Explosives and blasting technique : proceedings of EFEE Second World Conference on Explosives and Blasting Technique, 10-12 September, 2003, Prague, Czech Republic

578 Pages·2003·34.66 MB·English

by  Roger Holmberg

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PROCEEDINGS OF EFEE SECOND WORLD CONFERENCE ON EXPLOSIVES AND
BLASTING TECHNIQUE, 10–12 SEPTEMBER 2003, PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC
Explosives and Blasting Technique
Edited by
R. Holmberg
Dyno Nobel R&D Centre for Initiation Systems, Gyttorp, Sweden
Swedish Rock Construction Committee, Stockholm, Sweden
A.A. BALKEMA PUBLISHERS LISSE/ ABINGDON/ EXTON(PA)/ TOKYO
Copyright © 2003 Swets & Zeitlinger B.V., Lisse, The Netherlands
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Copyright © 2003 Swets & Zeitlinger B.V., Lisse, The Netherlands
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Published by: A.A. Balkema, a member of Swets & Zeitlinger Publishers
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ISBN 90 5809 605 X
Printed in The Netherlands
Copyright © 2003 Swets & Zeitlinger B.V., Lisse, The Netherlands
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Explosives and Blasting Technique, Holmberg (ed.)
©2003 Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse, ISBN 90 5809 605 X
Table of Contents
Foreword XI
Foreword of the President XIII
Acknowledgement XV
1. EU directives and harmonisation work
Session 1
EU directives affecting the explosives industry 5
F.M. Murray & B. Hueber
Explosion and fire hazard assessment for explosives, ammunition and fertilizing agents facilities after
EU directive 96/82/EC “Seveso II”: Contribution for guidelines proposal 15
R. Folchi
Umsetzung der Richtlinie 93/15/EWG über das Inverkehrbringen von Explosivstoffen aus der
Sicht der Herstellerindustrie und Anmerkungen zu Lagerung und Transport von
Ammoniumnitrat-Emulsionen (ANE) 21
M. Held
Possible evolution of the blasters training in Europe 29
M.-C. Michel
2. Health, safety and environment, HSE
Session 2
Safety aspects of permitted explosives for use in underground coal mines 43
R. Zimmermann
Blasting safely and efficiently in reactive ground and/or hot ground in sulphide dust
explosion generating rock 47
P. Bellairs & Gour Sen
Risk management and blasting operations in the demolition industry 55
E.K. Lauritzen & J. Schneider
Tunnelling blasting in urban and sensitive areas – risk management and consulting experiences
from case histories of some Hellenic projects 61
E. Baliktsis
Explosives facilities – a major hazard in urban areas 73
P. Vuillaume
Session 3
Peak particle velocity modelling 81
A. Wetherelt, P. Hunt & J. Pepper
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Developments in the use of scaled-distance modelling which allow an increase in the permitted
charge weights while still ensuring vibration compliance 89
T.J. White, M. Pegden & W.J. Birch
Reducing vibration level using simulation and predictive software with EDD (ten years of
history in two Lafarge quarries) 97
T. Bernard
Underwater blasting in Algeciras-Spain for the world biggest floating dock 101
H. Espinosa de los Monteros & J.A. Pascual
Traffic tunnels in rock – guide levels for blast-induced vibrations 109
S.-E. Johansson & G. Rundqvist
Session 4
Different evaluation criteria of permissible explosive quantity 119
S. Strelec, B. Bozic & M. Gazdek
Influence of different types of explosives on economical and working hygienic aspects in tunnels 127
V. Wetzig
Detonation characteristics of commercial ammonium nitrate prills 133
G. Eck, O. Machacek & K. Tallent
Modelling of consequences from accidental releases of hazardous industrial chemicals 141
O.J. Mika
Sprengknallreduktion durch verdämmende Materialien 145
T. Loose, H. Saal & H.U. Freund
3. Recent technical development – products and processes
Session 5
Evaluation of the need for electronic detonator systems for blasting operations 157
C.V.B. Cunningham
Electronic detonator technology in open pit mining 165
D.A. Bartley, R. McClure & R. Trousselle
Innovative blasting techniques for excavation of long tunnel rounds 173
G.W. Kuzyk, D.P. Onagi & B. Mohanty
Large size cylinder expansion tests on ANFO and gassed bulk emulsion explosives 181
U. Nyberg, I. Arvantidis, M. Olsson & F. Ouchterlony
The energy balance of production blasts at Nordkalk’s Klinthagen quarry 193
F. Ouchterlony, U. Nyberg, M. Olsson, I. Bergqvist, L. Granlund & H. Grind
Session 6
Temperature and pressure measurements comparison of the aluminized emulsion explosives
detonation front and products expansion 207
S. Mencacci, A. Lefrancois, J.Y. Grouffal & P. Bouinot
A centralised digital blasting system 215
D. Hummel & P. Reinders
Erzeugung eines definierten Kornbandes durch GBS im Festgestein über Tage 219
K. Ziegler, M. Ziegler & C. Brühe
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Single shot drawbell blasting with Orica’s i-kon®detonators at Freeport 225
M.B. Lovitt & B. Jr. Degay
Session 7
Numerical modelling and evaluation of the detonation of non-ideal explosives applied to
the optimisation of explosive choice for blasting operations 235
Y. Bleuzen & S. Mencacci
Sulphide dust explosions in underground mines 243
R.J. Enright & M. Leonte
Practical experiences and possibilities using SSE string charging system 253
A. Fauske
TerrEx – terroristic expert computer model for hazard assessment in the asymmetric threat environment 261
J. Pejcoch, M. Vanecek & F. Dittrich
4. Shot hole development
Session 8
Selection of inter-hole and inter-row timing for surface blasting – an approach based on
burden relief analysis 269
I. Onederra & S. Esen
Correlations between physical properties of PPAN and detonation characteristics of ANFO 277
H. Sugihara, Y. Sato & A. Inoue
Influence of the pressure wave propagating in compressed explosives on detonator 283
F. Sumiya, Y. Hirosaki & Y. Kato
The Lu-Hustrulid approach for calculating the peak particle velocity caused by blasting 291
W. Lu & W. Hustrulid
Session 9
Actual benefits from new technologies related to constant timing with electronic detonators
and uniform energy control 303
R. Chavez & R. Chantry
Verbesserung des Sprengergebnisses und Verringerung von Erschütterungen durch Anwendung
der Impulstheorie bei Gewinnungssprengungen 313
B. Müller & R. Böhnke
Breakage energy in rock blasting 323
P. Moser, A. Grasedieck, J. du Mouza & E. Hamdi
Less fines production in aggregate and industrial minerals industry 335
P. Moser
Session 10
Bottom hole and multiple power decks – independent testing results of the new blasting technique 347
R.F. Chiapetta & J.L. Wyciskalla
Calculation of explosives useful work – comparison with cylinder test data 357
J.A. Sanchidrián & L.M. López
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Relationship of booster size and velocity of detonation in production holes 363
S.G. Giltner
WR-ANFO – the explosive for light and medium water conditions 369
A. Arczewski, J. Alin & E.C. Nygaard
Session 11
Experiences with the deconstruction of multi-hole quarry blast vibration signals 375
R. Farnfield, G. Yuill & W. Birch
Impulse contour of cylindrical charges without and with confinements at near distance 383
M. Held
Blast induced micro cracks assessment in muckpile blocks: P-wave velocity and porosity measurements 389
E. Hamdi, M. Audiguier, J. du Mouza & K. Fjäder
Influence of demilitarised solid propellants on detonation parameters of ammonals 401
K. Lipin´ska, M. Lipin´ski, A. Maranda & J. Sobala
5. Blasting experiences
Session 12
Sprengfaltung von Stahlbetonschornsteinen 409
R. Meltzer
Sprengabbruch von zwei 150m hohen Kühltürmen im ehemaligen Kernkraftwerk Stendal 415
B. Augsten & R. Melzer
The blasting of the Bernese Wankdorf stadium, August 3rd, 2001, 15:00 to 16:15 (A play in two acts) 419
M. Zimmermann & W. Weber
Sprengung von Stahlkonstruktionen in Deutschland – ein Bericht über 10-Jährige Erfahrungen
beim Einsatz und der Handhabung von flexiblen Schneidladungen 423
M.Hopfe
Road tunnel in Porto: explosives or not, that was the question – a case study 431
J.M. Carvalho, A.T. Cavalheiro & H.B. Miranda
Session 13
Shock wave pressure in underground explosions 441
L.M. López, J.A. Sanchidrián, L.J. Piedra & J. Ríos
Comparison of the blast fragmentation from lab-scale and full-scale tests at Bårarp 449
P. Moser, M. Olsson, F. Ouchterlony & A. Grasedieck
Blast fragmentation size assessment analysis for production blasts in Indian mining conditions 459
N.R. Thote & D.P. Singh
The measurement and analysis of near-field pressure transients in production blasting 467
S. Mencacci & R. Farnfield
Real-time vibration monitoring and control on the Kamppi Center Project, Helsinki, Finland 475
R.A. Lee & P. Paavola
Session 14
Analysis of bench face movement in quarry blasting 485
P. Segarra, J.A. Sanchidrián, L.M. López, J.A. Pascual, R. Ortiz, A. Gómez & B. Smoech
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Controlled blasting methods for excavating rock and concrete near critical structures 497
G.F. Revey
Drilling and blasting works on a highway construction on the edge of a rock-wall 503
S. Z˘ganec, M. Dobrilovic´& Z. Ester
Blasting water-filled concrete structures 509
G. Berta & G. Ottelli
Session 15
Lake tap blast for salmon fishery improvement 517
J.R. Wallace
Design of the final wall blasting for the Croatian motorway project 521
R. Pisk, D. Vrkljan & Z. Ester
Dynamic influence of blasting on primary and secondary tunnel support system 527
Z. Ester, M. Dobrilovic´ & D. Vrkljan
Session 16
The “Big Bang” at Tucurui – the blasting of the 300 m long downstream cofferdam in Canal II 535
K. Kure, C. Herweg & G.A. Mellios
Comparison of the tunnel boring machine and blasting excavation methods at
Cappadocian tuff (Turkey), based on efficiency, safety and costs 543
C. Agan
Unexploded ordnance and the Kokkola 13m Channel in Finland 549
H.P. Tomperi
Optimal parameters of blasting in tunnels using cartridged and pumped explosives with electric
and non-electric initiation 555
Z. Dekovic´, Z. Ester & M. Dobrilovic´
Session 17
Spaltsprengungen am Widerlager West des Wassertrassenkreuzes Magdeburg 563
M. Schumann
Improving slope stability with electronic delays 567
J.L. Floyd
Effect of blast design on crack response 573
C.H. Dowding, C. Aimone-Martin & M.L. Snider
Predictability and prediction of ground vibrations in demolition blasting 583
R. Mancini, M. Cardu & E. Michelotti
6. Management of blasting operations
Session 18
Technical conditions, directions and priorities for blast technology development in Russia 593
V.A. Belin & A.F. Avdeev
Use of neural networks to assess economical influence and predict blasting fragmentation 597
J. Schleifer & D. Nourry
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Electronic blasting and blast management 605
F. Hammelmann & P. Reinders
Determination of most active rock mass heterogeneity on blast: their use in an experimental
design based on statistical process control 609
A.C. Sauvage & A. Blanchier
Session 19
An intelligence-expert system for bench blasting design and its application at the Lanjian iron mine 617
J.C. Zhang, S.Y. Zheng & C. Chang
Future development of neural network prediction for blast design parameters of production blasting 625
V. Petr, M.G. Simões & T.G. Rozgonoyi
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Explosives and Blasting Technique, Holmberg (ed.)
©2003 Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse, ISBN 90 5809 605 X
Organised by European Federation of Explosives Engineers (EFEE)
Arranged by Czech Society for Blasting Technique and
Pyrotechnics (CSBTP)
Foreword
The European Federation of Explosives Engineers (EFEE) was founded in 1988. Today there are eighteen members
in the EFEE organisation, representatives of different European national societies engaged in the disciplines of
Explosives Engineering.
Within the European Union theEFEEstands for:
• An organisation of professional users of explosives for industrial applications, and the experts on National
and European level in its field;
• The democratic right to representation and involvement in the policy-making, legislation and regulating
processes in its field, on a National and a European level.
There has been a great interest for this EFEE 2nd World Conference on Explosives and Blasting and the
papers presented have provided the conference participants with new findings and experiences within the area
of Health, Safety and Environment. New technical information of recent advances in the field of explosives
application, research and technology was released and the conference also focused on the ongoing work inside
EU with regards to harmonisation.
Participants at this conference represented explosives users, manufacturers of explosives and equipment for
drilling operations, researchers and professionals involved in construction, demolition, quarrying and mining
industry.
The many conference participants and exhibitors reflect that the conference has fulfilled its mandate
admirably and the success with this conference will ensure that the 3rd EFEE conference will be held within
two years in UK.
Roger Holmberg
Chairman, EFEE Technical Committee
Gyttorp, July 2003
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Explosives and Blasting Technique, Holmberg (ed.)
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Foreword of the President
After the first successful World Conference held in Munich in 2000, the European Blasting Association would
like to welcome the participants from all around the world to this year’s 2nd World Conference for Explosives
and Blasting in the Czech capital of Prague.
EFEE symbolizes technical progress and international co-operation regarding the harmonisation of stan-
dards of blasting-techniques, pyrotechnics and other related technologies. Misapplications as well as disastrous
aftermaths shall be prevented by exchanging experiences about the safe handling of explosives. Such exchange
of experience not only takes place in the field but also on a more scientific level.
EFEE was founded by five European countries such as U.K., Netherlands, Germany, Switzerland and
Finland in 1988. It currently consists of 18 member states of which one is our host country the Czech Republic
that joined as the first eastern partner soon after the political turn of events.
The Czech Republic has not only been awarded the conference because of its well worth seeing scenery but
also because it is a modern and ambitious country.
The gorgeous city of Prague on the river Vltava has a long history and has been a centre in aspects of culture,
trade and science for more than a millennium. Prague has a deeply moved history in which it had to bear misery
but also saw incredible splendour.
It is also this year that the new Czech Republic will be celebrating its 10th anniversary; one more reason to
host this our 2nd conference in co-operation with the Czech Blasting Association.
The European Federation of Explosives Emgineers welcomes all cronies and newcomers, so they may have
the opportunity to contribute to the conference with their very own knowledge and experiences.
You will have the chance to update yourself by attending some of the more than 175 different lectures or by
visiting the 30 exhibitors on display.
It is understood that also our versatile social programme will be of your interest.
We welcome you again and wish you a pleasant stay in Prague.
Rémy Müller
EFEE Chairman
XIII
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