Explaining Change in Russian Foreign Policy: The Role of Ideas in post-Soviet Russia's Conduct Towards the West (St. Anthony's Series) PDF
Preview Explaining Change in Russian Foreign Policy: The Role of Ideas in post-Soviet Russia's Conduct Towards the West (St. Anthony's Series)
PPL-UK_EC-Thorun_FM.qxd 9/18/2008 12:32 PM Page i St Antony’s Series General Editor: Jan Zielonka(2004–), Fellow of St Antony’s College, Oxford Recent titles include: Li-Chen Sim THE RISE AND FALL OF PRIVATIZATION IN THE RUSSIAN OIL INDUSTRY Stefania Bernini FAMILY LIFE AND INDIVIDUAL WELFARE IN POSTWAR EUROPE Britain and Italy Compared Tomila V. Lankina, Anneke Hudalla and Helmut Wollman LOCAL GOVERNANCE IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE Comparing Performance in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Russia Cathy Gormley-Heenan POLITICAL LEADERSHIP AND THE NORTHERN IRELAND PEACE PROCESS Role, Capacity and Effect Lori Plotkin Boghardt KUWAIT AMID WAR, PEACE AND REVOLUTION Paul Chaisty LEGISLATIVE POLITICS AND ECONOMIC POWER IN RUSSIA Valpy FitzGerald, Frances Stewart and Rajesh Venugopal (editors) GLOBALIZATION, VIOLENT CONFLICT AND SELF-DETERMINATION Miwao Matsumoto TECHNOLOGY GATEKEEPERS FOR WAR AND PEACE The British Ship Revolution and Japanese Industrialization Håkan Thörn ANTI-APARTHEID AND THE EMERGENCE OF A GLOBAL CIVIL SOCIETY Lotte Hughes MOVING THE MAASAI A Colonial Misadventure Fiona Macaulay GENDER POLITICS IN BRAZIL AND CHILE The Role of Parties in National and Local Policymaking Stephen Whitefield (editor) POLITICAL CULTURE AND POST-COMMUNISM José Esteban Castro WATER, POWER AND CITIZENSHIP Social Struggle in the Basin of Mexico Valpy FitzGerald and Rosemary Thorp (editors) ECONOMIC DOCTRINES IN LATIN AMERICA Origins, Embedding and Evolution Victoria D. Alexander and Marilyn Rueschemeyer ART AND THE STATE The Visual Arts in Comparative Perspective PPL-UK_EC-Thorun_FM.qxd 9/18/2008 12:32 PM Page ii Ailish Johnson EUROPEAN WELFARE STATES AND SUPRANATIONAL GOVERNANCE OF SOCIAL POLICY Archie Brown(editor) THE DEMISE OF MARXISM-LENINISM IN RUSSIA Thomas Boghardt SPIES OF THE KAISER German Covert Operations in Great Britain during the First World War Era Ulf Schmidt JUSTICE AT NUREMBERG Leo Alexander and the Nazi Doctors’ Trial Steve Tsang(editor) PEACE AND SECURITY ACROSS THE TAIWAN STRAIT C. W. Braddick JAPAN AND THE SINO-SOVIET ALLIANCE, 1950–1964 In the Shadow of the Monolith Isao Miyaoka LEGITIMACY IN INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY Japan’s Reaction to Global Wildlife Preservation Neil J. Melvin SOVIET POWER AND THE COUNTRYSIDE Policy Innovation and Institutional Decay Julie M. Newton RUSSIA, FRANCE AND THE IDEA OF EUROPE Juhana Aunesluoma BRITAIN, SWEDEN AND THE COLD WAR, 1945–54 Understanding Neutrality Helen Belopolsky RUSSIA AND THE CHALLENGERS Russian Alignment with China, Iran and Iraq in the Unipolar Era Christian Thorun EXPLAINING CHANGE IN RUSSIAN FOREIGN POLICY The Role of Ideas in post-Soviet Russia’s Conduct Towards the West St Antony’s Series Series Standing Order ISBN978- 0–333–71109–5 (hardcover) 978-0-333-80341-7 (paperback) (outside North America only) You can receive future titles in this series as they are published by placing a standing order. Please contact your bookseller or, in case of difficulty, write to us at the address below with your name and address, the title of the series and the ISBNs quoted above. Customer Services Department, Macmillan Distribution Ltd, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS, England PPL-UK_EC-Thorun_FM.qxd 9/18/2008 12:32 PM Page iii Explaining Change in Russian Foreign Policy The Role of Ideas in Post-Soviet Russia’s Conduct towards the West Christian Thorun In Association with St Antony’s College PPL-UK_EC-Thorun_FM.qxd 9/18/2008 12:32 PM Page iv © Christian Thorun 2009 All rights reserved.No reproduction,copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced,copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright,Designs and Patents Act 1988,or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House,6-10 Kirby Street,London EC1N 8TS. The author has asserted his rights to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright,Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2009 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England,company number 785998,of Houndmills,Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue,New York,N.Y.10010 Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom and Europe and other countries. ISBN-13:978-0-230-55372-9 hardback ISBN-10:0-230-55372-9 hardback This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources.Logging,pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Thorun,Christian,1976– Explaining change in Russian foreign policy :the role of ideas in post-Soviet Russia’s conduct towards the West / Christian Thorun. p.cm.— (St Antony’s series) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-230-55372-9 1. Russia (Federation)—Foreign relations. 2. Post-communism— Russia (Federation) I. Title. JZ1616.T46 2009 327.470182’1—dc22 2008030653 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 Printed and bound in Great Britain by CPI Antony Rowe,Chippenham and Eastbourne PPL-UK_EC-Thorun_FM.qxd 9/18/2008 12:32 PM Page v For Franziska Lena This page intentionally left blank PPL-UK_EC-Thorun_FM.qxd 9/18/2008 12:32 PM Page vii Contents List of Tables and Figures ix Acknowledgements x List of Abbreviations xi 1. Introduction 1 State of the debate 2 Approach and hypotheses 6 Explanatory and theoretical implications 12 Definitions and limitations of coverage 13 Chapter outline 14 Part I Theoretical Framework and Analysis of Discourse 2. Framework for Analysis 17 Realism and foreign policy analysis: Strengths and weaknesses 17 Social Constructivism: Endogenous interests and ideas on strategy 22 Methodology, methodological challenges, and ways to address them 24 3. Evolution of the Russian Leadership’s Foreign Policy Thinking 28 Discourse on the nature of international relations 29 Discourse on Russia’s identity, international status and role, and its primary interests 32 Discourse on strategy 39 Conclusion 46 Part II Case Study Analyses 4. Russia’s Approaches towards NATO 53 External constraints and Russia’s approach: Russia’s decisions to join the PfP programme and sign the NATO–Russia Founding Act 56 vii PPL-UK_EC-Thorun_FM.qxd 9/18/2008 12:32 PM Page viii viii Contents The indeterminancy of the Realist power-maximization hypothesis and the impact of collective ideas 59 Conclusion 78 5. Russia’s Responses to the Balkan Crises (1992–1999) 81 The indeterminacy of the Realist power-maximization hypothesis 84 Collective ideas and Russia’s responses to the Balkan crises 86 External constraints and Russia’s foreign policy 104 Conclusion 109 6. Russia’s Response to the 11 September 2001 Terrorist Attacks 111 External constraints and Russia’s response 113 The indeterminacy of the Realist power-maximization hypothesis 120 Collective ideas and Russia’s swift and far-reaching reaction 129 Conclusion 132 Part III Implications 7. Conclusion 137 Summary of findings 137 Implications 141 Notes and References 152 Selected Readings 191 Index 198 PPL-UK_EC-Thorun_FM.qxd 9/18/2008 12:32 PM Page ix List of Tables and Figures Tables 3.1 Summary of the changing ideas about the nature of international relations and about Russia’s identity, international status role, and primary interests 49 3.2 Summary of the changing ideas on strategy 50 Figures 2.1 Realism and foreign policy outputs 20 2.2 Collective ideas and foreign policy outputs 24 3.1 Changes in the Russian leadership’s perception of the nature of international relations 32 3.2 Changes in the sources of Russia’s great power status and in the definition of primary interests 39 3.3 Changes in the Russian leadership’s thinking on strategy 46 7.1 Collective ideas as the dependent variable 151 ix
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