Facts and Models in Hearing: Proceedings of the Symposium on Psychophysical Models and Physiological Facts in Hearing, held at Tutzing, Oberbayern, Federal Republic of Germany, April 22–26, 1974

366 Pages·1974·15.83 MB·English

by  H. Engström

Communication and Cybemetics 8
Editors: W D. Keidel and H. Wolter
Facts and Models
in Hearing
Proceedings of the
Symposium on Psychophysical Models
and Physiological Facts in Hearing
held at Tutzing, Oberbayem, Federa! Republic of Germany,
April 22-26, 1974
Edited by
E. Zwicker and E. Terhardt
Springer-Verlag
Berlin Heidelberg NewYork 1974
Volumes I to 7 appeared when the series was called
Kommunikation und Kybemetik in Einzeldarstel/ungen
Professor Dr.-Ing. Eberhard Zwicker
Dr.-Ing. Ernst Terhardt
Institut fdr Elektroakustik, Technisehe Universität MÜflchen
Symposium was sponsored by the Deutsche Forsehungsgemeinsehqft and the
Bayerisehes Staatsministerium for Unterrleht und Kultus
With 176 figures
ISBN-13: 978-3-642-65904-1 e-ISBN-13: 978-3-642-65902-7
001: 10.1007/978-3-642-65902-7
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Symposium on Psychophysical Models and Physiological Facts in Hearing, Tutzing,
Ger., 1974. Facts and models in hearing.
(Communication and cybemetics, v. 8) "Sponsored by the Deutsche Forschungs
gemeinschaft and the Bayerisches Staatsministerium fm Unterricht und Kultus."
Bibliography: p.
1. Hearing-Congresses. 2. Ear-Congresses. I. Zwicker, Eberhard, ed. 11. Terhardt, E.,
1934-ed. III. Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Founded 1949) IV. Bavaria.
Staatsministerium für Unterricht und Kultus. V. Title.
[DNLM: 1. Ear-Physiology-Congresses. 2. Hearing-Congresses. 3. Models, Psycho
physical-Congresses. WV272 S9895f 19741 QP460.S95 1974 612'.85
74-11221
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determined by agreement with the publisher. © by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1974.
Softeover reprint of the hardeover 1st edition 1974
PREFACE
During recent years auditory research has advanced quite
rapidly in the area of experimental psychology as well as
in that of physiology. Scientists working in both areas have
in cornrnon the study of the process in HEARING, yet different
scientific areas always tend to diverge. A SYMPOSIUM ON PSY
CHOPHYSICAL MODELS AND PHYSIOLOGICAL FACTS IN HEARING was or
ganized for the exchange of information and to stimulate dis
cussion between research workers in psychoacoustics, neurophy
siology, anatomy, morphology and hydromechanics. The basic aim
of holding this syrnposium was to halt the divergence and to
initiate the kind of multi-disciplinary research that will be
need ed to elucidate the hearing process as a whole. The present
proceedings comprise the papers, which were circulated to the
participants two months before the syrnposium and discussed during
the syrnposium, together with some cornrnents and additional re
marks. These cornrnents and rernarks do not, however, represent the
full discussions but only the parts available in written form.
We have arranged the material in five sections:
I. Structure and Neurobiology of the Inner Ear
II. Cochlear Mechanisms
III. Auditory Frequency Analysis
IV. Auditory Time Analysis
V. Nonlinear Effects
Within the limits of a syrnposium, none of these topics could be
treated comprehensively; moreover, most of the papers concerned
problems having several aspects. The volume further contains three
papers which were not presented at the syrnposium by their authors:
Keidel's paper was read by Kallert; the papers of Engström and of
M~ller were not presented orally at all.
Our main endeavor was to meet the dernand for rapid publication
of up-to-date information. In order to realize this goal, we pre
scribed certain specifications and restrictions which, of course,
did not always please the authors; we.apologize for this and thank
thern for their cooperation.
The organization of the symposium and the preparation of this
volume would not have been possible without the help of
A. Schumann, F. Eberding, H. Fleischer, A. Frei, J. Oelmann,
H. SchUtte, D. Schultz, W. Suchowerskyj, and several others.
The symposium as well as the pUblication of the proceedings
were sponsored by the Deutsche Fo~schungsgemeinschaft and by
the Bay~isches Staatsministe~ium fü~ Unte~~icht und Kultus.
Finally, we acknowledge the good cooperation with Springer
Verlago
Mai 1974 Eberhard Zwicker
Ernst Terhardt
CONTENTS
PARTICIPANTS VIII
I. STRUCTURE AND NEUROBIOLOGY OF THE INNER EAR 1
H. ENGSTRÖM Morphology of the walls of the cochlear duct 3
C. ANGELBORG
H. SPOENDLIN Neuroanatomy of the cochlea 18
R.R. PFEIFFER Comments 33
C.E. MOLNAR
J.R. COX, JR.
A. FLOCK Neurobiology of ha ir cells and their synapses 37
II. COCHLEAR MECHANISMS 43
V. NEDZELNITSKY Measurements of sound pressure in the cochleae of 45
anesthetized cats
P. DALLOS Comments 54
J.P. WILSON Basilar membrane data and their relation to theories
of frequency analysis 56
L. ROBLES Comments 64
J. TONNDORF The significance of shearing displacements for the
mechanieal stimulation of cochlear hair cells 65
P. DALLOS Comments 75
R. HELLE Enlarged hydromechanical cochlea model with basilar
membrane and tectorial membrane 77
M.R. SCHROEDER A model for mechanieal to neural transduction in
J.L. HALL the auditory receptor 86
H. DUIFHUIS Comments 94
E. ZWICKER A "second filter" established with in the scala
media (General Comment) 95
H. DUIFHUIS An alternative approach to the second filter
(General Comment) 100
III. AUDITORY FREQUENCY ANALYSIS 105
J. J. ZWISLOCKI Neuro-mechanical frequency analysis in the cochlea 107
W.G. SOKOLICH
E.F. EVANS Auditory frequency selectivity and the cochlear
nerve 118
J. SCHWARTZKOPFF Comments 130
E. ZWICKER on a psychoacoustical equivalent of tuning curves 132
VIII
L.L.M. VOGTEN Pure-tone masking; a new re sult from a new method 142
R.J. RITSMA Frequeney seleetivity and the tonal residue 156
A. HOEKSTRA
B.L.CARDOZO Frequeney diserimination at the threshold 164
G.VAN DEN BRINK Monotie and diehotie piteh matehings with
eomplex sounds 178
E. TERHARDT Comments 189
IV. AUDITORY TIME ANALYSIS 191
L.U.E. KOHLLÖFFEL Reeordings from spiral ganglion neurons 193
E.F. EVANS Comments 204
G. BOERGER Coding of repetition noise in the eoehlear nueleus
in eat 206
J.P. WILSON Comments 213
F.A. BILSEN Comments 214
W.D. KEIDEL Information proeessing in the higher parts of the
auditory pathway 216
A.R. M0LLER Dynamie properties of eoehlear nueleus units in
response to exeitory and inhibitory tones 227
A. VOGEL Roughness and its relation to the time-pattern
of psyehoaeoustieal exeitation 241
H. FASTL Transient masking pattern of narrow band maskers 251
T. HOUTGAST Masking patterns and lateral inhibition 258
F.A. BILSEN Comments 266
T. HOUTGAST The slopes of masking patterns (General Comments) 269
H. FASTL Comments 273
H. DUIFHUIS A erude quantitative theory of baekward masking 275
V. NONLINEAR EFFECTS
L. ROBLES Nonlinear effeets in the transient response of
W.S. RHODE the basilar membrane 287
J. P. LEGOUIX Nonlinear meehanisms and eoehlear seleetivity 299
M.C. REMOND
P. DALLOS Coehlear mierophonie eorrelates of eubie
MARY ANN CHEATHAM differenee tones 312
IX
R.R. PFEIFFER The representation of tones and combination
C.E. MOLNAR tones in spike discharge pattems of single
J.R. COX, JR. cochlear nerve fibers 323
G.F. SMOORENBURG on the mechanisms of combination tone generation
and lateral inhibition in hearing 332
R. HELLE Comments 343
H. FASTL
E. ZWICKER
T.J.F. BUUNEN Subjective phase effects and combination tones 344
F.A. BILSEN
E. TERHARDT Pitch of pure tones: its relation to intensity 353
PARTlCIPANTS
F.A. Bilsen, Teehnisehe Hogesehool Delft, Lab. voor Natuurkunde, Lorentz
weg 1, Delft - 8, Netherland
J. Blauert, Institut für Elektrisehe Naehriehtenteehnik der RWTH, 51 Aaehen,
Älte Mastriehterstr. 23, West Germany
G. Boerger, Heinrieh-Hertz-Institut rur Sehwingungsforschung, 1 Berlin 10,
Elnstelnufer 37, West Germany
G. van den Brink, Faculteit der Geneeskunde, Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam,
Lab.f. Blolog.a.Medicial Physics, P.O. Box 1738, Rotterdam, Netherland
B.L. Cardozo, Instituut voor Perceptie Onderzoek, Insulindelaan 2,
Elndhoven, Netherland
P.J. Dallos, Auditory Research Laboratory, Northwestern University, 2299
Sherldan Road, Evanston, Illinois, 60201, U.S.A.
H. Duifhuis, Instituut voor Perceptie Onderzoek, Insulindelaan 2, Eindhoven,
Netherland
E.F. Evans, Department of Communication, University of Keele, Keele,
Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, Great Britain
H. Fastl, Institut für Elektroakustik der Techn. Universität München,
Ärclsstr. 21, 0-8 München 2, West Germany
A. Flock, Konung Gustaf V forskningsinstitut, S-104 01 Stockholm 60,
Sweden
C.A.A.J. Greebe, Instituut voor Perceptie Onderzoek, Insulindelaan 2,
Eindhoven, Netherland
R. Helle, Institut für Elektroakustik der Techn. Universität München,
Arcisstr. 21, 0-8 München 2, West Germany
T. Houtgast, Institute for Perception TNO, Kampweg 5, Postbus 23, Soesterberg,
Netherland
Mrs. John, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, 53 Bonn-Bad Godesberg,
Kenneayallee 40, West Germany
H.R. de Jongh, Wilhelmina Gasthuis, Academisch Ziekenhuis bij de Universiteit
van Amsterdam, ENT- Department, Amsterdam-Oud west, Netherland
S. Kallert, I. Physiologisches Institut der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg,
852 Erlangen, Universitätsstr. 17, West Germany
L.U.E. Kohllöffel, I. Pfiysiologisches Instftut der Universität Erlangen
Nurnberg, 852 Erlangen, Universitätsstr. 17, West Germany
J.P. Legouix, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie Generale, College de France,
11 Place Marcelin-Berthelot, Paris-50, France
V. Nedzelnitsky, Eaton-Peabody Laboratory of Auditory Physiology, 42
Carlton Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02142, U.S.A.
R.R. Pfeiffer, Department of Electrical Engineering, Washington University,
St. LOU1S, Mlssouri, 63130, U.S.A.
R. Plomp, Institute for Perception TNO, Kampweg 5, Postbus 23, Soesterberg,
Netherland
R.J. Ritsma, Academisch Ziekenhuis Groningen Kliniek voor Keel-Neus-en
öorheelkunde, Oostersingel 59, Groningen, Netherland
L. Robles, Laboratory of Neurophysiology Medical School, University of
Wlsconsln, 283 Medical Sciences Building, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, U.S.A.
J.F. Schouten, Parklaan 36, Eindhoven, Netherland
M.R. Schröder, Direktor des Dritten Physik. Instituts der Universität
Gottlngen, Bürgerstr. 42-44, West Germany
J. Schwartzkopff, Institut für Allgemeine Zoologie der Ruhr-Universität
Bochum, 463 Bochum-Querenburg, Postfach 2148, West Germany
G.F. Smoorenburg, Institute for Perception TNO, Kampweg 5, Postbus 23,
Soesterberg, Netherland
H. Spoendlin, Kantonsspital Zürich, Rämistr. 100 CH-8006 Zürich,
Switzerland
E. Terhardt, Institut für Elektroakustik der Techn. Universität München,
Ärcisstr. 21, 0-8 München 2, West Germany
J. Tonndorf, Department of Otolaryngology, College of Physicians and
Surgeons of Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York 32, New
York, U.S.A.
A. Vogel, Institut für Elektroakustik der Techn. Universität München,
Ärclsstr. 21, 0-8 München 2, West Germany
Vogten, Instituut voor Perceptie Onderzoek, Insulindelaan 2,
L.L.~
Eindhoven, Netherland
J.P. Wilson, Department of Communication, University of Keele, Keele,
Staffordshlre ST5 5BG, Great Britain
E. Zwicker, Institut für Elektroakustik der Techn. Universität München,
Ärclsstr. 21, 0-8 München 2, West Germany
J.J. Zwislocki, Lab. of Sensory Communication, Syracuse University, 821
Unlverslty Ävenue, Syracuse, New York, 13210, U.S.A.