Table Of Content

“Exploring Contemporary Police Challenges: A Global Perspective is an edited book that includes discussions on many of the problematic areas of policing. What sets this volume apart from others is its international approach. The editors have compiled an impressive list of contributors who examine the challenges faced by police as well as their opportunities and do so from countries across the globe. The editors have put together a diverse group of readings and have divided them into sections that help the reader identify chapters of particular interest. While they are reviewed comprehensively in the introductory chapter, the individual studies, and reviews that follow pro- duce a comprehensive and important collection that is of interest to scholars of comparative and international policing.” —Professor Geofrey P. Alpert, University of South Carolina, U.S.A. and Grifth University, Australia “Exploring Contemporary Police Challenges: A Global Perspective is a welcome addition to the body of knowledge dealing with global issues in policing. This book, paired with the Final Report of 21st Century Policing, presents a unique and comprehensive way to view and cover the contemporary policing issues and salient solution. It’s clever the way the book is in alignment with the six pillars of 21st Century policing and uses practical examples to illustrate the points. The way the book is set up is logical and easy to follow. The global perspective lends itself to exploring comparative policing challenges with salient examples from a variety of countries and policing styles. Regard- less of where you are in the world, a better, more user friendly version of policing is needed in order to address police reform and the various challenges they face.” —Professor Lorenzo M. Boyd, University of New Haven, U.S.A. “Never before, in the modern history of police profession, was there more of a need for a book like Exploring Contemporary Police Challenges. From its focus on the most dire challenges of police profession in the 21st century, through its comparative and multinational approach to author- ship based on a mix of academics and professional, this edited volume walks the reader through a myriad of complex issues that face police profession across the globe, ofering not just accounts and analysis but a myriad of solutions as well. Starting with the most critical concept of how agen- cies need to Build Trust and Legitimacy to maintain their ability to engage in efective, consensus based policing, that can only be achieved through creation of adequate mechanisms of Policy and Oversight. The natural progression to achieve these mechanisms can be seen in the overview of Uti- lization of Technology and Social Media that help create the oversight through the use of body worn cameras and exposure of police community encounters through various digital platforms and on the other end, the assistance these tools provide for more efective, technology driven policing. The transition to the new modalities of Community Policing that have been heavily endorsed as the panacea for police community relations leads in the most natural manner to focus on issues related to professionalization of the members for the profession through a thorough look at the various aspects of Police Training and Education. The fnal part of this fne volume deals with the most critical aspect of police profession, namely the historically much ignored topic of Ofcer Wellness and Safety. The way this volume is structured, it afords the reader with a template of what needs to be done and in what order to change, enhance, and deliver quality policing around the world. The contribution of many of the individual authors is further amplifed by their practitioner and academic background that afords them with the insider’s perspective that sheds much light into the frequently criticized yet rarely thoroughly analyzed profession. Finally, the comparative aspect, with focus on countries that are rarely subject to a rigorous and empirical research directed at their police forces is a very much needed and refreshing perspective that will, fnally, validate the notion that policing is a true profession that transcends countries and continents. It is a must read for students, researchers and general public who believe in the critical contribution of efective and professional policing to the creation and sustainability of democratic societies.” —Professor Maria (Maki) Haberfeld, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, U.S.A. “This edited volume represents an extraordinarily comprehensive and global perspective on policing. Organized masterfully around the pressing issues for policing in the 21st century (i.e., trust and legitimacy, policy and oversight, technology and social media, community policing and crime reduction, training and education, and ofcer wellness and safety), this book takes the reader on a deep dive into these challenges and areas for growth and advancement in policing. The team of editors and contributors have vast experience, expertise, and scholarship that collectively succeeds in compiling a high-level, yet accessible book that should be of interest to academics, researchers, practitioners, policy makers, and all who are interested in learning more about 21st century policing and the path forward.” —Professor Wesley Jennings, University of Mississippi, U.S.A. “It is to the credit of the editors to have compiled an up-to-date collection of articles, written by a truly global and diverse line-up of competent authors, informing the readership about the most relevant ‘policing-problems’ on the agenda of the late frst quarter of the 21st century. The edition is well structured and rich on highly practical examples. From a European perspective, the read is not just worth because of the relevant share of studies covering the old continent, but also because the thinking about progress in policing and building better police institutions has long ago moved beyond national borders and traditions. Police practitioners and students with a stake in achieving high-quality policing by improved understanding of today’s policing issues will take beneft of the reading.” —Dr. Detlef Nogala, Research & Knowledge Management Ofcer, Editor of European Law Enforcement Research Bulletin, CEPOL, Hungary “This fne volume brings together fresh reports by policing experts from around the globe. The chapters speak to legitimacy, corruption, community engagement, competence, fair treatment, police violence, ofcer well-being, and terrorism. There are analyses of the promises and pitfalls of new technologies ranging from drones to body cameras and cybercrime. These cutting-edge reports are organized around six themes common to policing almost everywhere, and together they provide a comprehensive overview of policing in the 21st century.” —Professor Wesley G. Skogan, Northwestern University, U.S.A. Exploring Contemporary Police Challenges Policing in the 21st century is becoming increasingly complicated as economic, political, social, and legal circumstances continue to compel police organizations to evolve. To illustrate the complexity of policing in the 21st century and cover themes common to the police organizations around the world, Exploring Contemporary Police Challenges: A Global Perspective is organized into six sections, which cover the key policing challenges across the globe. Based on President Obama’s 2015 Task Force’s organization into six broad pillars, this volume contains contributions from policing experts focusing on Building Trust and Legitimacy; Providing Policy and Oversight; Utilizing Technology and Social Media; Developing Community Policing and Crime Reduction; Providing Police Training and Education; and Facilitating Ofcer Wellness and Safety. Scholarly analyses and discussions of these issues in 16 countries on 6 continents ofer a global perspective on policing in the 21st century. This volume simultaneously enhances the scope of policing scholarship and demonstrates that no country can sidestep the need to adjust to these rapid and profound changes. Sanja Kutnjak Ivković is Professor at the School of Criminal Justice, Michigan State University, U.S.A.She holds a doctoral degree in criminology (PhD, University of Delaware) and a doctoral degree in law (S.J.D., Harvard University). Dr. Kutnjak Ivković received the 2017 Mueller Award for Distinguished Contributions to International Criminal Justice, Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences International Section. She has served as Chair of the Division of International Criminology, American Society of Criminology (2017–2019; 2019–2021) and the Chair of the International Division, Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences (2011–2013). Dr. Kutnjak Ivković has co-authored 6 books, edited 4 books, and published over 60 journal articles and 50 book chapters. Her work has appeared in leading academic and law journals such as the Law and Society Review; Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology; Criminology and Public Policy; Stanford Journal of International Law; Policing and Society; Policing: An International Journal; Policing: A Journal of Police and Practice; and Police Quarterly. Her book Reclaiming Justice (2011; with John Hagan) won the 2014 Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences International Section Book Award and was the fnalist at the 2011 American Society of Criminology International Division Book Award. Her book Police Integrity in South Africa (2020; with Sauerman, A., Faull, A., Meyer, M., and G. Newham) won the 2022 Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences International Section Book Award. Jon Maskály is Assistant Professor in the Department of Criminal Justice at the University of North Dakota, U.S.A. He earned a B.A. and an M.A. in Criminal Justice from the University of Nevada. He earned his PhD from the University of South Florida in 2014. In 2016, Dr. Maskály earned a graduate certifcate in measurement, evaluation, statistics, and assessment (MESA) from the University of Illinois at Chicago. His primary research interests revolve around issues in policing, notably police-community relations, police integrity, and police accountability. Additionally, Dr. Maskály is particularly interested in the (mis)use of quantitative methods and the emergence of computational criminology to address otherwise seemingly intractable research questions. Recently, he has been examining the COVID-19 pandemic’s efects on policing with a worldwide team. He has worked as a subject matter expert in several police reform projects around the nation. He has secured multiple contracts with police organizations to enhance their ability to make data- driven decisions. His recent publications have appeared in the Journal of Criminal Justice, Journal of Interpersonal Violence, Policing and Society, International Criminal Justice Review, and Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice. Christopher M. Donner is Associate Professor and Graduate Program Director in the Department of Criminal Justice & Criminology at Loyola University Chicago, U.S.A. He received his B.S. and M.S. in criminal justice from the University of Cincinnati, and he received his PhD in Criminology from the University of South Florida. His main area of research focuses on policing issues, with a particular emphasis on police integrity and misconduct. A secondary area of research interest includes the testing of criminological theories among non-traditional forms of deviance, such as cybercrime and sports doping. He has served as Co-Project Investigator on multiple externally funded grant projects, including evaluations of focused deterrence, Project Safe Neighborhoods, and Illinois’ Pretrial Fairness Act. His recent publications have appeared in a variety of peer-reviewed journals, such as the Journal of Criminal Justice, Policing and Society, Social Science Quarterly, Deviant Behavior, and the George Mason Law Review. He is a member of the American Society of Criminology, the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences, and the Midwest Criminal Justice Association. Irena Cajner Mraović is Associate Professor at the Faculty of Croatian Studies, University of Zagreb, Croatia. She earned her PhD in special education sciences from the University of Zagreb in 1995. She was Dean of the Police College, Advisor on Community Policing to the Minister of the Interior, and Head of the Police Academy. Her primary research interests include sociology of policing, criminology of juvenile crime and violence, and sociology of social control. A secondary area of her research interest includes sociology of the Croatian emigration. She has been engaged as a subject matter expert in several professional projects concerning urban security, prevention of corruption, domestic violence, violence in sports, and bullying in school. She has also mentored students who have received national and international awards for their work. She has authored numerous scholarly papers, books, and manuals. Her recent publications appeared in Policing: An International Journal, Police Practice and Research, the International Criminal Justice Review, and the International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice. Dilip K. Das is Editor in Chief of the series Advances in Police Theory and Practice, and the current book is a contribution to this Series. Professor Das is Founding President of International Police Executive Symposium, IPES, www.ipes.info which is in Special Consultative Status with the United Nations. He has authored, co-authored, edited, and co-edited about 40 books. Advances in Police Theory and Practice Series Series Editor: Dilip K. Das Crime Linkage: Theory, Research, and Practice Jessica Woodhams and Craig Bennell Police Investigative Interviews and Interpreting: Context, Challenges, and Strategies Sedat Mulayim, Miranda Lai, and Caroline Norma Policing White-Collar Crime: Characteristics of White-Collar Criminals Petter Gottschalk Honor-Based Violence: Policing and Prevention Karl Anton Roberts, Gerry Campbell, and Glen Lloyd Policing and the Mentally Ill: International Perspectives Duncan Chappell Security Governance, Policing, and Local Capacity Jan Froestad and Clifford Shearing Police Performance Appraisals: A Comparative Perspective Serdar Kenan Gul and Paul O’Connell Policing in France Jacques de Maillard and Wesley G. Skogan Women in Policing around the World: Doing Gender and Policing in a Gendered Organization Venessa Garcia Police Behavior, Hiring, and Crime Fighting: An International View Edited by John A. Eterno, Ben Stickle, Diana Peterson, and Dilip K. Das Translational Criminology in Policing Edited by The George Mason Police Research Group with David Weisburd Exploring Contemporary Policing Challenges: A Global Perspective Sanja Kutnjak Ivković, Jon Maskály, Christopher M. Donner, Irena Cajner Mraović & Dilip K. Das Exploring Contemporary Police Challenges A Global Perspective Edited by Sanja Kutnjak Ivković Jon Maskály Christopher M. Donner Irena Cajner Mraović Dilip K. Das Cover image: © Sanja Kutnjak Ivković and Jon Maskály First published 2023 by Routledge 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158 and by Routledge 4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2023 selection and editorial matter, Sanja Kutnjak Ivković, Jon Maskály, Chris- topher M. Donner, Irena Cajner Mraović, & Dilip K. Das individual chapters, the contributors The right of Sanja Kutnjak Ivković, Jon Maskály, Christopher M. Donner, Irena Cajner Mraović, & Dilip K. Das to be identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Sanja Kutnjak Ivković, editor. Title: Exploring contemporary police challenges: a global perspective / edited by Sanja Kutnjak Ivković, Jon Maskály, Christopher M. Donner, Irena Cajner Mraović, Dilip K. Das. Description: New York, NY: Routledge, 2023. | Series: Advances in police theory and practice | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2022028652 (print) | LCCN 2022028653 (ebook) | ISBN 9780367683344 (hardback) | ISBN 9780367683337 (paperback) | ISBN 9781003136965 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Police. | Police-community relations. Classification: LCC HV7921. E969 2023 (print) | LCC HV7921 (ebook) | DDC 363.2—dc23/eng/20220714 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2022028652 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2022028653 ISBN: 978-0-367-68334-4 (hbk) ISBN: 978-0-367-68333-7 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-003-13696-5 (ebk) DOI: 10.4324/9781003136965 Typeset in Bembo by Apex CoVantage, LLC Contents List of Figures xii List of Tables xiii Series Editor’s Preface xv List of Contributors xviii 1 Policing in the 21st Century: Challenges and Opportunities 1 SANJA KUTNJAK IVKOVIĆ, JON MASKÁLY, CHRISTOPHER M. DONNER, IRENA CAJNER MRAOVIĆ, AND DILIP K. DAS PART I Building Trust and Legitimacy 17 2 Moral Contexts of Procedural (In)Justice Efects on Public Cooperation with Police: A Vignette Experimental Study 19 JUSTICE TANKEBE 3 Police Legitimacy in Chile 34 LUCÍA DAMMERT AND ERIK ALDA 4 Citizens’ Perceptions of Fair Treatment by the Police and Court System: Assessing the Generality of Procedural Justice 48 CHRISTOPHER M. DONNER AND DAVID E. OLSON 5 Self-legitimacy of Police Ofcers in Urban and Rural Environments 61 GORAZD MEŠKO AND ROK HACIN PART II Providing Policy and Oversight 73 6 Democratic Policing and Codes of Conduct in Africa: The South African Police Service 75 ANDREW FAULL