External Sulphate Attack – Field Aspects and Lab Tests: RILEM Final Workshop of TC 251-SRT (Madrid - SPAIN, 2018)

176 Pages·2020·8.858 MB·English

by  Esperanza Menéndez, Véronique Baroghel-Bouny

RILEM Bookseries
Esperanza Menéndez
Véronique Baroghel-Bouny E ditors
External Sulphate
Attack – Field
Aspects and
Lab Tests
RILEM Final Workshop of TC 251-SRT
(Madrid - SPAIN, 2018)
–
External Sulphate Attack Field Aspects
and Lab Tests
RILEM BOOKSERIES
Volume 21
RILEM, The International Union of Laboratories and Experts in Construction
Materials,SystemsandStructures,foundedin1947,isanon-governmentalscientific
association whose goal is to contribute to progress in the construction sciences,
techniques and industries, essentially by means of the communication it fosters
betweenresearchandpractice.RILEM’sfocusisonconstructionmaterialsandtheir
useinbuildingandcivilengineeringstructures,coveringallphasesofthebuilding
process from manufacture to use and recycling of materials. More information on
RILEM and its previous publications can be found on www.RILEM.net. Indexed
inSCOPUS,GoogleScholar and SpringerLink.
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/8781
é é
Esperanza Men ndez V ronique Baroghel-Bouny
(cid:129)
Editors
–
External Sulphate Attack
Field Aspects and Lab Tests
RILEM Final Workshop of TC 251-SRT
(Madrid - SPAIN, 2018)
123
Editors
Esperanza Menéndez Véronique Baroghel-Bouny
IETcc-CSIC IFSTTAR
Institute of Construction Sciences Marne-la-Vallée, France
Eduardo Torroja
Madrid,Spain
ISSN 2211-0844 ISSN 2211-0852 (electronic)
RILEMBookseries
ISBN978-3-030-20330-6 ISBN978-3-030-20331-3 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20331-3
©RILEM2020
Nopartofthisworkmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmittedinanyformorbyany
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written
permissionfromthePublisher,withtheexceptionofanymaterialsuppliedspecificallyforthepurposeof
beingenteredandexecutedonacomputersystem,forexclusiveusebythepurchaserofthework.
ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG
Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland
Introduction for the Proceedings of TESA 2018
External sulphate attack (ESA) affects the long-term durability of various types of
concrete structures. Although ESA has been studied for many years, it remains a
complex, confusing, and controversial topic.
The Final Workshop of the RILEM TC-251-SRT “Sulfate Resistance Testing”
onExternalSulfateAttackinconcretestructures(TESA2018),heldontheMay24
and 25, 2018 at IETcc-CSIC, Madrid, Spain, is one of the main events of the
Technical Committee dealing with various aspects of external sulphate attack in
concrete structures and test methods. The main objective of the Workshop was to
promotetechnicaldiscussionanddebateofideasonthistopic,andinparticularon
the means of evaluation of the resistance of concrete exposed to ESA.
TESA 2018 is part of the activities of RILEM TC 251-SRT, which 10th (wrap
up) meeting was held on the afternoon of the May 25, 2018 at the end of the
Workshop.AsanimportanteventofthisTC,theWorkshopfocusedonnoveltiesin
the understanding of basic mechanisms, as well as in the development of test
methods dedicated to the evaluation of the resistance of concrete exposed to ESA.
Forexample,newstudieslinkingfieldcasesandlabtestswerediscussedduringthe
meeting.TheWorkshopprogramincluded12contributions,whichwerearticulated
in 3 main themes:
(cid:129) Mechanisms of alteration in external sulphate attack
– New and original aspects in the understanding of the mechanisms of ESA;
– Thermodynamic and kinetics aspects;
– Interaction between ESA and other actions (e.g., exposure to seawater).
(cid:129) Field aspects of external sulphate attack
– Damages observed in real concrete structures;
– Parameters that affect the attack;
– Relationship between degradation and structural effects;
– Role of the environmental conditions in the type and level of damage.
v
vi IntroductionfortheProceedingsofTESA2018
(cid:129) Testing to evaluate the resistance of concrete to external sulphate attack
– New approaches in test methods to evaluate ESA;
– Role of various test parameters and criteria to evaluate the degradation;
– Limitations of lab test methods;
– New studies linking test methods and field cases.
This Workshop provided a forum in which people from around the worldcame
to exchange experience and researches on concrete structures affected by external
sulphate attack and on test methods. For example, the most recent advances in
researchrelated toESAandnewdevelopmentsontestmethodswerepresented,as
well as real case studies in various countries of concrete structures affected by
external sulphate attack. The Workshop also favoured social relations.
This volume contains the abstracts and full-length papers of the contributions
presented at the TESA 2018 Workshop, where seven countries were represented.
The content constitutes valuable matter to complement the STAR, another main
deliverable of the RILEM TC.
Our sincere thanks go to the speakers and authors who have contributed to the
scientific quality of the Workshop as reflected by the proceedings. Moreover, we
expressourgratitudetoalltheattendeesfortheirinterestandactivecontributionto
fruitful discussion during the Workshop.
Esperanza Menéndez
Véronique Baroghel-Bouny
Chairs of the TESA 2018 Workshop
Contents
Field Aspects
Field Performance of Portland Limestone Cement Concretes Exposed
to Cold-Temperature Sulphate Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
A. Hossack, M. D. A. Thomas and E. Moffatt
Review of the Incidence of the Sulphate Attack in Spain. Evaluation
of Field Concrete Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
E. Menéndez, R. García-Rovés, B. Aldea and Y. Salem
Combination of Actions
Investigation on the Combined Interaction of Sulphate and Acidic
Attack on Concretes Exposed to Aggressive Environments . . . . . . . . . . 33
M. C. Alonso, K. Villar, D. Qvaeschning, S. Irico and G. Pérez
External Sulphate Attack on Recycled Concrete: Assessment
of the Influence of Recycled Aggregate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
L. R. Santillan, Y. A. Villagrán Zaccardi and C. J. Zega
Testing and Parameters of Testing
Influence of Temperature and Aggressive Solutions
in the Formation of Thaumasite and Ettringite in Standard
and Commercial Mortars. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
E. Menéndez, B. Aldea, M. Formoso, R. García-Roves,
S. Ruiz and J. de Frutos
Influence of Thermal Preconditioning on the Mechanism of External
Sulphate Attack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
S. Boudache, E. Rozière, A. Loukili and H. Colina
vii
viii Contents
Influence of Specimen Size on the Expansion of Portland Cement
Mortars Immersed in Sodium Sulphate Solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
M. F. Suma and M. Santhanam
An Alternative Method to Evaluate the Sulphate Resistance
of Cementitious Binders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
F. Aguayo, O. J. Funez, T. Drimalas, K. J. Folliard and R. D. Lute
New Approach for Testing SR Cements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
K. Lipus
A Fast Testing Method for Discriminating Hardened Cement Paste
Reactivity with External Sulphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
S. Meulenyzer, B. Huet, H. Raqen, F. Bégaud, N. N. Bui, M. Vandamme
and J. M. Pereira
Mitigation
The Uses of Finely Ground Materials to Mitigate the External
Sulphate Attack (ESA) on Cementitious Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
D. J. De Souza, M. H. F. Medeiros, J. Hoppe and L. F. M. Sanchez
Evolution of Damage Due to Sulphate Attack in Cement Mortar
with and Without Ground Coal Bottom Ash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
E. Menéndez, C. Argiz and M. A. Sanjuán
RILEM Publications
The following list is presenting the global offer of RILEM Publications, sorted by
series. Each publication is available in printed version and/or in online version.
RILEM Proceedings (PRO)
PRO1:DurabilityofHighPerformanceConcrete(ISBN:2-912143-03-9;e-ISBN:
2-351580-12-5; e-ISBN: 2351580125); Ed. H. Sommer
PRO 2: Chloride Penetration into Concrete (ISBN: 2-912143-00-04; e-ISBN:
2912143454); Eds. L.-O. Nilsson and J.-P. Ollivier
PRO 3: Evaluation and Strengthening of Existing Masonry Structures (ISBN:
2-912143-02-0; e-ISBN: 2351580141); Eds. L. Binda and C. Modena
PRO 4: Concrete: From Material to Structure (ISBN: 2-912143-04-7; e-ISBN:
2351580206); Eds. J.-P. Bournazel and Y. Malier
PRO 5: The Role of Admixtures in High Performance Concrete (ISBN:
2-912143-05-5;e-ISBN:2351580214);Eds.J.G.CabreraandR.Rivera-Villarreal
PRO 6: High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites - HPFRCC 3
(ISBN: 2-912143-06-3; e-ISBN: 2351580222); Eds. H. W. Reinhardt and
A. E. Naaman
PRO 7: 1st International RILEM Symposium on Self-Compacting Concrete
(ISBN: 2-912143-09-8; e-ISBN: 2912143721); Eds. Å. Skarendahl and
Ö. Petersson
PRO 8: International RILEM Symposium on Timber Engineering (ISBN:
2-912143-10-1; e-ISBN: 2351580230); Ed. L. Boström
ix