Facilitated Transport Membranes (FTMs) for CO2 Capture: Overview and Future Trends

277 Pages·2023·7.432 MB·English

by  Sarah Farrukh, Xianfeng Fan, Takeshi Matsuura, Syed Shujaat Karim

Green Energy and Technology
Sarah Farrukh
Xianfeng Fan
Takeshi Matsuura
Syed Shujaat Karim   Editors
Facilitated Transport
Membranes (FTMs)
for CO Capture:
2
Overview and
Future Trends
Green Energy and Technology
Climate change, environmental impact and the limited natural resources
urge scientific research and novel technical solutions. The monograph series
Green Energy and Technology serves as a publishing platform for scientific
and technological approaches to “green”—i.e. environmentally friendly and
sustainable—technologies. While a focus lies on energy and power supply, it
also covers “green” solutions in industrial engineering and engineering design.
Green Energy and Technology addresses researchers, advanced students, technical
consultants as well as decision makers in industries and politics. Hence, the level of
presentation spans from instructional to highly technical.
**Indexed in Scopus**.
**Indexed in Ei Compendex**.
· · ·
Sarah Farrukh Xianfeng Fan Takeshi Matsuura
Syed Shujaat Karim
Editors
Facilitated Transport
Membranes (FTMs) for CO
2
Capture: Overview
and Future Trends
Editors
Sarah Farrukh Xianfeng Fan
School of Chemical and Materials Department of Chemical Engineering
Engineering (SCME) University of Edinburgh
National University of Sciences Edinburgh, UK
and Technology (NUST)
Islamabad, Pakistan Syed Shujaat Karim
School of Chemical and Materials
Takeshi Matsuura Engineering (SCME)
Department of Chemical and Biological National University of Sciences
Engineering and Technology (NUST)
University of Ottawa Islamabad, Pakistan
Ottawa, ON, Canada
ISSN 1865-3529 ISSN 1865-3537 (electronic)
Green Energy and Technology
ISBN 978-3-031-21443-1 ISBN 978-3-031-21444-8 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21444-8
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature
Switzerland AG 2023
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether
the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse
of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and
transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar
or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication
does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant
protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book
are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or
the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any
errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional
claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
I want to dedicate this work to my parents
“Abdul Hafeez,” “Jamila Hafeez,” husband
“Farrukh Hanif,” my darling son “M. Sarim
Janjua,” and my deceased brother “Abdul
Mateen” as without their support and
guidance, I am unable to achieve anything in
my life. I cannot repay my both supervisors,
Prof. Dr. Arshad Hussain and Prof. Dr.
Xianfeng Fan, who are always beacons of
light for me.
—Sarah Farrukh
I dedicate this book to my parents, siblings,
friends, and especially to my teachers, whose
unwavering support and guidance made this
work possible.
—Syed Shujaat Karim
Preface
Membrane technology has seen a wide expansion in its application in the past
decades, mainly due to the increase in the understanding of its working principle and
the development of progressively better materials, synthesis methods, and operating
procedures. One of the most promising candidates among novel membrane separa-
tion technologies is the facilitated transport membranes (FTMs). These membranes
were first developed in the 1960s for improving CO gas separation performance in
2
membranes by exploiting the reversible acid-base reaction between the acid gases
and basic amino groups in various polymers. This technology was only confined to
the laboratory scale until recently, when it was realized that there is an urgent need for
improving the carbon capture efficiency of emerging technologies to combat climate
change as well as the impending energy crisis. This was needed as the current tech-
nologies (such as liquid absorption, solid adsorption, and cryogenic separation),
although very efficient, required large amounts of energy. Thus, FTMs came up as a
very advantageous technology owing mainly due to their high performance efficiency
and low energy consumption. Since then, there has been a vast expanse of literature
being published on the use of FTMs for several industrial processes such as flue
gas separation, biogas upgrading, syngas purification, and natural gas processing. In
spite of such an extensive body of literature available on this subject, there is still
need to organize and compile as concisely as possible all the data regarding the use
of FTMs in the different gas separation processes. This was thought necessary to
understand our current standing on this subject and to map out what needs to be done
in the future for the improvement of gas separation technology to fulfill our energy
needs as well as tackle environmental pollution. As our area of expertise spans all
the various CO gas separation technologies and the use of membrane technology
2
in these fields, therefore we are well-equipped to accomplish this task of compiling,
vii
viii Preface
summarizing, and understanding the available literature regarding the use of FTMs
for CO gas separation processes.
2
Islamabad, Pakistan Sarah Farrukh
Edinburgh, UK Xianfeng Fan
Ottawa, Canada Takeshi Matsuura
Islamabad, Pakistan Syed Shujaat Karim
Acknowledgements We acknowledge the support of the Membrane for Advanced Research
(MEMAR) Lab at the School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME), National University
of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan. We also appreciate the
support of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim,
Norway for the Chap. 9 titled “Techno-economic Analysis of Facilitated Transport Membranes
(FTMs) Based CO2 Separation Processes”. Heartfelt appreciation to Prof. Dr. Xianfeng Fan (Univer-
sity of Edinburgh, UK), Prof. Dr. Takeshi Matsuura (Ottawa University, Canada), Prof. Dr. Arshad
Hussain (Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology (PAF-IAST),
Haripur, Pakistan), Prof. Dr. Mohammad Younas (University of Engineering and Technology (UET)
Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan), Dr. Muhammad Ayoub (Universiti Teknologi Petronas (UTP), Perak,
Malaysia), and Dr. Huma Shaikh (University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan) for their support.
Contents
1 Introduction .................................................. 1
Sarah Farrukh, Subhan Ali, Syed Shujaat Karim, Hizba Waheed,
and Inamullah Douna
2 Facilitated Transport Membranes (FTMs) Gas Transport
Models and Reaction Mechanism ............................... 25
Syed Shujaat Karim, Takeshi Matsuura, Arshad Hussain,
and Sarah Farrukh
3 Fabrication, Characterization, and Design of Facilitated
Transport Membranes (FTMs) ................................. 47
Zarrar Salahuddin, Syed Shujaat Karim, Kiran Mustafa,
and Sarah Farrukh
4 Facilitated Transport Membranes (FTMs) for Natural Gas
Purification (CO /CH ) ........................................ 93
2 4
Syed Shujaat Karim, Sher Ahmad, and Sarah Farrukh
5 Facilitated Transport Membranes (FTMs) for Biogas
Purification (CO /CH ) ........................................ 119
2 4
Syed Shujaat Karim, Ovaid Mehmood, Sarah Farrukh,
and Muhammad Ayoub
6 Facilitated Transport Membranes (FTMs) for Syngas
Purification (CO /H ) .......................................... 145
2 2
Syed Shujaat Karim, Ovaid Mehmood, Sarah Farrukh,
and Muhammad Ayoub
7 Facilitated Transport Membranes (FTMs) for CO Separation
2
from Flue Gas (CO /N ) ....................................... 173
2 2
Syed Shujaat Karim, Huma Shaikh, Sarah Farrukh,
Saeed Ahmed Memon, Tahira Qureshi, and Shahabuddin Memon
ix
x Contents
8 Carbon Dioxide (CO ) Gas Storage and Utilization ............... 209
2
Huma Shaikh, Shahnila Shah, Syed Shujaat Karim,
Mohammad Younas, Syed Awais Ali, Sarah Farrukh,
Mansoor Ul Hassan Shah, and Syed Nasir Shah
9 Techno-economic Analysis of Facilitated Transport
Membranes (FTMs) Based CO Separation Processes ............ 249
2
Muhammad Ahsan, Arshad Hussain, Syed Shujaat Karim,
and Sarah Farrukh
10 Conclusions and Future Trends ................................. 267
Zarrar Salahuddin, Syed Shujaat Karim, and Sarah Farrukh