Failures in earthworks : proceedings of the Symposium on Failures in Earthworks

483 Pages·1985·104.626 MB·English

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FAILURES IN EARTHWORKS

FAILURES IN
EARTHWORKS
Proceedings of the symposium on Failures in Earthworks,
organized by the Institution of Civil Engineers and held in
London, 6-7 March 1985
^1 THOMAS TELFORD, LONDON
Organizing Committee: Dr R.T. Murray (Chairman), Dr R. Jewell, Dr C.J.F.P. Jones, E.A. Snedker,
S. Thorburn
First published 1985
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Symposium on Failures in earthworks (1985: London)
Failures in earthworks: Proceedings of the symposium on
Failures in earthworks
1. Earthwork
I. Title
624.V5 TA715
ISBN: 0 7277 0243 2
©Institution of Civil Engineers, 1985, unless otherwise stated. All rights, including translation, reserved.
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Papers or other contributions and the statements made or opinions expressed therein are published
on the understanding that the author of the contribution is solely responsible for the opinions
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are or reflect the views or opinions of ICE Council or ICE committees
Published for the Institution of Civil Engineers by Thomas Telford Ltd, P.O. Box 101, 26-34 Old Street,
London EC1P1JH
Printed in Great Britain by Billing and Sons Ltd, Worcester
Contents
Session 1: Earthwork failures and repairs
1. Excavated slopes in fissured tills. A. McGOWN 1
2. Earthworks in Hong Kong—their failure and stabilisation.
A. J. VAIL and A. A. BEATTIE 15
3. A57 Snake Pass, remedial work to slip near Alport
Bridge. A. D. LEADBEATER 29
4. Slope failures in road cuttings through Coal Measures
rocks. S. H. ROGERS 39
Discussion on Papers 1-4 53
Session II: Earthwork failures and repairs
5. Slope stability problems in ageing highway earthworks.
A. W. PARSONS and J. PERRY 63
6. Shallow slips in highway embankments constructed of
overconsolidated clay. J. R. GREENWOOD, D. A. HOLT and
G. W. HERRICK 79
7. Performance of embankments and cuttings in Gault
Clay in Kent. c. GARRETT and J. H. WALE 93
Discussion on Papers 5-7 113
Session III: Earthwork failures and repairs
8. Cracking of a PFA embankment over soft alluvium.
N. R.ARBER 127
9. Failure of a large highway cutting and remedial works.G.
PILOT, J. P. MENEROUD, B. MANGAN and B. BESCOND 141
10. Water and frost—stability risks for embankments of fine-
grained soils. A. EKSTROM and T. OLOFSSON 155
11. The use of stress measurements as an early warning
method of failures in compacted embankments. H. 167
0STLID
Discussion on Papers 8-11 171
Session IV: Earthwork failures and repairs
12. The failure of embankment dams in the United
Kingdom. J. A. CHARLES and J. B. BODEN
13. Carsington Dam failure. A. W. SKEMPTON and D. J. COATS
Discussion on Papers 12 & 13
Session V: Formation failures
14. Keuper Marl as a road foundation—predicting its
Strength. A. J. TURNER and K. L SEAGO
15. Earthworks formation failures. N. McFARLAND
Discussion on Papers 14 & 15
Session VI: Rock slopes
16. Major gabion wall failure. S. THORBURN and \. M. SMITH
17. The stability of excavated slopes exposing rock.
G. D. MATHESON
18. Quarry landslip—a design aid in highway earthworks.
W. A. WALLACE and E. J. ARROWSMITH
19. Kilgetty Bypass: problems related to thrust faulting.
A. D. FLETCHER, A. B. HAWKINSand E. H. JONES
Discussion on Papers 16-19
Session VII: Serviceability failures
20. Buried services associated with transport systems
including mining subsidence. N. ADDY
21. A retaining wall failure induced-by compaction.
T. S. INGOLD
22. Failure of a large diameter pipe. C J. F. P. JONES
23. Ground movements from a deep excavation in sands
and interbedded clay. T. D. O'ROURKE
Discussion on Papers 20-23
Technical Notes
TN1. Instabilities with large horizontal deformations.
A. JONKER and R. J. TERMAAT 397
TN2. Failures during river dike construction. R. CARPENTIER,
P. KERSTENS, W. GRARE and G. VAN ALBOOM 400
TN3. Wedge analysis of embankment instability during
construction of the M25 motorway. J. R. GREENWOOD 403
TN4. Monitoring pore water pressures in an embankment
slope. I. CRABB and G. WEST 406
TN5. Field observations of embankment failures on soft
clay. R. S. PUGH 411
TN6. The failure of Agu Dam. A. D. M. PENMAN 414
TN7. Reinforced soil techniques for the reinstatement of
failed slopes using Geogrids. T. L H. OLIVER 417
TN8. Slip repairs using reinforced soils. R. JEWELL 420
TN9. Stabilization of slips in cohesive soil by grouting.
D.J.AYRES 424
TN10. Example of a submarine slope failure during
installation of piles. E. H. STEGER 428
TN11. The use of reticulated Pali Radice structures to solve
slope stability problems. I. W. ELLIS 432
TN12. The stabilisation of a landslipped area to incorporate
a highway by use of a system of bored piles. E. A. SNEDKER 436
TN13. Incidence of highway slope stability problems in
Lower Lias and Weald Clay. J. PERRY 439
TN14. Slope failure in low and high plasticity clays.
A. J. BATCHELOR, M. C. FORDE and B. H. V. TOPPING 442
TN15. Smooth slip planes in clay fills resulting from soil
machine interaction. I. L WHYTE and I. G. VAKALIS 445
TN16. Slope drains in an old cutting in London Clay.
D. M. FARRAR 448