal acknowledge- ment on the mighty power of family as I aged upon has played an impor- tant role in deciding the theme of the book. In this sense, I dedicate this book to my family who has full-heartedly supported me throughout the process of writing the dissertation. Furthermore, I now have one more hope for the book to be consumed. It shall be my greater pleasure when Korean families would have a better understanding on Taiwan, the home country of my husband, my new family. c ontents 1 Introduction 1 2 Welfare Politics: Building Welfare Institutions 19 3 (De-)Familialization in Social Policy in East Asia 41 4 Historical Development of NHI in S. Korea: Why not Equal Protection for Female Workers’ Families? 73 5 Historical Development of NHI in Taiwan: De-familialization Path of Welfare Politics 107 6 Conclusion 139 References 147 Index 149 ix k t A ey erms And bbreviAtions Dependents (Taiwan)/ (S. Korea) Bureau of National Health Insurance (Taiwan) Civil Servant Dependent Health Insurance Civil Servant Insurance (Taiwan) Department of Health, Executive Yuan (Taiwan) National Health Insurance Corporation (S. Korea) The National Health Insurance Statistics (Taiwan)/ (S. Korea) Mainlanders Taiwanese Aboriginal Taiwanese Han Chinese ( ) Labor Insurance (Taiwan) Minnan ( ) Hakka ( ) Chinese Cultural Renaissance Summaries of Population and Housing Census in Taiwan-Fukien Area (Taiwan) xi xii KEY TERMS AND ABBREvIATIONS Department of Government Employees’ Insurance, Central Trust of China (Taiwan) Social Indicators (Taiwan) Annual Statistics on Human Resources ( ) (Taiwan) Bureau of Labor Insurance (Taiwan) KMT Kuomintang (Taiwan) DGBAS Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan (Taiwan) KOSIS Korea Statistical Information Service (S. Korea)
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