FAA Aviation News January-February 2003: Vol 42 Iss 1

43 Pages·19.8 MB·English

N
U.S. Department
of Transportation
Federal Aviation
Administration
FEATURES
Norman Y. Mineta, Secretary of Transportation
Marion C. Blakey, Administrator 1
Nicholas A. Sabatini, Associate Administrator All a Matter of Scale
for Regulation and Certification 4 0 |
James Ballough, Director, § ' | NOT AM S
Flight Standards S eciai interes
nie wontons pee :
__ GeneralA viaantdCi omomerncia l Division 11 “VER Flight Not Recommended
. Dean Chamberlain, Acting Editor—
AM ado Toscan, Asocoite Eakewart Director 20 from the Logbook: The Worst Mistakes
Deidria Shaw, Administrative Assistant }
22 Do You Still Remember How to Do It?
27 Allin the Approach
The FAA’s Flight Standards Service, General
Aviation and Commercial Division, Publications Safety First: Staying Proficient
Branch, AFS-805, Washington, DC 20591; tele-
phone [phone], FAX [phone]; pub- ’
lishes FAA AVIATION NEWS in the interest of flight Can | Take It with Me?
safety. The magazine promotes aviation safety by
calling the attention of airmen to current technical,
regulatory, and procedural matters affecting the safe
operation of aircraft. Although based on current FAA
policy and rule interpretations, all printed material
herein is advisory or informational in nature and
should not be construed to have regulatory effect. Medical Stuff: Doing Things Right
The FAA does not officially endorse any goods, 4
services, materials, or products of manufacturers i
that may be mentioned. Certain details of acci- So, You Thought You Had q Current Medical:
dents described herein may have been altered to ‘ ;
protect the privacy of those involved. Famous Flyers: A Dream of Wings
The Office of Management and Budget
ee ee are ae te erin ot 33 Runway Safety Comer: Airport Diagrams
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EEE 3-DIGIT 342 '
FAN SMITH212J JUN96 R 1 423% FRONT COVER: Claude McCullough
JOHN SMITH 4; PREG PRR OREN
212 MAIN ST adjusts the engine in his scratch-built
FORESTVILLE MD 20747 model WACO S3HD. (Mark Lanterman
photo courtesy of Model Aviation)
BACK COVER: Global Hawk, the U.S.
http://www.faa.gov/avr/afs/news/index.cfm Department of Defense’s newest un-
manned air vehicle. (Norththrop
Grumman Corporation photo)
A DOT/FAA FLIGHT STANDARDS SAFETY PUBLICATION
RSET ofOe ee >t | SA YM, PrSN.! ee Bat Aibah UP SN aN ay oS.
ealit conditions the resulting steady oc That idea is not as absurd as
Remember the yesteryear breeze could provide good, strong, some may think. One unmanned air-
photos of kids building model smooth lift for hours along the wide craft has flown from the U.S. across
aircraft in their bedrooms out cliff face. the Pacific to Australia. The U.S. mili-
of balsa wood and silk. How times Life was simpler in those days. At tary is using remote-controlled un-
have changed. To illustrate the that time, pilots flew “real” aircraft, manned vehicles in its war on terror-
change, one day more than 25 years while modelers flew radio-controlled ism. An unmanned cruise missile can
ago, | flew a radio-controlled (R/C) aircraft. How times have changed. fly hundreds of miles and hit a target
glider at San Diego’s Torrey Pines Now, both modelers and “real people” using GPS to navigate. With today’s
Gliderport. The cliffs at Torrey Pines fly model aircraft and real aircraft by technology, a remotely-piloted (the po-
and the Pacific Ocean breezes that remote control. Now the world of the litically correct term) aircraft can be
flow up and over the cliffs made this remote-controlled aircraft is only a radio-controlled, or have an au-
site a great location for R/C model matter of scale. At a recent radio- tonomous flight control system on-
gliders and the then new full-size hang controlled model airplane club open board that can fly a predetermined
gliders with their intrepid human pilots house, the R/C “pilots” referred to flight profile, or have a combination of
suspended beneath the colorful craft. “real” aircraft flying overhead as full- both systems so the autonomous air-
The site also had a cable winch launch scale. Things have advanced to the craft can be redirected in flight if nec-
capability for full-size piloted gliders. point where the only question in some essary by data link from another air-
What made that site so good, particu- people’s minds is when will the first re- craft or satellite. Things have
larly for the smaller R/C model gliders mote-controlled or autonomous non- progressed to the point where, ac-
and the much larger hang gliders, was piloted aircraft carry its first commer- cording to one magazine, the U.S. Air
the fact that with the right weather Cial passenger. Force is concerned how its pilots and
The Predator Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) flies above the USS Carl Vinton (CVN 70) on a simulated Navy reconnaissance flight headed
by Command Carrier Group One about 100 miles off the San Diego coastline. Predator has a wingspan of 48.4 feet, a length of 26.7 feet
and weighs approximately 1,500 pounds when fully fueled. Cost of the aircraft is around 3.2 million dollars. Average speed is approximately
70 knots. (U.S. Navy photo by PH8 Jefffrey S. Viano)
those who support piloted aircraft will happen. But such aircraft will be sub- manned R/C aircraft by definition. If it
react to the continued development of ject to regulation. is not manned, it is not an ultralight. It
unmanned aircraft to include the pos- They will be regulated both for is an aircraft subject to the same rules
sibility of a future unmanned bomber your protection and the protection of as all aircraft.
and other aircraft types. Are pilots those on the ground. A basis for that If you still think the idea of un-
going to soon join the Dodo bird on requirement is contained in the FAA’s manned aircraft flying is too futuristic,
the extinct list? Only time will tell. definitions in the Code of Federal Reg- then you did not see the May 29,
Not only has the progress of ulations (CFR), title 14, part 1, Defini- 2002, NASA Ames Research Center’s
radio-controlled aircraft develooment tions and Abbreviations. The FAA def- news release announcing it had
raised issues within the U.S. Air Force, inition of “aircraft means a device that “...signed an agreement to explore de-
but also it has raised one issue within is used or intended to be used for velopment of a world-class center de-
FAA about the use of such craft in the flight in the air.” Nowhere in that defi- signed to investigate science and
National Airspace System (NAS). nition does it say the device has to be commercial applications of unmanned
Someday, you may hear an air traffic manned. Under this definition, a small aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with
controller issuing you a traffic advisory or reduced scale aircraft such as a high-resolution digital imaging sys-
about an unmanned vehicle at 12 0o’- R/C model aircraft is just that. It is an tems.” The center’s program will in-
clock and three miles. Before you aircraft subject to rules governing its clude working with FAA on how to op-
panic, that aircraft may also have sen- operation in the NAS. For those who erate in the National Airspace (NAS).
sors Onboard to help it “see” and might argue that a 14 CFR part 103 Currently, a NASA Ames research
avoid you. Now who has the right of ultralight vehicle is not an aircraft by team is working on a $3.76 million
way? definition, the definition of an ultralight project to test the commercial use of a
lf the idea of flying crosscountry includes the requirement for solar-powered UAV in the NAS. The
with an unmanned aircraft near your “...manned operation in the air by a largest U.S. coffee plantation located
aircraft bothers you, you might as well single occupant.” Therefore, an ultra- on the Hawaiian Island of Kauai will be
start getting use to the idea. It may light vehicle could not be an un- the test site.
2 £AA AVIATION HEWS
So how did the line between Maryland-based Chesapeake Bay being able to walk to your crash site to
radio-controlled model aircraft, such Radio Control Club (CBRC) showed pick up your aircraft rather than “fly-
as gliders, airplanes, and helicopters, the diversity of what | would call the ing” to your crash site then being car-
become so blurred with aircraft capa- traditional R/C aircraft, and how things ried out.
ble of carrying weapons, crossing an have changed in the last 25 years. Although R/C aircraft don’t share
ocean, doing commercial aerial imag- As | have been saying, the line be- the same personal risks for their pilots
ing, and potentially carrying passen- tween traditional R/C scaled aircraft in a crash as full-scale aircraft, they do
gers? In one word, the answer is and full-scale aircraft has become very share many of the same problems as
technology. Technology, such as digi- blurred. For those who still think R/C full-scale aircraft. For example, the
tal control units, data link, digital com- aircraft are your simple, small models CBRC’s airfield shares the same de-
puters, satellites, and more efficient with limited control functions, you are velopment issues as all airports. Al-
power sources, is responsible for blur- in for a major surprise. You should though on Maryland State property,
ring that line. see some of the newest R/C aircraft. the airfield is bordered by a housing
As an example, the July-August Not only are these aircraft more so- development on one side and a
2001 issue of FAA Aviation News pub- phisticated, but they are fast and get- church and school on the opposite
lished a photograph of a R/C 1/6- ting bigger and bigger. For example, side. As a result, aircraft noise is an
scale model of the F-86 jet aircraft two of the club members arrived at issue. Like many full-scale airports,
John Glenn flew in the Korean Con- the airfield with their cargo trailers in the CBRC has operating restrictions,
flict. Built by FAA Aviation Safety In- tow and their aircraft suspended from such as when fuel-powered R/C air-
spector Rene Alvarez in Miami, the 1/6 the walls of the trailers. The idea is to craft can fly. Because of the church,
scale model was powered by a real protect their aircraft’s large wingspans. Sunday flight hours for fuel-powered
miniature jet engine that burned Jet A Tool kits and aircraft spare parts were aircraft begins at 11:00 a.m. The
fuel. Even in discussing such aircraft also stored in the trailers. One trailer good news for some CBRC members
and their engines, it is hard to find the included a workshop so that field re- is that they have electric (battery) pow-
terminology to describe the aircraft. In pairs could be made in case of a ered aircraft and giiders that can be
the above example, wouldn’t a minia- crash. flown during quiet hours. Then there
ture engine be real—just smaller? lf you have to have a crash, a R/C is the chance of a run-away aircraft
How many “unreal” miniature jet en- crash is the type to have. One club and an off-airfield landing. Like in real
gines can there be? See what | member, Steve Barnett, noted that life, sometimes electronics failure,
mean? The old adage of if it looks like R/C pilots walk to their crash sites. radio interference, or pilot error causes
a duck, walks like a duck, and quacks They don’t arrive at the scene of the a loss of control situation. Then the
like a duck, may no longer apply. crash in their aircraft. He had a good fuel capacity and stability of the air-
A recent visit to the airfield of the point. There is a lot to be said about craft determines the landing site of the
i
_ |
DCpH.hhe oaatmnob erlain
out of control scale aircraft.
Although we are talking about re-
duced-scaled aircraft, these aircraft
are not without certain risks. Anytime
you have high-speed rotating pro-
pellers and rotor blades you have a
potential danger. Add in the speed
and mass of some of these scale or
model aircraft, which may weigh up to
55 pounds, and you can begin to see
some of the risks you face if the air-
craft strikes someone. Serious injury
is possible.
To avoid such risks while promot-
ing the participation in R/C activities,
the CBRC is a member of and follows
the rules of the Academy of Model
Aeronautics (AMA). According to the
AMA’s Internet web site, it is the
world’s largest sport aviation organiza-
tion with a membership of more than
170,000. It sanctions more than
1,000 model competitions across the
country each year. It also certifies offi-
cial model flying records on a national
and international level. It says it is the
chartering organization for more than
2,500 model airplane clubs in the U.S.
The Muncie, Indiana, based organiza-
tion officially sanctions charter clubs’
contests, provides insurance, and
helps get and keep flying sites. AMA
also represents modeler’s interests
with the FAA, the Federal Communi-
cations Commission, and other gov-
ernment groups both at the Federal
level as well as with local governments
and their subdivisions. AMA is a
member of the National Aeronautic
Association and represents U.S. mod-
elers’ interests in international aero-
modeling activities.
AMA’s safety standards sound
like the FAA’s air show standards.
ABOVE: The new RQ-4A Global Hawk unmanned aerial vehicle flies through the sky Like real-scale air shows with their
during its maiden voyage here April 23. The Global Hawk is designed to provide battle- FAA mandated crowd control lines
field commanders with near real-time, high-resolution, reconnaissance imagery. Flying and air show lines designed to protect
at extremely high altitudes, Global Hawk can survey large geographic areas giving mili- the crowd in the event of an out of
tary decision-makers the most current information. (U.S. Air Force photo) control aircraft, AMA safety rules are
designed to protect spectators and
BELOW: The second Tier II! Minus DarkStar high altitude endurance unmanned air ve- property owners at AMA sanctioned
hicle flies over the NASA Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards Air Force Base, events. AMA has specific regulations
Calif., on June 29, 1998. The vehicle took off from the Air Force Flight Test Center at for each type of activity, since AMA
Edwards at 6:14 a.m. (PDT). During the 44-minute flight, the vehicle achieved an alti- aircraft events may involve control line
tude of approximately 5,000 feet and completed pre-programmed basic flight maneu- aircraft, internal combustion powered
vers. The system successfully executed a fully autonomous flight from takeoff to land- aircraft, R/C controlled aircraft as well
ing utilizing the differential Global Positioning System. NASA photo by Carla Thomas. as turbine engine powered aircraft,
4 {ff AVIATION W
and aircraft ranging from rubber-band keep a model aircraft from getting towards me, everything became back-
or electric powered aircraft up to away from its operator while the air- wards. Much like flying a back-course
large scale aircraft weighing up to 55 craft’s engine is being started. CBRC localizer instrument procedure where
pounds. Failure to comply with the has also installed fencing between its you have to remember to fly away
appropriate regulation jeopardizes the operating areas and the spectator from the VOR needle instead of to-
AMA liability protection in case of an area to capture any run away aircraft wards the needle if your aircraft does
accident. In today’s world, the poten- before it could possibly hit a spectator not have a BC selection capability, so
tial loss of liability insurance is a sig- or vehicle. CBRC also follows the it was with me flying the glider towards
nificant sanction and a great motiva- AMA safety code regarding how and me. Several times, | almost lost con-
tor for AMA clubs to abide by the where its aircraft can be flown with trol of the glider. Fortunately for me,
AMA safety procedures. AMA’s insur- spectators present. As with the FAA's the owner was standing near me to
ance protection includes not only lia- air show rules, AMA modelers are ex- take control of the R/C command
bility, but also accident medical cov- pected to turn their aircraft away from module. The good thing about
erage, plus fire, vandalism, and theft the crowd if under control. The rules progress is that today many R/C flight
coverage. also list a maximum permissible take- instructors use a system they call a
Rule Two in the General section of off weight of models, including fuel, of “Buddy Box.” Two control modules
the Official AMA National Model Air- 55 pounds. This weight limitation can are wired together so the instructor
craft Safety Code (see page six) is im- be exceeded if the pilot complies with can, by simply releasing the “trainer
portant for full-scale aircraft and air- the requirements outlined in the AMA button,” regain control of the student’s
ports. It states that AMA members rules. The rules also require new or aircraft when it gets into a less-than-
will not fly their models higher than repaired radio-controlled models to be desirable attitude, thereby avoiding a
approximately 400 feet within three successfully test flown before being crash and returning the student’s air-
miles of an airport without notifying flown with spectators. These are only craft to straight and normal flight.
the airport operator. AMA members a few of the many AMA safety rules (There must be a term used to identify
will also give the right-of-way to and designed to promote the safety of R/C those who control scale models. “Pi-
avoid flying in the proximity of full- activities. lots” is becoming confusing.) These
scale aircraft. When asked what it costs to be- are especially good for FAA certifi-
The other rules establish safety- come a R/C modeler, CBRC-member cated pilots for the reasons listed. Ac-
operating procedures for all of the Ray Stinchcomb said it varies by the cording to some CBRC members,
types of model aircraft listed. To avoid type of aircraft flown and the capabili- FAA-certificated pilots try to put them-
confusion between model aircraft and ties of the R/C equipment installed. A selves in the model. Non-certificated
full-scale aircraft, AMA defines a typical or average aircraft could cost “pilots” and the latest computer-gen-
model aircraft in its Safety Code 7 in about $150 to $200 and the minimum eration of young modelers don’t seem
the General section “...as an aircraft accessories could add another $100 to have this problem as much as older
with or without engine, not able to or $200. Based upon these esti- FAA-certificated pilots. Non-pilots and
Carry a human being.” mates, someone could get a good computer kids just learn to fly the R/C
As with the operation of full-scale system for less than $400 to $500. aircraft without trying to transform
aircraft, AMA’s rules and those of the However, your imagination and the themselves into miniature pilots flying
CBRC are designed to protect opera- dollar amount you are willing to spend scaled aircraft.
tors, other members, and any specta- are the only real limits. In closing, AMA is more than just
tors. For example, the CBRC installed And what does 25 years and the about flying model aircraft. It provides
tubular restraints made from plastic computerization of the world bring to many programs and benefits for its
water pipe into the ground to help R/C aircraft today. Remember | members including up to $20,000 this
started this overview of year in scholarships to graduating high
R/C aircraft by talking school seniors. In addition to provid-
ACADEMY OF MODEL AERONAUTICS
about flying a R/C glider ing scholarships, AMA is actively in-
INFORMATION at Torrey Pines in Califor- volved in many local school programs
nia. Like many certifi- designed to teach children and young
For more information about the Academy of cated pilots, | remember adults about model aircraft and flight.
Model Aeronautics (AMA), you can visit its Internet trying to visualize the There is even a Model Aviation Hall of
web site at www.modelaircraft.org. AMA’s address view from the cockpit Fame. To start on your own road to
is 5161 E. Memorial Drive, Muncie, IN 47302. Its that | would see if | were the Model Aviation Hall of Fame, you
telephone number is 765-287-1256. FAX: 765-289- in the aircraft. This can contact your local hobby shop,
4248. To help you find the nearest AMA model air- worked great when | was your local AMA club, or the AMA in
craft club; AMA’s web site includes a national flying outbound away Muncie to learn more about the chal-
search capability by state for the nearest AMA club. from myself. But when | lenges of R/C aircraft.
turned the glider inbound 3
eee
2003 Official AMA National Model Aircraft Safety Code
Effective January 1, 2003
Model Flying MUST be in accordance with this Code in order for AMA Liability Protection to apply
GENERAL or with gaseous boosts, in which gases other than air enter
1) | will not fly my model aircraft in sanctioned events, their internal combustion engine(s); nor will | operate models
air shows, or model flying demonstrations until it has been with extremely hazardous fuels such as those containing
proven to be airworthy by having been previously, Success- tetranitromethane or hydrazine.
fully flight tested. 7) | will not operate models with pyrotechnics (any de-
2) | will not fly my model higher than approximately 400 vice that explodes, burns, or propels a projectile of any kind)
feet within 3 miles of an airport without notifying the airport including, but not limited to, rockets, explosive bombs
operator. | will give right-of-way and avoid flying in the prox- dropped from models, smoke bombs, all explosive gases
imity of full-scale aircraft. Where necessary, an observer (such as hydrogen filled balloons), ground mounted devices
shall be utilized to supervise flying to avoid having models launching a projectile. The only exceptions permitted are
fly in the proximity of full-scale aircraft. rockets flown in accordance with the National Mode! Rock-
3) Where established, | will abide by the safety rules etry Safety Code or those permanently attached (as per
for the flying site | use, and | will not willfully and deliber- JATO use); also those items authorized for Air Show Team
ately fly my models in a careless, reckless and/or danger- use as defined by AST Advisory Committee (document
ous manner. available from AMA HQ). In any case, models using rocket
4) The maximum takeoff weight of a model is 55 motors as a primary means of propulsion are limited to a
pounds, except models flown under Experimental Aircraft maximum weight of 3.3 pounds and a G series motor. Note:
rules, [Document Number 549]. A model aircraft is defined as an aircraft with or without en-
5) | will not fly my model unless it is identified with my gine, not able to carry a human being.
name and address or AMA number, on or in the model. 8) | will not consume alcoholic beverages prior to, nor
Note: This does not apply to models while being flown in- during, participation in any model operations.
doors. 9) Children under 6 years old are only allowed on the
6) | will not operate models with metal-bladed propellers flight line as a pilot or while under flight instruction.
sees,
Bob Benjamim’s Taylorcraft, a model aircraft he built from own plans,
during takeoff. (Mark Lanterman photo courtesy of Model Aviation)
6 699 avila
2. All officials will be off the course except for the starter
RADIO CONTROL and their assistant.
1) | will have completed a successful radio equipment 3. “On the course” is defined to mean any area beyond
ground range check before the first flight of a new or re- the pilot/staging area where actual flying takes place.
paired model. B. | will not fly my model aircraft in any organized racing
2) | will not fly my model aircraft in the presence of event which does not comply with paragraph A above or
spectators until | become a qualified flier, unless assisted by which allows models over 20 pounds unless that competi-
an experienced helper. tion event is AMA sanctioned.
3) At all flying sites a straight or curved line(s) must be C. Distance from the pylon to the nearest spectator (line)
established in front of which all flying takes place with the will be in accordance with the current Competition Regula-
other side for spectators. Only personnel involved with fly- tions under the RC Pylon Racing section for the specific
ing the aircraft are allowed at or in the front of the flight line. event pending two or three pylon course layout.
Intentional flying behind the flight line is prohibited. 11) RC Night Flying is limited to low performance mod-
4) | will operate my model using only radio control fre- els (less than 100 m.p.h.). The models must be equipped
quencies currently allowed by the Federal Communications with a lighting system that clearly defines the aircraft’s atti-
Commission. (Only properly licensed Amateurs are author- tude at all times.
ized to operate equipment on Amateur Band frequencies.)
5) Flying sites separated by three miles or more are FREE FLIGHT
considered safe from site-to site interference, even when 1) | will not launch my model aircraft unless at least 100
both sites use the same frequencies. Any circumstances feet downwind of spectators and automobile parking.
under three miles separation require a frequency manage- 2) | will not fly my model unless the launch area is clear
ment arrangement which may be either an allocation of of all persons except my mechanic and officials.
specific frequencies for each site or testing to determine 3) | will employ the use of an adequate device in flight to
that freedom from interference exists. Allocation plans or in- extinguish any fuses on the model after it has completed its
terference test reports shall be signed by the parties in- function.
volved and provided to AMA Headquarters. Documents of
agreement and reports may exist between (1) two or more CONTROL LINE
AMA Chartered Clubs, (2) AMA clubs and individual AMA 1) | will subject my complete control system (including
members not associated with AMA Clubs, or (3) two or safety thong, where applicable) to an inspection and pull
more individual AMA members, [Document Number 551*] . test prior to flying. Pull test will be in accordance with the
6) For Combat, distance between combat engagement current Competition Regulations for applicable model cate-
line and spectator line will be 500 feet per cubic inch of en- gory. Models not fitting a specific category as detailed shall
gine displacement. (Example: .40 engine = 200 feet.); elec- use those pull test requirements for Control Line Precision
tric motors will be based on equivalent combustion engine Aerobatics.
size. Additional safety requirements will be per the RC 2) | will assure that my flying area is safely clear of all util-
Combat section of the current Competition Regulations. ity wires or poles.
7) At air shows or model flying demonstrations a single 3) | will assure that my flying area is safely clear of all
straight line must be established, one side of which is for non-essential participants and spectators before permitting
flying, with the other side for spectators. my engine to be started.
8) With the exception of events flown under AMA Com- 4) | will not fly a model closer than 50 feet to any electri-
petition rules, after launch, except for pilots or helpers cal power line.
being used, no powered model may be flown closer than
25 feet to any person. GAS TURBINE
9) Under no circumstances may a pilot or other person 1) | will not operate any turbine engine (axial or centrifu-
touch a powered model in flight. gal flow) unless | have obtained a special waiver for such
specific operations.
Organized RC Racing Event | 2) | will fly my model in compliance with all requirements
10) An RC racing event, whether or not an AMA Rule specified in AMA Safety Regulations for Model Aircraft Gas
Book event,S e ee Turbines, [Document Number 513*], at all times.
2003 Official AMA National Model Aircraft Safety Code
Effective January 1, 2003
Model Flying MUST be in accordance with this Code in order for AMA Liability Protection to apply
GENERAL or with gaseous boosts, in which gases other than air enter
1) | will not fly my model aircraft in sanctioned events, their internal combustion engine(s); nor will | operate models
air shows, or model flying demonstrations until it has been with extremely hazardous fuels such as those containing
proven to be airworthy by having been previously, success- tetranitromethane or hydrazine.
fully flight tested. 7) | will not operate models with pyrotechnics (any de-
2) | will not fly my model higher than approximately 400 vice that explodes, burns, or propels a projectile of any kind)
feet within 3 miles of an airport without notifying the airport including, but not limited to, rockets, explosive bombs
operator. | will give right-of-way and avoid flying in the prox- dropped from models, smoke bombs, all explosive gases
imity of full-scale aircraft. Where necessary, an observer (such as hydrogen filled balloons), ground mounted devices
shall be utilized to supervise flying to avoid having models launching a projectile. The only exceptions permitted are
fly in the proximity of full-scale aircraft. rockets flown in accordance with the National Model Rock-
3) Where established, | wil! abide by the safety rules etry Safety Code or those permanently attached (as per
for the flying site | use, and | will not willfully and deliber- JATO use); also those items authorized for Air Show Team
ately fly my models in a careless, reckless and/or danger- use as defined by AST Advisory Committee (document
ous manner. available from AMA HQ). In any case, models using rocket
4) The maximum takeoff weight of a model is 55 motors as a primary means of propulsion are limited to a
pounds, except models flown under Experimental Aircraft maximum weight of 3.3 pounds and a G series motor. Note:
rules, [Document Number 549]. A model aircraft is defined as an aircraft with or without en-
5) | will not fly my model unless it is identified with my gine, not able to carry a human being.
name and address or AMA number, on or in the model. 8) | will not consume alcoholic beverages prior to, nor
Note: This does not apply to models while being flown in- during, participation in any model operations.
doors. 9) Children under 6 years old are only allowed on the
6) | will not operate models with metal-bladed propellers flight line as a pilot or while under flight instruction.
Bob Benjamim’s Taylorcraft, a model aircraft he-built from own plans,
during takeoff. (Mark Lanterman photo courtesy of Model Aviation) ~