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Eyes Without Country: Searching for a Palestinian Strategy of Liberation PDF

257 Pages·1994·47.717 MB·English
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Eyes Without Country Copyrighted Material Copyrighted Material Souad R. Dajani Eyes Without Country Searching for a Palestinian Strategy of Liberation Temple University Press Philadelphia Copyrighted Material Temple University Press, Philadelphia 19122 Copyright © 1995 by Temple University All rights reserved Published 1994 The title of this book is from a poem by Rashid Hussein, "Revolution in Transit," in The World of Rashid Hussein: A Palestinian Poet in Exile, edited by Kamal Boullatta and Mirene Ghossein (Detroit: Association of Arab-American University Graduates, 1979), 172-173. Reprinted with permission from The Association of Arab-American University Graduates, Normal, Illinois. Portions of the material in this book are reprinted with permission from Souad Dajani, The Intifada (Amman, Jordan: University of Jordan, Center for Hebraic Studies, 1990). The epigraph to the introduction is from a poem by Mahmoud Darwish, "Investigation," quoted in Fawaz Turki, The Disinherited Journal of Palestinian Exile (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1972),27. Copyright © 1972 by Fawaz Turki. Reprinted by permission of Monthly Review Foundation. S The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences-Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984 Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Dajani, Souad R. Eyes without country: searching for a Palestinian strategy of liberation / Souad R. Dajani. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-56639-240-3(cloth) ISBN 1-56639-241-1(paper) 1. Jewish-Arab relations. 2. Palestinian Arabs-Politics and government. 3. Intifada, 1987-Influence. 4. Nonviolence. 5. West Bank-International status. 6. Gaza Stti~ International status. I. Title. DS119.7.D2554 1995 956.95'3044-dc20 94-21706 CIP Copyrighted Material Nothing remains of my oldest dream, of revolution, But scraps and stars stitched to the shoulders of those who justify defeat. Nothing but battalions of essays pregnant with bank accounts and a green light for murder. Nothing remains but a minstrel She wails over Jaffa and Haifa Banks in Jerusalem sweat. (Revolution still searching for an alphabet). A revolution, my friends, comes to life in eyes without country in peasants without land where the police is landlord. A revolution comes to life when the writer and the blind See one truth. From "Revolution in Transit" by Rashid Hussein Copyrighted Material Copyrighted Material Contents Acknowledgments IX Introduction Xl ONE. The Context and Background of the Intifada 1 Two. Twenty Years of Occupation: Palestinian Resistance Before the Intifada 28 THREE. The Intifada as Palestinian Civilian Resistance 57 FOUR. Nonviolent Civilian Resistance: Theoretical Underpinnings 95 FIvE. Assessing Strategic Directions: Prospects for a Strategy of Nonviolent Civilian Resistance 114 Conclusion 155 Abbreviations 159 Notes 163 Index 229 Copyrighted Material Copyrighted Material Acknowledgments Initial work on this book coincided with the outbreak of the intifada in the Occupied Territories. During 1987-1988, I was a postdoctoral fellow at the Program on Nonviolent Sanctions at Harvard University's Center for International Affairs. I was pursuing my research on Palestinian nonviolent civilian resistance to Israeli occupation. The intifada, the civilian uprising of Palestinians in the Occupied West Bank and Gaza Strip, seemed like a vindication of the direction my work was taking. I was studying a region where the language of force prevailed and where people reacted very skeptically to the notion that "nonviolence" could wield any kind of effective power. As the intifada escalated, so did my commitment to investigate this mode of civilian struggle. Lying at the heart of the issue, it seemed to me, was the question of the extent to which the intifada relied upon a coherent strategy to achieve its goals. It was soon apparent that my energies should focus on this question of strategy. More precisely, I would focus on the formulation of a strategy of nonviolent civilian resis tance that could be undertaken by the Palestinians themselves to end Israeli rule. This book would not have been possible without the support of two fellowships, one from the Program on Nonviolent Sanctions at Harvard University and one from the Albert Einstein Institution in Cambridge, Massachusetts. My thanks especially to Gene Sharp, who first invited me to Harvard, and to Chris Kruegler, who facilitated my return for a second year. Three people to whom lowe special gratitude are Chris Kruegler, Elaine Hagopian-a role model and former professor, and Zachary Lockman. They read the first draft of this manuscript and provided me with most incisive and critical comments. I hope they recognize their input here. I thank Jamal Nassar of the Association of Arab-American University Graduates for Copyrighted Material

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