Description:Orbiting the ringed planet Saturn and its numerous moons, the Cassini
spacecraft has been and continues to be a keystone of exploration of the
Saturnian system and the properties of gaseous planets in our solar
system.
On June 30, 2004, the Cassini spacecraft entered orbit
around Saturn to begin the first in-depth, up-close study of the ringed
planet and its domain. As expected, the Saturn System has provided an
incredible wealth of opportunities for exploration and discovery. With
its initial four-year tour of the Saturn system complete as well as an
initial two-year extended mission called the Cassini Equinox Mission,
the spacecraft is conducting a second extended mission called the
Cassini Solstice Mission.
"We're looking at a string of remarkable
discoveries -- about Saturn's magnificent rings, its amazing moons, its
dynamic magnetosphere and about Titan's surface and atmosphere," says
Dr. Linda Spilker, Cassini project scientist. "Some of the mission
highlights so far include discovering that Titan has Earth-like
processes and that the small moon Enceladus has a hot-spot at its
southern pole, jets on the surface that spew out ice crystals and
evidence of liquid water beneath its surface."
Cassini's observations
of Saturn's largest moon, Titan, have given scientists a glimpse of
what Earth might have been like before life evolved. They now believe
Titan possesses many parallels to Earth, including lakes, rivers,
channels, dunes, rain, snow, clouds, mountains and possibly volcanoes.
The
spray of icy particles from the surface jets collectively forms a
towering plume three times taller than the width of Enceladus. The
moon’s diameter is about 500 kilometers (around 300 miles) It is now
thought that the plume feeds particles into Saturn's most expansive
ring, the E ring. Already in the extended mission, the spacecraft has
come as close as 25 kilometers (15 miles) from the moon's surface.
The
results from the Cassini spacecraft and the European Space Agency's
Huygens probe, which plunged through Titan's dense, smoggy atmosphere to
its surface, have generated hundreds of scientific articles and been
the subject of special issues of the world’s most important scientific
journals. This book summarizes many of the finding. Contents
hyperlinked for easy navigation. Over 80 color photos.